Question 1

Which of the following would you predict for an allosteric enzyme?

Accepted Answer

A) An increase in the concentration of substrate molecules could activate the enzyme. 
B) Inhibitors would bind at the active site. 
C) A downstream product later in the pathway could inactivate the enzyme. 
D) A downstream enzyme later in the pathway could inhibit the allosteric enzyme. 
E) An allosteric inhibitor could cause a conformational change in the enzyme that decreases its activity. 
A) An increase in the concentration of substrate molecules could activate the enzyme. 
B) Inhibitors would bind at the active site. 
C) A downstream product later in the pathway could inactivate the enzyme. 
D) A downstream enzyme later in the pathway could inhibit the allosteric enzyme. 
E) An allosteric inhibitor could cause a conformational change in the enzyme that decreases its activity.

Question 2

Which of the following is an example of anabolism?

Accepted Answer

A) production of acids 
B) combining glucose molecules to form glycogen 
C) hydrolysis of starch 
D) breaking down glucose into two molecules of pyruvate 
E) shivering to generate heat 
A) production of acids 
B) combining glucose molecules to form glycogen 
C) hydrolysis of starch 
D) breaking down glucose into two molecules of pyruvate 
E) shivering to generate heat

Question 3

Enzymes are MOST often:

Accepted Answer

A) carbohydrates. 
B) triglycerides. 
C) sterols. 
D) proteins. 
E) nucleotides. 
A) carbohydrates. 
B) triglycerides. 
C) sterols. 
D) proteins. 
E) nucleotides.

Question 4

The ATP molecule contains:

Accepted Answer

A) glucose. 
B) glutamic acid. 
C) only one phosphate group. 
D) ribose. 
E) deoxyribose. 
A) glucose. 
B) glutamic acid. 
C) only one phosphate group. 
D) ribose. 
E) deoxyribose.

Question 5

Which of the following statements is a consequence of the second law of thermodynamics?

Accepted Answer

A) The energy of the starting materials for a reaction will equal the sum of energies of the products plus energy released as heat and disorder. 
B) The amount of useable energy resulting from a reaction will always be less than the total energy available in the starting materials. 
C) The entropy of the products of a reaction will always be greater than the entropy of the starting materials. 
D) The entropy of the starting materials for a reaction will always be greater than the entropy of the products 
A) The energy of the starting materials for a reaction will equal the sum of energies of the products plus energy released as heat and disorder. 
B) The amount of useable energy resulting from a reaction will always be less than the total energy available in the starting materials. 
C) The entropy of the products of a reaction will always be greater than the entropy of the starting materials. 
D) The entropy of the starting materials for a reaction will always be greater than the entropy of the products

Question 6

Which of the following is TRUE about exergonic reactions?

Accepted Answer

A) Exergonic reactions have a positive F1F1F1S1F1F1F10G. 
B) Exergonic reactions consume energy. 
C) Exergonic reactions are found only in biological systems. 
D) Exergonic reactions are catabolic. 
E) Exergonic reactions measure the strength of an ionic bond. 
A) Exergonic reactions have a positive F1F1F1S1F1F1F10G. 
B) Exergonic reactions consume energy. 
C) Exergonic reactions are found only in biological systems. 
D) Exergonic reactions are catabolic. 
E) Exergonic reactions measure the strength of an ionic bond.

Question 7

Which of the following statements is NOT one of the laws of thermodynamics?

Accepted Answer

A) All cells arise from pre-existing cells. 
B) The amount of energy in the universe is constant. 
C) The energy available to do work decreases as energy is transformed from one form to another. 
D) None of the other answer options is correct. 
A) All cells arise from pre-existing cells. 
B) The amount of energy in the universe is constant. 
C) The energy available to do work decreases as energy is transformed from one form to another. 
D) None of the other answer options is correct.

Question 8

Suppose you ignite a sheet of paper from your notebook using a match and allow the fire to burn until it dies out. If you could measure all the energy in the resulting combustion products, and all the energy in the heat released (including whatever increase in disorder has occurred), would you predict this amount to be more than, less than, or the same as the amount of potential energy in the sheet of paper you started with? (You should ignore the activation energy provided by the match to light the paper.)

