Question 1

Many psychologists today believe that the worldwide decline in IQ scores is the result of environmental pollution and inadequate nutrition.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Only a few highly gifted people are capable of true creativity.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

People often cling to beliefs that have been contradicted by empirical evidence. What kinds of obstacles to logical thinking can help explain the persistence of such beliefs?

Accepted Answer

There are several obstacles to logical t

Question 4

A system that combines arbitrary symbols to produce an infinite number of meaningful statements is a definition of:

Accepted Answer

A)  a mental set. 
B)  language. 
C)  the linguistic relativity hypothesis. 
D)  an algorithm. 
A)  a mental set. 
B)  language. 
C)  the linguistic relativity hypothesis. 
D)  an algorithm.

Question 5

Thinking often involves the manipulation of two forms of mental representations:

Accepted Answer

A)  concepts and mental images. 
B)  perception and intelligence. 
C)  learning and cognition. 
D)  prototypes and stereotypes. 
A)  concepts and mental images. 
B)  perception and intelligence. 
C)  learning and cognition. 
D)  prototypes and stereotypes.

Question 6

The Dani speakers of New Guinea have names for only two classes of colors. When psychologist Eleanor Rosch and her colleagues studied color perception in the Dani speakers, Rosch found that the Dani:

Accepted Answer

A)  could not perceive the difference between red and green. 
B)  perceived colors in much the same way as English-speaking people. 
C)  could only distinguish among primary colors. 
D)  suffered from a hereditary form of color blindness. 
A)  could not perceive the difference between red and green. 
B)  perceived colors in much the same way as English-speaking people. 
C)  could only distinguish among primary colors. 
D)  suffered from a hereditary form of color blindness.

Question 7

In Sternberg's triarchic theory of intelligence, creative intelligence refers to the ability to deal with novel situations by drawing on existing skills and knowledge.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Environmental factors influence which of the many genes we inherit are actually switched on, or activated. Both heredity and environment are important in determining intelligence level.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

When Jean-Claude came back from skiing, he wanted to brew a cup of coffee. Because he was out of coffee filters, he settled for tea. Jean-Claude's failure to realize he could use a paper towel as a coffee filter best illustrates:

Accepted Answer

A)  a mental set. 
B)  intuition. 
C)  functional fixedness. 
D)  the availability heuristic. 
A)  a mental set. 
B)  intuition. 
C)  functional fixedness. 
D)  the availability heuristic.

Question 10

Psychologists generally agree that both genes and environmental factors contribute to intelligence.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Functional fixedness is a tendency to view objects as functioning in their usual or customary way.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Comparative cognition is a field of psychology that focuses on aspects of animal behavior, including memory, problem solving, planning, and cooperation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Which one of the following psychologists is most likely to agree with the idea that there are multiple intelligences that are independent and distinct?

Accepted Answer

A)  Charles Spearman 
B)  Claude Steele 
C)  Howard Gardner 
D)  Sue Savage-Rumbaugh 
A)  Charles Spearman 
B)  Claude Steele 
C)  Howard Gardner 
D)  Sue Savage-Rumbaugh

Question 14

Approximately two-thirds (68 percent) of all scores on the WAIS fall between _____ and _____, a range that is considered to indicate normal or average intelligence.

Accepted Answer

A)  100; 150 
B)  50; 150 
C)  85; 115 
D)  60; 130 
A)  100; 150 
B)  50; 150 
C)  85; 115 
D)  60; 130

Question 15

Mental images:

Accepted Answer

A)  can involve any of the senses, including sounds, smells, and textures. 
B)  are typically only visual, although some exceptional people can form auditory mental images. 
C)  are involved in processing visual stimuli only, and are not involved when stimuli are sounds, smells, textures, or tastes. 
D)  cannot be studied scientifically. 
A)  can involve any of the senses, including sounds, smells, and textures. 
B)  are typically only visual, although some exceptional people can form auditory mental images. 
C)  are involved in processing visual stimuli only, and are not involved when stimuli are sounds, smells, textures, or tastes. 
D)  cannot be studied scientifically.

Question 16

Janice forgot to pack a pillow for her camping trip, but used her down-filled jacket as a substitute pillow. This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

A)  overcoming functional fixedness. 
B)  developing a mental set. 
C)  using exemplars as an aid to intuitive problem solving. 
D)  the availability heuristic. 
A)  overcoming functional fixedness. 
B)  developing a mental set. 
C)  using exemplars as an aid to intuitive problem solving. 
D)  the availability heuristic.

Question 17

One influential model of intuition involves two stages, the guiding stage and the integrative stage.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Alyssa goes shopping for bath soap. After looking at all the different choices, Alyssa decides to choose the soap with the most cocoa butter in it. Alyssa is using the single-feature model of decision making.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Brian's car was not running well. The car would occasionally lose power or stall out. Brian thought about the possible solutions: changing the ignition wires, putting an additive in the gas tank, or taking his car to a mechanic and letting the mechanic figure out the problem. Brian decided that he would try putting an additive in the gas tank first to see if that corrected the problem. Which one of Sternberg's intelligences does it sound like Brian was using?

