Question 1

The RNA transcript is complimentary to

Accepted Answer

A)  Regulatory sequences 
B)  Termination sequences 
C)  The coding strand of DNA 
D)  The template strand of DNA 
A)  Regulatory sequences 
B)  Termination sequences 
C)  The coding strand of DNA 
D)  The template strand of DNA D

Question 2

What sequences are not considered to be regulatory elements?

Accepted Answer

A)  Enhancers 
B)  Silencers 
C)  Core promoters 
D)  Cis-acting elements 
E)  General transcription factors 
A)  Enhancers 
B)  Silencers 
C)  Core promoters 
D)  Cis-acting elements 
E)  General transcription factors E

Question 3

The holozyme is formed when the core enzyme associates with

Accepted Answer

A)  Start codons 
B)  b 
C)  b' 
D)  σ 
E)  a 
A)  Start codons 
B)  b 
C)  b' 
D)  σ 
E)  a D

Question 4

In the process of RNA editing adenine or cytosine may be deaminated and the result is

Accepted Answer

A)  Adenine is changed to inosine and cytosine is changed to thymidine 
B)  Although both bases are covalently changed there is no alteration in the tRNAs the modified bases may engage 
C)  The new bases effectively result in new codons 
D)  Answers A and C are correct (B is incorrect) 
E)  Answers A and B are correct (C is incorrect) 
A)  Adenine is changed to inosine and cytosine is changed to thymidine 
B)  Although both bases are covalently changed there is no alteration in the tRNAs the modified bases may engage 
C)  The new bases effectively result in new codons 
D)  Answers A and C are correct (B is incorrect) 
E)  Answers A and B are correct (C is incorrect)

Question 5

Which region of DNA contains the coding information for a protein in a eukaryote?

Accepted Answer

A)  Exons 
B)  Introns 
C)  Enhancers 
D)  Promoters 
A)  Exons 
B)  Introns 
C)  Enhancers 
D)  Promoters

Question 6

What is unusual about the 5' cap found on almost all eukaryotic mRNAs?

Accepted Answer

A)  The nucleotide added is a guanine methylated at N7 and the bond is created between the phosphate group on the guanine and the phosphate on the terminal nucleotide 
B)  The nucleotide added is a guanine methylated at N7 and the bond is a typical phosphodiester bond with the terminal nucleotide 
C)  The nucleotide added is an adenine methylated at N7 and the bond is created between the phosphate group on the guanine and the phosphate on the terminal nucleotide 
D)  The nucleotide added is an adenine methylated at N7 and the bond is typical phosphodiester bond with the terminal nucleotide 
A)  The nucleotide added is a guanine methylated at N7 and the bond is created between the phosphate group on the guanine and the phosphate on the terminal nucleotide 
B)  The nucleotide added is a guanine methylated at N7 and the bond is a typical phosphodiester bond with the terminal nucleotide 
C)  The nucleotide added is an adenine methylated at N7 and the bond is created between the phosphate group on the guanine and the phosphate on the terminal nucleotide 
D)  The nucleotide added is an adenine methylated at N7 and the bond is typical phosphodiester bond with the terminal nucleotide

Question 7

In eukaryotes, enhancers must be close to the promoter to have an effect

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

In bacterial RNA polymerase, the catalytic subunits are Beta and Beta'

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

The consensus sequences are 5'TTGACA3' and 5'TATAAT3' at -35 and -10 respectively. Which of the following would be most easily recognized by σ factor?

Accepted Answer

A)  5'TTGAAA3' 
B)  5'TAAATT3' 
C)  5'TATATA3' 
D)  5'TTCAGA3' 
A)  5'TTGAAA3' 
B)  5'TAAATT3' 
C)  5'TATATA3' 
D)  5'TTCAGA3'

Question 10

A mutation in TFIIIE could result in

Accepted Answer

A)  a failure of the RNA polymerase to bind to TFIIB 
B)  a failure of the RNA polymerase to maintain an closed complex 
C)  a failure of the RNA polymerase to maintain an open complex 
D)  no effect on transcription 
A)  a failure of the RNA polymerase to bind to TFIIB 
B)  a failure of the RNA polymerase to maintain an closed complex 
C)  a failure of the RNA polymerase to maintain an open complex 
D)  no effect on transcription

Question 11

What enables the splicing of group I and II introns?

