Question 1

Mutations generated during site-directed mutagenesis occur randomly in the genome.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 2

What is one component that is needed to perform a PCR?

Accepted Answer

A)  Primers 
B)  DNA ligase 
C)  RNA polymerase 
D)  Restriction enzymes 
A)  Primers 
B)  DNA ligase 
C)  RNA polymerase 
D)  Restriction enzymes A

Question 3

R factors typically contain genes for antibiotic resistance.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 4

Which of the following is a step in a PCR?

Accepted Answer

A)  DNA is cooled to a temperature at which the hydrogen bonds holding the strands break. 
B)  The primers anneal to the complementary sequences on the template DNA. 
C)  DNA gyrase enzyme relieves the supercoiling ahead of the replication fork. 
D)  The DNase I synthesizes a new strand of DNA that is complementary to the template DNA. 
A)  DNA is cooled to a temperature at which the hydrogen bonds holding the strands break. 
B)  The primers anneal to the complementary sequences on the template DNA. 
C)  DNA gyrase enzyme relieves the supercoiling ahead of the replication fork. 
D)  The DNase I synthesizes a new strand of DNA that is complementary to the template DNA.

Question 5

What is one technique that is used to identify a specific protein in a mixture of different proteins?

Accepted Answer

A)  Western blotting 
B)  Northern blotting 
C)  Southern blotting 
D)  Eastern blotting 
A)  Western blotting 
B)  Northern blotting 
C)  Southern blotting 
D)  Eastern blotting

Question 6

What function does a competent cell have that makes it useful in cloning experiments?

Accepted Answer

A)  Competent cells resist transfection by a viral vector. 
B)  Competent cells repair DNA strands without the aid of DNA ligase. 
C)  Competent cells utilize transposons as a vector. 
D)  Competent cells take up DNA from the external environment. 
A)  Competent cells resist transfection by a viral vector. 
B)  Competent cells repair DNA strands without the aid of DNA ligase. 
C)  Competent cells utilize transposons as a vector. 
D)  Competent cells take up DNA from the external environment.

Question 7

What is a DNA library?

Accepted Answer

A)  A collection of vectors, each containing a fragment of the original genome 
B)  A complete sequence of the genetic material in an organism 
C)  An electronic file that may be used for additional genetic analysis 
D)  A collection of mRNA from a given cell 
A)  A collection of vectors, each containing a fragment of the original genome 
B)  A complete sequence of the genetic material in an organism 
C)  An electronic file that may be used for additional genetic analysis 
D)  A collection of mRNA from a given cell

Question 8

Molecular biologists use restriction enzymes to amplify a specific section of DNA within the genome.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

The presence of a specific plasmid in a bacterial cell may be determined if the plasmid ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  is exceptionally large 
B)  is an expression vector 
C)  contains pieces of a viral genome 
D)  contains a selectable marker 
A)  is exceptionally large 
B)  is an expression vector 
C)  contains pieces of a viral genome 
D)  contains a selectable marker

Question 10

What is the purpose of RNaseH in the making of cDNA?

Accepted Answer

A)  It copies the mRNA into a complementary DNA strand. 
B)  It reforms the sugar-phosphate backbone. 
C)  It generates short RNAs that are used as primers. 
D)  It proofreads the cDNA for errors. 
A)  It copies the mRNA into a complementary DNA strand. 
B)  It reforms the sugar-phosphate backbone. 
C)  It generates short RNAs that are used as primers. 
D)  It proofreads the cDNA for errors.

Question 11

A cDNA library differs from a genomic DNA library in which way?

Accepted Answer

A)  It consists solely of RNA molecules 
B)  It contains many copies of the gene of interest 
C)  It contains only coding sequences, not introns 
D)  It is typically 10-100 times the size of a DNA library 
A)  It consists solely of RNA molecules 
B)  It contains many copies of the gene of interest 
C)  It contains only coding sequences, not introns 
D)  It is typically 10-100 times the size of a DNA library

Question 12

Antibodies can be used as a probe for which technique?

Accepted Answer

A)  Western blotting 
B)  Northern blotting 
C)  Southern blotting 
D)  Eastern blotting 
A)  Western blotting 
B)  Northern blotting 
C)  Southern blotting 
D)  Eastern blotting

Question 13

In a cloning experiment, you use a vector that contains a lacZ gene near the unique restriction site. If the competent cells are grown on X-Gal and IPTG, which colonies would contain chromosomal DNA?

Accepted Answer

A)  The white colonies 
B)  The blue colonies 
C)  Half the total colonies 
D)  None of the colonies 
A)  The white colonies 
B)  The blue colonies 
C)  Half the total colonies 
D)  None of the colonies

Question 14

A vector is a small segment of DNA that a gene of interest is inserted into for cloning.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

cDNA is made using what as the starting material?