Accepted Answer

A) more energy than the paper 
B) less energy than the paper 
C) the same energy as the paper 
A) more energy than the paper 
B) less energy than the paper 
C) the same energy as the paper

Question 9

The assembly of glucose into polysaccharides:

Accepted Answer

A) is an anabolic process. 
B) is a catabolic process. 
C) takes place in some plant cells but not in animal cells. 
D) takes place in some animal cells but not in plant cells. 
E) takes place in some plant cells and in some animal cells. 
A) is an anabolic process. 
B) is a catabolic process. 
C) takes place in some plant cells but not in animal cells. 
D) takes place in some animal cells but not in plant cells. 
E) takes place in some plant cells and in some animal cells.

Question 10

Which of the following statements describes the relationship between F1F1F1S1F1F1F10-galactosidase and F1F1F1S1F1F1F10-thiogalactoside?

Accepted Answer

A) They are synonyms for the same molecule. 
B) F1F1F1S1F1F1F10-galactosidase cleaves F1F1F1S1F1F1F10-thiogalactoside. 
C) F1F1F1S1F1F1F10-galactosidase is a precursor for synthesizing F1F1F1S1F1F1F10-thiogalactoside. 
D) F1F1F1S1F1F1F10-thiogalactoside is a precursor for synthesizing F1F1F1S1F1F1F10-galactosidase. 
E) F1F1F1S1F1F1F10-galactosidase binds to F1F1F1S1F1F1F10-thiogalactoside but is unable to cleave it. 
A) They are synonyms for the same molecule. 
B) F1F1F1S1F1F1F10-galactosidase cleaves F1F1F1S1F1F1F10-thiogalactoside. 
C) F1F1F1S1F1F1F10-galactosidase is a precursor for synthesizing F1F1F1S1F1F1F10-thiogalactoside. 
D) F1F1F1S1F1F1F10-thiogalactoside is a precursor for synthesizing F1F1F1S1F1F1F10-galactosidase. 
E) F1F1F1S1F1F1F10-galactosidase binds to F1F1F1S1F1F1F10-thiogalactoside but is unable to cleave it.

Question 11

The reactions in the pathways of glycolysis and the citric acid cycle break down glucose into smaller molecules. Therefore, these pathways:

Accepted Answer

A) are catabolic pathways. 
B) are anabolic pathways. 
C) take place in animal cells, but not in plant cells. 
D) involve the reduction of glucose and its metabolic intermediates. 
A) are catabolic pathways. 
B) are anabolic pathways. 
C) take place in animal cells, but not in plant cells. 
D) involve the reduction of glucose and its metabolic intermediates.

Question 12

_____ is required for an organism to do work.

Accepted Answer

The answer of _____ is required for an organism to...

Question 13

In the pathway leading from threonine to isoleucine, threonine dehydratase is _____ by an accumulation of isoleucine.

Accepted Answer

A) inhibited 
B) activated 
C) degraded 
D) caused to increase in number 
E) caused to decrease in number 
A) inhibited 
B) activated 
C) degraded 
D) caused to increase in number 
E) caused to decrease in number

Question 14

Synthesis of a protein is an example of a chemical reaction that is:

Accepted Answer

A) exergonic and catabolic. 
B) exergonic and anabolic. 
C) endergonic and catabolic. 
D) endergonic and anabolic. 
E) explosive. 
A) exergonic and catabolic. 
B) exergonic and anabolic. 
C) endergonic and catabolic. 
D) endergonic and anabolic. 
E) explosive.

Question 15

Converting glucose to glycogen:

Accepted Answer

A) requires energy. 
B) releases energy. 
C) requires diffusion of glycogen into a muscle cell. 
D) requires cellulose. 
E) requires sunlight. 
A) requires energy. 
B) releases energy. 
C) requires diffusion of glycogen into a muscle cell. 
D) requires cellulose. 
E) requires sunlight.

Question 16

As plant cells rely on energy obtained directly from the sun to carry out cellular processes, sugars are only used as backup energy sources for plants on cloudy days.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Which of the following is a component of an ATP molecule?

Accepted Answer

A) three phosphate groups 
B) ribose 
C) adenine 
A) three phosphate groups 
B) ribose 
C) adenine

Question 18

Which of the following examples is considered anabolism?