Accepted Answer

A)  naturalist intelligence 
B)  creative intelligence 
C)  analytic intelligence 
D)  logical-mathematical intelligence 
A)  naturalist intelligence 
B)  creative intelligence 
C)  analytic intelligence 
D)  logical-mathematical intelligence

Question 20

Animal language research has shown that:

Accepted Answer

A)  parrots like Alex can only parrot, or mimic, speech and have no understanding of what they are saying. 
B)  chimpanzees like Kanzi appear to be able to learn symbols and comprehend spoken English. 
C)  animals can communicate, but there is no evidence that they are capable of using language even in the most elementary way. 
D)  only humans can communicate and use language. 
A)  parrots like Alex can only parrot, or mimic, speech and have no understanding of what they are saying. 
B)  chimpanzees like Kanzi appear to be able to learn symbols and comprehend spoken English. 
C)  animals can communicate, but there is no evidence that they are capable of using language even in the most elementary way. 
D)  only humans can communicate and use language.

Many psychologists today believe that the worldwide decline in IQ scores is the result of environmental pollution and inadequate nutrition.

Only a few highly gifted people are capable of true creativity.

People often cling to beliefs that have been contradicted by empirical evidence. What kinds of obstacles to logical thinking can help explain the persistence of such beliefs?

A system that combines arbitrary symbols to produce an infinite number of meaningful statements is a definition of:

Thinking often involves the manipulation of two forms of mental representations:

The Dani speakers of New Guinea have names for only two classes of colors. When psychologist Eleanor Rosch and her colleagues studied color perception in the Dani speakers, Rosch found that the Dani:

In Sternberg's triarchic theory of intelligence, creative intelligence refers to the ability to deal with novel situations by drawing on existing skills and knowledge.

Environmental factors influence which of the many genes we inherit are actually switched on, or activated. Both heredity and environment are important in determining intelligence level.

When Jean-Claude came back from skiing, he wanted to brew a cup of coffee. Because he was out of coffee filters, he settled for tea. Jean-Claude's failure to realize he could use a paper towel as a coffee filter best illustrates:

Psychologists generally agree that both genes and environmental factors contribute to intelligence.

Functional fixedness is a tendency to view objects as functioning in their usual or customary way.

Comparative cognition is a field of psychology that focuses on aspects of animal behavior, including memory, problem solving, planning, and cooperation.

Which one of the following psychologists is most likely to agree with the idea that there are multiple intelligences that are independent and distinct?

Approximately two-thirds (68 percent) of all scores on the WAIS fall between _ and _, a range that is considered to indicate normal or average intelligence.

Mental images:

Janice forgot to pack a pillow for her camping trip, but used her down-filled jacket as a substitute pillow. This is an example of:

One influential model of intuition involves two stages, the guiding stage and the integrative stage.

Alyssa goes shopping for bath soap. After looking at all the different choices, Alyssa decides to choose the soap with the most cocoa butter in it. Alyssa is using the single-feature model of decision making.

Animal language research has shown that:

Introduction and Research Methods

Neuroscience and Behavior

Sensation and Perception

Consciousness and Its Variations

Learning

Memory

Motivation and Emotion

Lifespan Development

Personality

Social Psychology

Stress, Health, and Coping

Psychological Disorders

Therapies

Filters

Exam 7: Thinking, Language, and Intelligence

Many psychologists today believe that the worldwide decline in IQ scores is the result of environmental pollution and inadequate nutrition.

Only a few highly gifted people are capable of true creativity.

People often cling to beliefs that have been contradicted by empirical evidence. What kinds of obstacles to logical thinking can help explain the persistence of such beliefs?

A system that combines arbitrary symbols to produce an infinite number of meaningful statements is a definition of:

Thinking often involves the manipulation of two forms of mental representations:

The Dani speakers of New Guinea have names for only two classes of colors. When psychologist Eleanor Rosch and her colleagues studied color perception in the Dani speakers, Rosch found that the Dani:

In Sternberg's triarchic theory of intelligence, creative intelligence refers to the ability to deal with novel situations by drawing on existing skills and knowledge.

Environmental factors influence which of the many genes we inherit are actually switched on, or activated. Both heredity and environment are important in determining intelligence level.

When Jean-Claude came back from skiing, he wanted to brew a cup of coffee. Because he was out of coffee filters, he settled for tea. Jean-Claude's failure to realize he could use a paper towel as a coffee filter best illustrates:

Psychologists generally agree that both genes and environmental factors contribute to intelligence.

Functional fixedness is a tendency to view objects as functioning in their usual or customary way.

Comparative cognition is a field of psychology that focuses on aspects of animal behavior, including memory, problem solving, planning, and cooperation.

Which one of the following psychologists is most likely to agree with the idea that there are multiple intelligences that are independent and distinct?

Approximately two-thirds (68 percent) of all scores on the WAIS fall between _____ and _____, a range that is considered to indicate normal or average intelligence.

Mental images:

Janice forgot to pack a pillow for her camping trip, but used her down-filled jacket as a substitute pillow. This is an example of:

One influential model of intuition involves two stages, the guiding stage and the integrative stage.

Alyssa goes shopping for bath soap. After looking at all the different choices, Alyssa decides to choose the soap with the most cocoa butter in it. Alyssa is using the single-feature model of decision making.

Animal language research has shown that:

Introduction and Research Methods

Neuroscience and Behavior

Sensation and Perception

Consciousness and Its Variations

Learning

Memory

Motivation and Emotion

Lifespan Development

Personality

Social Psychology

Stress, Health, and Coping

Psychological Disorders

Therapies

Filters

Approximately two-thirds (68 percent) of all scores on the WAIS fall between _ and _, a range that is considered to indicate normal or average intelligence.