Accepted Answer

A)  plasmid vectors 
B)  viral DNA 
C)  chromosomal DNA 
D)  mRNA 
A)  plasmid vectors 
B)  viral DNA 
C)  chromosomal DNA 
D)  mRNA

Question 16

A plasmid that contains separate origins of replication for two different species is called a(n) ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  R factor 
B)  expression vector 
C)  viral vector 
D)  shuttle vector 
A)  R factor 
B)  expression vector 
C)  viral vector 
D)  shuttle vector

Question 17

What occurs during the annealing stage of a PCR reaction?

Accepted Answer

A)  The DNA strands separate 
B)  The DNA polymerase copies the template DNA 
C)  The primers bind to complementary sequences of the template DNA 
D)  The reaction stops 
A)  The DNA strands separate 
B)  The DNA polymerase copies the template DNA 
C)  The primers bind to complementary sequences of the template DNA 
D)  The reaction stops

Question 18

You are using CRISPR-Cas technology to introduce a single nucleotide change in a gene of interest in living cells. You are designing your experiment. In which component of the reaction will you engineer the single nucleotide change?

Accepted Answer

A)  Donor DNA 
B)  Spacer RNA 
C)  Repeat RNA 
D)  Linker RNA 
E)  tracrRNA 
A)  Donor DNA 
B)  Spacer RNA 
C)  Repeat RNA 
D)  Linker RNA 
E)  tracrRNA

Question 19

What contains both vector DNA and chromosomal DNA?

Accepted Answer

A)  recircularized vectors 
B)  recombinant vectors 
C)  open vectors 
A)  recircularized vectors 
B)  recombinant vectors 
C)  open vectors

Question 20

Small circular pieces of bacterial DNA that are used as vectors in cloning experiments are called ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  phages 
B)  viruses 
C)  plasmids 
D)  chromosomes 
A)  phages 
B)  viruses 
C)  plasmids 
D)  chromosomes

Exam 21: Molecular Technologies

Mutations generated during site-directed mutagenesis occur randomly in the genome.

What is one component that is needed to perform a PCR?

R factors typically contain genes for antibiotic resistance.

Which of the following is a step in a PCR?

What is one technique that is used to identify a specific protein in a mixture of different proteins?

What function does a competent cell have that makes it useful in cloning experiments?

What is a DNA library?

Molecular biologists use restriction enzymes to amplify a specific section of DNA within the genome.

The presence of a specific plasmid in a bacterial cell may be determined if the plasmid ________.

What is the purpose of RNaseH in the making of cDNA?

A cDNA library differs from a genomic DNA library in which way?

Antibodies can be used as a probe for which technique?

In a cloning experiment, you use a vector that contains a lacZ gene near the unique restriction site. If the competent cells are grown on X-Gal and IPTG, which colonies would contain chromosomal DNA?

A vector is a small segment of DNA that a gene of interest is inserted into for cloning.

cDNA is made using what as the starting material?

A plasmid that contains separate origins of replication for two different species is called a(n) ________.

What occurs during the annealing stage of a PCR reaction?

You are using CRISPR-Cas technology to introduce a single nucleotide change in a gene of interest in living cells. You are designing your experiment. In which component of the reaction will you engineer the single nucleotide change?

What contains both vector DNA and chromosomal DNA?

Small circular pieces of bacterial DNA that are used as vectors in cloning experiments are called ________.

Overview of Genetics

Mendelian Inheritance

Chromosome Transmission During Cell Division and Sexual Reproduction

Extensions of Mendelian Inheritance

Non-Mendelian Inheritance

Genetic Linkage and Mapping in Eukaryotes

Genetic Transfer and Mapping in Bacteria

Variation in Chromosome Structure and Number

Molecular Structure of Dna and Rna

Chromosome Organization and Molecular Structure

Dna Replication

Gene Transcription and Rna Modification

Translation of Mrna

Gene Regulation in Bacteria

Gene Regulation in Eukaryotes I: Transcriptional and Translation Regulation

Gene Regulation in Eukaryotes Ii: Epigenetics

Non-Coding Rnas

Genetics of Viruses

Gene Mutation and Dna Repair

Recombination, Immunogenetics, and Transposition

Biotechnology

Genomics I: Analysis of Dna

Genomics Ii: Functional Genomics, Proteomics, and Bioinformatics

Medical Genetics and Cancer

Developmental Genetics

Population Genetics

Complex and Quantitative Traits

Evolutionary Genetics

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