Question 1

A gene that promotes the development of cancer is called a(n) ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  clone 
B)  tumor suppressor gene 
C)  mutagen 
D)  carcinogen 
E)  oncogene 
A)  clone 
B)  tumor suppressor gene 
C)  mutagen 
D)  carcinogen 
E)  oncogene E

Question 2

An oncogene may promote cancer by keeping the cell growth pathway in the off position.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 3

After genetic testing, a person is identified with an inherited mutation associated with a specific class of cancer. Select the statements that are true about this person. Check all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A)  The person will definitely develop cancer in his or her lifetime. 
B)  The person is predisposed to the development of cancer. 
C)  The mutation is probably in a tumor suppressor gene. 
D)  The person may pass the trait on to his or her offspring. 
A)  The person will definitely develop cancer in his or her lifetime. 
B)  The person is predisposed to the development of cancer. 
C)  The mutation is probably in a tumor suppressor gene. 
D)  The person may pass the trait on to his or her offspring. B, C, D

Question 4

The term that indicates that cancer has begun to migrate to other parts of the body is ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  malignant 
B)  benign 
C)  metastatic 
D)  invasive 
E)  clonal 
A)  malignant 
B)  benign 
C)  metastatic 
D)  invasive 
E)  clonal

Question 5

Dizygotic twins share ________ of their genetic information.

Accepted Answer

A)  25% 
B)  50% 
C)  75% 
D)  100% 
A)  25% 
B)  50% 
C)  75% 
D)  100%

Question 6

An oncogene form of Ras would have ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  decreased GTPase activity 
B)  an inability to bind GTP 
C)  increased susceptibility to growth factors 
D)  inability to bind Raf-1 
A)  decreased GTPase activity 
B)  an inability to bind GTP 
C)  increased susceptibility to growth factors 
D)  inability to bind Raf-1

Question 7

Prions can contain either DNA or RNA as their genetic material.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

The process of ________ removes amniotic fluid from a pregnant mother to examine fetal cells for genetic problems.

Accepted Answer

A)  amniocentesis 
B)  chorionic villus sampling 
C)  preimplantation genetic diagnosis 
D)  in vitro fertilization 
A)  amniocentesis 
B)  chorionic villus sampling 
C)  preimplantation genetic diagnosis 
D)  in vitro fertilization

Question 9

What prion conformation may result in a prion-related infection?

Accepted Answer

A)  PrPSc 
B)  PrPC 
C)  Both can cause disease 
A)  PrPSc 
B)  PrPC 
C)  Both can cause disease

Question 10

Indicate the roles of growth factors in the cell cycle. Check all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A)  They act as repair proteins that fix DNA damage in the cell. 
B)  Growth factors bind to a receptor and initiate a signal cascade in the cell. 
C)  Their binding changes gene transcription. 
D)  They allow the cell to progress through the cell cycle. 
A)  They act as repair proteins that fix DNA damage in the cell. 
B)  Growth factors bind to a receptor and initiate a signal cascade in the cell. 
C)  Their binding changes gene transcription. 
D)  They allow the cell to progress through the cell cycle.

Question 11

Select the events that must occur for inherited retinoblastoma to develop. Check all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A)  An individual must have two mutated copies of the Rb gene. 
B)  The p53 gene must be mutated. 
C)  E2F is no longer regulated by Rb. 
D)  The cell proceeds uncontrolled through cell division. 
A)  An individual must have two mutated copies of the Rb gene. 
B)  The p53 gene must be mutated. 
C)  E2F is no longer regulated by Rb. 
D)  The cell proceeds uncontrolled through cell division.

Question 12

What diseases are caused by prions? Check all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A)  Phenylketonuria 
B)  Creutzfeldt-Jacob disease 
C)  Gerstmann-Straussler-Scheinker disease 
D)  Familial fatal insomnia 
A)  Phenylketonuria 
B)  Creutzfeldt-Jacob disease 
C)  Gerstmann-Straussler-Scheinker disease 
D)  Familial fatal insomnia

Question 13

You are working in a lab where you are studying a disease that is known to be caused by a single nucleotide change, although the effect this change ultimately has on the protein's structure/function is unknown. You have DNA samples from multiple patients that you suspect of having this disease. What is the most efficient way to test the samples for the relevant mutation?

