Exam 7: Thinking, Language, and Intelligence

When David goes to graduate school, he wants to investigate aspects of the heredity-environment debate as it relates to human intelligence. He is most likely to:

A mental representation of objects or events that are not physically present is called a mental image.

In terms of intelligence, identical twins reared together have very similar scores, whereas fraternal twins reared together have IQ scores that are less similar.

Functional fixedness can hamper attempts to solve problems because it prevents people from seeing the full range of potential uses for a familiar object.

Research suggests that the _____ is most likely to be used when people rely on information held in long-term memory to determine the likelihood of events occurring.

When asked what comes to mind in response to the word animal, Hillary immediately says "horse." For Hillary, horse is a(n) _____ of the category animal.

According to psychologist _____, there are multiple, independent forms of intelligence, such as linguistic intelligence, spatial intelligence, or interpersonal intelligence.

In the model of intuition described in your text, which stage involves conscious, analytic thinking?

Eleanor Rosch found that even though Dani-speaking people in New Guinea have words for only two colors in their language, they seemed to remember and perceive color in much the same way as English-speaking people from the United States.

Which of the following BEST defines a formal concept?

Factors such as motivation, expectations, attitudes toward test-taking, previous experience with tests, and use of different strategies in problem solving may affect performance and test scores. The textbook notes that these factors:

When a young scientist went hiking in the Swiss Alps, he found that the thorny burrs on some plants stuck to his pants and shirt. Rather than dismissing this trivial annoyance, the scientist took the burrs to his lab and analyzed their properties. His work eventually led to the invention of Velcro. This illustrates one aspect of creativity called:

Jorge is trying to decide which of two equally attractive condominiums to buy. He makes a list of the factors that are most important to him and numerically rates the two condominiums on each factor. Jorge is using the _____ model of decision making.

In which area of psychology are twin studies typically used?

Emily is planning a trip to northern Canada in January. She decides to buy the warmest coat she can find, no matter what its cost or appearance. Emily is relying upon the _____ to decide which coat to buy.

Rachel took longer to agree with the statement "an ostrich is a bird" than with the statement "a crow is a bird," because for Rachel an ostrich is dissimilar to her _____ of the category bird.

Which of the following does the Enhancing Well-Being with Psychology feature in your text NOT suggest as a way to enhance creativity?

When Louis Pasteur said, "Chance favors the prepared mind," he was talking about one particular ingredient that is central to creative thinking. What is that ingredient?

Assume that there are two different human racial groups, called the Lugs and the Glugs. Group testing has revealed that the Glugs have an IQ score that is 15 points higher on average than that of the Lugs. Which is more likely to explain this difference between the two groups-genetic factors or environmental factors? Why?

Many people were convinced that Ethan had psychic abilities after he identified the park where the body of a missing person was eventually found. However, they failed to take into account the hundreds of times Ethan made predictions that were false. This example illustrates the: