Question 1

What types of amino acids are most responsible for the binding of DNA to histones?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hydrophobic amino acids 
B)  Polar amino acids 
C)  Positively charged amino acids 
D)  Negatively charged amino acids 
A)  Hydrophobic amino acids 
B)  Polar amino acids 
C)  Positively charged amino acids 
D)  Negatively charged amino acids C

Question 2

Which of the following is correctly matched with its description?

Accepted Answer

A)  Highly repetitive DNA contains transposable elements and genes that are expressed in abundance and thus have many copies. 
B)  Moderately repetitive DNA contains unique sequences, such as genes found in one or a few copies. 
C)  Nonrepetitive DNA is composed of thousands of copies of many short repeats. 
D)  Moderately repetitive DNA contains retro elements, such as the Alu sequence. 
E)  Moderately repetitive DNA contains transposable elements and genes that are expressed in abundance and thus have many copies. 
A)  Highly repetitive DNA contains transposable elements and genes that are expressed in abundance and thus have many copies. 
B)  Moderately repetitive DNA contains unique sequences, such as genes found in one or a few copies. 
C)  Nonrepetitive DNA is composed of thousands of copies of many short repeats. 
D)  Moderately repetitive DNA contains retro elements, such as the Alu sequence. 
E)  Moderately repetitive DNA contains transposable elements and genes that are expressed in abundance and thus have many copies. E

Question 3

About how many bases of DNA wrap around a histone complex?

Accepted Answer

A)   1,000 
A)   1,000 B

Question 4

Which of the following assists the alignment of sister chromatids during metaphase?

Accepted Answer

A)  Radial loop domains 
B)  Cohesin 
C)  Centromeres 
D)  Nucleosomes 
E)  Condensin 
A)  Radial loop domains 
B)  Cohesin 
C)  Centromeres 
D)  Nucleosomes 
E)  Condensin

Question 5

Turning the DNA helix to the right causes

Accepted Answer

A)  positive supercoiling. 
B)  overwinding. 
C)  All of the answers are correct. 
A)  positive supercoiling. 
B)  overwinding. 
C)  All of the answers are correct.

Question 6

The function of condensin is to

Accepted Answer

A)  cause the chromosomes to uncompact following mitosis. 
B)  coat the chromosomes and condense them into heterochromatin through the compaction of radial loops. 
C)  hold the DNA to the histone proteins in the nucleosome core particle. 
D)  trigger DNA to be compacted in a nucleosome core particle. 
E)  None of the answers are correct. 
A)  cause the chromosomes to uncompact following mitosis. 
B)  coat the chromosomes and condense them into heterochromatin through the compaction of radial loops. 
C)  hold the DNA to the histone proteins in the nucleosome core particle. 
D)  trigger DNA to be compacted in a nucleosome core particle. 
E)  None of the answers are correct.

Question 7

An Alu sequence is an example of what?

Accepted Answer

A)  Retroelement 
B)  Transposable element 
C)  Highly repetitive DNA 
D)  All of the answers are correct 
A)  Retroelement 
B)  Transposable element 
C)  Highly repetitive DNA 
D)  All of the answers are correct

Question 8

Unique sequences make up approximately what percent of the human genome?

Accepted Answer

A)  5% 
B)  25% 
C)  40% 
D)  80% 
A)  5% 
B)  25% 
C)  40% 
D)  80%

Question 9

How many types of histone proteins are there?

Accepted Answer

A)  4 
B)  5 
C)  7 
D)  8 
A)  4 
B)  5 
C)  7 
D)  8

Question 10

The majority of bacterial DNA is negatively super coiled.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

The is a strong relationship between organism complexity and genome size in eukaryotes

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Loop domains in prokaryotes involve how many base pairs?

Accepted Answer

A)  10,000 
B)  100,000 
C)  1000 
D)  50,000 
A)  10,000 
B)  100,000 
C)  1000 
D)  50,000

Question 13

Negative Supercoiling in bacteria

Accepted Answer

A)  makes the chromosomal DNA more compact. 
B)  creates tension because of the underwinding of the DNA. 
C)  can promote DNA strand separations in small regions. 
D)  All of the answers are correct. 
A)  makes the chromosomal DNA more compact. 
B)  creates tension because of the underwinding of the DNA. 
C)  can promote DNA strand separations in small regions. 
D)  All of the answers are correct.

Question 14

Which of the following is not part of the structure of the nucleosome core particle?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is composed of an octamer of proteins. 
B)  There is a linker region between two nucleosomes of about 200 base pairs. 
C)  There are two copies each of H2A, H2B, H3 and H4. 
D)  The DNA is wrapped around the core slightly over two complete turns. 
E)  The DNA wrapped around the core contains 146-147 base pairs. 
A)  It is composed of an octamer of proteins. 
B)  There is a linker region between two nucleosomes of about 200 base pairs. 
C)  There are two copies each of H2A, H2B, H3 and H4. 
D)  The DNA is wrapped around the core slightly over two complete turns. 
E)  The DNA wrapped around the core contains 146-147 base pairs.

Question 15

Over winding of the DNA decreases the number of turns in the double helix, and thus results in super coils in the DNA.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

How many origins of replication are there in bacteria?

Accepted Answer

A)  0 
B)  1 
C)  2 
D)  More than two 
A)  0 
B)  1 
C)  2 
D)  More than two

Question 17

The term genome refers to the complete complement of sequences and genes that an organism possesses.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Each radial loop domain may contain between 10 and 100 base pairs of DNA.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

What is the purpose of MARs and SARs?

Accepted Answer

A)  To bind to the nuclear matrix 
B)  To form loop structure 
C)  To condense DNA 
D)  All of the answers are correct 
A)  To bind to the nuclear matrix 
B)  To form loop structure 
C)  To condense DNA 
D)  All of the answers are correct

Question 20

What is a mechanism of condensation shared by both prokaryotes and eukaryotes?

Accepted Answer

A)  Nucleosomes 
B)  Loop domains 
C)  30 nm fiber 
D)  None of the answers are correct 
A)  Nucleosomes 
B)  Loop domains 
C)  30 nm fiber 
D)  None of the answers are correct

Exam 10: Chromosome Organization and Molecular Structure

What types of amino acids are most responsible for the binding of DNA to histones?

Which of the following is correctly matched with its description?

About how many bases of DNA wrap around a histone complex?

Which of the following assists the alignment of sister chromatids during metaphase?

Turning the DNA helix to the right causes

The function of condensin is to

An Alu sequence is an example of what?

Unique sequences make up approximately what percent of the human genome?

How many types of histone proteins are there?

The majority of bacterial DNA is negatively super coiled.

The is a strong relationship between organism complexity and genome size in eukaryotes

Loop domains in prokaryotes involve how many base pairs?

Negative Supercoiling in bacteria

Which of the following is not part of the structure of the nucleosome core particle?

Over winding of the DNA decreases the number of turns in the double helix, and thus results in super coils in the DNA.

How many origins of replication are there in bacteria?

The term genome refers to the complete complement of sequences and genes that an organism possesses.

Each radial loop domain may contain between 10 and 100 base pairs of DNA.

What is the purpose of MARs and SARs?

What is a mechanism of condensation shared by both prokaryotes and eukaryotes?

Overview of Genetics

Mendelian Inheritance

Chromosome Transmission During Cell Division and Sexual Reproduction

Extensions of Mendelian Inheritance

Non-Mendelian Inheritance

Genetic Linkage and Mapping in Eukaryotes

Genetic Transfer and Mapping in Bacteria

Variation in Chromosome Structure and Number

Molecular Structure of Dna and Rna

Dna Replication

Gene Transcription and Rna Modification

Translation of Mrna

Gene Regulation in Bacteria

Gene Regulation in Eukaryotes I: Transcriptional and Translation Regulation

Gene Regulation in Eukaryotes Ii: Epigenetics

Non-Coding Rnas

Genetics of Viruses

Gene Mutation and Dna Repair

Recombination, Immunogenetics, and Transposition

Molecular Technologies

Biotechnology

Genomics I: Analysis of Dna

Genomics Ii: Functional Genomics, Proteomics, and Bioinformatics

Medical Genetics and Cancer

Developmental Genetics

Population Genetics

Complex and Quantitative Traits

Evolutionary Genetics

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