Accepted Answer

A)  Western blotting 
B)  DNA sequencing 
C)  Karyotyping 
D)  Amniocentesis 
A)  Western blotting 
B)  DNA sequencing 
C)  Karyotyping 
D)  Amniocentesis

Question 14

Cancer is considered clonal because daughter cells from a cancer cell have the same genetic makeup as the parent cell.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Haplotypes between homologs in the same individual ________; haplotypes for the same chromosome in different individuals ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  are always the same; are always different 
B)  can be the same or different; can be the same or different 
C)  are always the same; can be the same or different 
D)  can be the same or different; are always different 
A)  are always the same; are always different 
B)  can be the same or different; can be the same or different 
C)  are always the same; can be the same or different 
D)  can be the same or different; are always different

Question 16

A disease that can be caused by mutations in different genes is said to have homogeneity.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

When are caspases active?

Accepted Answer

A)  The normal cell cycle 
B)  Apotosis 
C)  Viral integration 
D)  DNA replication 
A)  The normal cell cycle 
B)  Apotosis 
C)  Viral integration 
D)  DNA replication

Question 18

In a disease that is caused by a single gene, the concordance among monozygotic twins should be ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  0% 
B)  25% 
C)  50% 
D)  75% 
E)  100% 
A)  0% 
B)  25% 
C)  50% 
D)  75% 
E)  100%

Question 19

Which test provides the earliest indication of genetic problems in a fetus?

Accepted Answer

A)  Amniocentesis 
B)  Chorionic villus sampling 
C)  Both provide reliable indications at the same stage of development 
A)  Amniocentesis 
B)  Chorionic villus sampling 
C)  Both provide reliable indications at the same stage of development

Question 20

The first acutely transforming virus to be isolated was ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  RSV in chickens 
B)  Hepatitis B in humans 
C)  SSV in monkeys 
D)  ALV in mice 
E)  SV40 in humans 
A)  RSV in chickens 
B)  Hepatitis B in humans 
C)  SSV in monkeys 
D)  ALV in mice 
E)  SV40 in humans

Exam 25: Medical Genetics and Cancer

A gene that promotes the development of cancer is called a(n) ________.

An oncogene may promote cancer by keeping the cell growth pathway in the off position.

After genetic testing, a person is identified with an inherited mutation associated with a specific class of cancer. Select the statements that are true about this person. Check all that apply.

The term that indicates that cancer has begun to migrate to other parts of the body is ________.

Dizygotic twins share ________ of their genetic information.

An oncogene form of Ras would have ________.

Prions can contain either DNA or RNA as their genetic material.

The process of ________ removes amniotic fluid from a pregnant mother to examine fetal cells for genetic problems.

What prion conformation may result in a prion-related infection?

Indicate the roles of growth factors in the cell cycle. Check all that apply.

Select the events that must occur for inherited retinoblastoma to develop. Check all that apply.

What diseases are caused by prions? Check all that apply.

Cancer is considered clonal because daughter cells from a cancer cell have the same genetic makeup as the parent cell.

Haplotypes between homologs in the same individual ________; haplotypes for the same chromosome in different individuals ________.

A disease that can be caused by mutations in different genes is said to have homogeneity.

When are caspases active?

In a disease that is caused by a single gene, the concordance among monozygotic twins should be ________.

Which test provides the earliest indication of genetic problems in a fetus?

The first acutely transforming virus to be isolated was ________.

Overview of Genetics

Mendelian Inheritance

Chromosome Transmission During Cell Division and Sexual Reproduction

Extensions of Mendelian Inheritance

Non-Mendelian Inheritance

Genetic Linkage and Mapping in Eukaryotes

Genetic Transfer and Mapping in Bacteria

Variation in Chromosome Structure and Number

Molecular Structure of Dna and Rna

Chromosome Organization and Molecular Structure

Dna Replication

Gene Transcription and Rna Modification

Translation of Mrna

Gene Regulation in Bacteria

Gene Regulation in Eukaryotes I: Transcriptional and Translation Regulation

Gene Regulation in Eukaryotes Ii: Epigenetics

Non-Coding Rnas

Genetics of Viruses

Gene Mutation and Dna Repair

Recombination, Immunogenetics, and Transposition

Molecular Technologies

Biotechnology

Genomics I: Analysis of Dna

Genomics Ii: Functional Genomics, Proteomics, and Bioinformatics

Developmental Genetics

Population Genetics

Complex and Quantitative Traits

Evolutionary Genetics

Filters

Haplotypes between homologs in the same individual ; haplotypes for the same chromosome in different individuals .