Accepted Answer

A) synthesis of new DNA copies prior to cell division 
B) hydrolysis of glycogen (a glucose polymer)during activity 
C) use of fat (triglyceride)stores as a cellular energy source 
D) a person losing weight on a calorie restriction diet 
E) fat cells growing bigger during times of ample nutrition 
A) synthesis of new DNA copies prior to cell division 
B) hydrolysis of glycogen (a glucose polymer)during activity 
C) use of fat (triglyceride)stores as a cellular energy source 
D) a person losing weight on a calorie restriction diet 
E) fat cells growing bigger during times of ample nutrition

Question 19

Which of the following elements is/are important in the transport of electrons?

Accepted Answer

A) sulfur 
B) iron 
C) manganese 
A) sulfur 
B) iron 
C) manganese

Question 20

The energy "currency" of a cell is/are:

Accepted Answer

A) ATP. 
B) glucose. 
C) glycogen. 
D) triglycerides. 
E) proteins. 
A) ATP. 
B) glucose. 
C) glycogen. 
D) triglycerides. 
E) proteins.

Exam 6: Making Life Work: Capturing and Using Energy

Which of the following would you predict for an allosteric enzyme?

Which of the following is an example of anabolism?

Enzymes are MOST often:

The ATP molecule contains:

Which of the following statements is a consequence of the second law of thermodynamics?

Which of the following is TRUE about exergonic reactions?

Which of the following statements is NOT one of the laws of thermodynamics?

The assembly of glucose into polysaccharides:

Which of the following statements describes the relationship between -galactosidase and -thiogalactoside?

The reactions in the pathways of glycolysis and the citric acid cycle break down glucose into smaller molecules. Therefore, these pathways:

_____ is required for an organism to do work.

In the pathway leading from threonine to isoleucine, threonine dehydratase is _____ by an accumulation of isoleucine.

Synthesis of a protein is an example of a chemical reaction that is:

Converting glucose to glycogen:

As plant cells rely on energy obtained directly from the sun to carry out cellular processes, sugars are only used as backup energy sources for plants on cloudy days.

Which of the following is a component of an ATP molecule?

Which of the following examples is considered anabolism?

Which of the following elements is/are important in the transport of electrons?

The energy "currency" of a cell is/are:

Life: Chemical, Cellular, and Evolutionary Foundations

The Molecules of Life

Nucleic Acids and Transcription

Translation and Protein Structure

Organizing Principles: Lipids, Membranes, and Cell Compartments

Cellular Respiration: Harvesting Energy From Carbohydrates and Other Fuel Molecules

Photosynthesis: Using Sunlight to Build Carbohydrates

Cell Signaling

Cell and Tissue Architecture: Cytoskeleton, Cell Junctions, and Extracellular Matrix

Cell Division: Variations, Regulation, and Cancer

Dna Replication and Manipulation

Genomes

Mutation and Dna Repair

Genetic Variation

Mendelian Inheritance

Inheritance of Sex Chromosomes, Linked Genes, and Organelles

The Genetic and Environmental Basis of Complex Traits

Genetic and Epigenetic Regulation

Genes and Development

Evolution: How Genotypes and Phenotypes Change Over Time

Species and Speciation

Evolutionary Patterns: Phylogeny and Fossils

Human Origins and Evolution

Cycling Carbon

Bacteria and Archaea

Eukaryotic Cells: Origins and Diversity

Being Multicellular

Plant Structure and Function: Moving Photosynthesis Onto Land

Plant Reproduction: Finding Mates and Dispersing Young

Plant Growth and Development

Plant Defense: Keeping the World Green

Plant Diversity

Fungi: Structure, Function, and Diversity

Animal Nervous Systems

Animal Sensory Systems and Brain Function

Animal Movement: Muscles and Skeletons

Animal Endocrine Systems

Animal Cardiovascular and Respiratory Systems

Animal Metabolism, Nutrition, and Digestion

Animal Renal Systems: Water and Waste

Animal Reproduction and Development

Animal Immune Systems

Animal Diversity

Animal Behavior

Population Ecology

Species Interactions, Communities, and Ecosystems

Biomes and Global Ecology

The Anthropocene: Humans As a Planetary Force

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