Accepted Answer

A)  Spliceosomes 
B)  Ribozymes 
C)  snRNA 
D)  Poly-A tail 
A)  Spliceosomes 
B)  Ribozymes 
C)  snRNA 
D)  Poly-A tail

Question 12

Because of alternative splicing, a pre-mRNA could generate a dozen different mRNAs

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

What is the correct order of elements that comprise a functional protein encoding gene in a prokaryote?

Accepted Answer

A)  Promoter, regulatory region, transcribed region, terminator 
B)  Regulatory region, promoter, transcribed region, terminator 
C)  Regulatory region, promoter, terminator, transcribed region 
D)  Promoter, transcribed region, regulatory region, terminator 
A)  Promoter, regulatory region, transcribed region, terminator 
B)  Regulatory region, promoter, transcribed region, terminator 
C)  Regulatory region, promoter, terminator, transcribed region 
D)  Promoter, transcribed region, regulatory region, terminator

Question 14

What is a mechanism by which tRNA is processed in E. coli?

Accepted Answer

A)  RNaseP acts as an endonuclease 
B)  The recognition sequence of RNaseD is 3'CCA5' 
C)  RNAseD acts as an endonuclease 
D)  tRNA is not processed in E. coli 
A)  RNaseP acts as an endonuclease 
B)  The recognition sequence of RNaseD is 3'CCA5' 
C)  RNAseD acts as an endonuclease 
D)  tRNA is not processed in E. coli

Question 15

In prokaryotes elongation requires the release of the sigma factor, while in eukaryotes the Mediator is involved.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Which RNA encodes the sequence of amino acids for a functional protein?

Accepted Answer

A)  tRNA 
B)  snRNA 
C)  mRNA 
D)  rRNA 
E)  scRNA 
A)  tRNA 
B)  snRNA 
C)  mRNA 
D)  rRNA 
E)  scRNA

Question 17

A gene that undergoes rho-dependent termination has a mutation in the rut site. How will this influence transcriptional activity?

Accepted Answer

A)  Transcription will terminate normally as Rho termination relies on the rut site to enhance termination; it is not essential for termination 
B)  Transcription will stop immediately because RNA polymerase will sense there is a mutation 
C)  Transcription will continue until another termination sequence, either Rho dependent or independent is reached 
D)  There will be no transcription initiation 
A)  Transcription will terminate normally as Rho termination relies on the rut site to enhance termination; it is not essential for termination 
B)  Transcription will stop immediately because RNA polymerase will sense there is a mutation 
C)  Transcription will continue until another termination sequence, either Rho dependent or independent is reached 
D)  There will be no transcription initiation

Question 18

What do both the rho-dependent and rho-independent mechanisms of termination have in common?

Accepted Answer

A)  Terminate transcription immediately after the stop codon 
B)  A sequence rich with A-U base pairs 
C)  Both require a helicase to separate the DNA-RNA complex 
D)  Formation of a stem-loop structure 
A)  Terminate transcription immediately after the stop codon 
B)  A sequence rich with A-U base pairs 
C)  Both require a helicase to separate the DNA-RNA complex 
D)  Formation of a stem-loop structure

Question 19

What is the difference between the allosteric and torpedo models of eukaryotic transcriptional termination?

Accepted Answer

A)  The allosteric model is that RNA pol II becomes destabilized after transcription of the poly A signal sequence while the torpedo model is that the polymerase is physically removed from the DNA 
B)  The torpedo model is that RNA pol II becomes destabilized after transcription of the poly A signal sequence while the allosteric model is that the polymerase is physically removed from the DNA 
C)  The allosteric model is that RNA pol II becomes destabilized after transcription of the stop codon sequence while the torpedo model is that the polymerase is physically removed from the DNA 
D)  The torpedo model is that RNA pol II becomes destabilized after transcription of the stop codon while the allosteric model is that the polymerase is physically removed from the DNA 
E)  The only difference between the two models is the proteins that are involved in removing the RNA pol II from the DNA 
A)  The allosteric model is that RNA pol II becomes destabilized after transcription of the poly A signal sequence while the torpedo model is that the polymerase is physically removed from the DNA 
B)  The torpedo model is that RNA pol II becomes destabilized after transcription of the poly A signal sequence while the allosteric model is that the polymerase is physically removed from the DNA 
C)  The allosteric model is that RNA pol II becomes destabilized after transcription of the stop codon sequence while the torpedo model is that the polymerase is physically removed from the DNA 
D)  The torpedo model is that RNA pol II becomes destabilized after transcription of the stop codon while the allosteric model is that the polymerase is physically removed from the DNA 
E)  The only difference between the two models is the proteins that are involved in removing the RNA pol II from the DNA

Question 20

The formation of open complex usually forms in GC rich regions of DNA due to the decreased number of hydrogen bonds.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 12: Gene Transcription and Rna Modification

The RNA transcript is complimentary to

What sequences are not considered to be regulatory elements?

The holozyme is formed when the core enzyme associates with

In the process of RNA editing adenine or cytosine may be deaminated and the result is

Which region of DNA contains the coding information for a protein in a eukaryote?

What is unusual about the 5' cap found on almost all eukaryotic mRNAs?

In eukaryotes, enhancers must be close to the promoter to have an effect

In bacterial RNA polymerase, the catalytic subunits are Beta and Beta'

The consensus sequences are 5'TTGACA3' and 5'TATAAT3' at -35 and -10 respectively. Which of the following would be most easily recognized by σ factor?

A mutation in TFIIIE could result in

What enables the splicing of group I and II introns?

Because of alternative splicing, a pre-mRNA could generate a dozen different mRNAs

What is the correct order of elements that comprise a functional protein encoding gene in a prokaryote?

What is a mechanism by which tRNA is processed in E. coli?

In prokaryotes elongation requires the release of the sigma factor, while in eukaryotes the Mediator is involved.

Which RNA encodes the sequence of amino acids for a functional protein?

A gene that undergoes rho-dependent termination has a mutation in the rut site. How will this influence transcriptional activity?

What do both the rho-dependent and rho-independent mechanisms of termination have in common?

What is the difference between the allosteric and torpedo models of eukaryotic transcriptional termination?

The formation of open complex usually forms in GC rich regions of DNA due to the decreased number of hydrogen bonds.

Overview of Genetics

Mendelian Inheritance

Chromosome Transmission During Cell Division and Sexual Reproduction

Extensions of Mendelian Inheritance

Non-Mendelian Inheritance

Genetic Linkage and Mapping in Eukaryotes

Genetic Transfer and Mapping in Bacteria

Variation in Chromosome Structure and Number

Molecular Structure of Dna and Rna

Chromosome Organization and Molecular Structure

Dna Replication

Translation of Mrna

Gene Regulation in Bacteria

Gene Regulation in Eukaryotes I: Transcriptional and Translation Regulation

Gene Regulation in Eukaryotes Ii: Epigenetics

Non-Coding Rnas

Genetics of Viruses

Gene Mutation and Dna Repair

Recombination, Immunogenetics, and Transposition

Molecular Technologies

Biotechnology

Genomics I: Analysis of Dna

Genomics Ii: Functional Genomics, Proteomics, and Bioinformatics

Medical Genetics and Cancer

Developmental Genetics

Population Genetics

Complex and Quantitative Traits

Evolutionary Genetics

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