Question 1

Reactions in which there is a negative change in free energy (-F1F1F1S1F1F1F10G) are:

Accepted Answer

A) spontaneous and endergonic. 
B) spontaneous and exergonic. 
C) nonspontaneous and endergonic. 
D) nonspontaneous and exergonic. 
A) spontaneous and endergonic. 
B) spontaneous and exergonic. 
C) nonspontaneous and endergonic. 
D) nonspontaneous and exergonic.

Question 2

A cougar chases its prey. Running is a form of:

Accepted Answer

A) potential energy. 
B) kinetic energy. 
C) heat loss. 
D) entropy. 
E) chemical energy. 
A) potential energy. 
B) kinetic energy. 
C) heat loss. 
D) entropy. 
E) chemical energy.

Question 3

Which of the following is TRUE of an inhibitor that binds the active site of an enzyme?

Accepted Answer

A) These inhibitors compete with the substrate for the active site of the enzyme. 
B) These inhibitors are a kind of allosteric regulator that decreases enzyme activity. 
C) These inhibitors are structurally similar to the normal substrate of an enzyme. 
D) The effect of these inhibitors can be reduced by adding more substrate. 
E) These inhibitors increase the rate of enzyme activity. 
A) These inhibitors compete with the substrate for the active site of the enzyme. 
B) These inhibitors are a kind of allosteric regulator that decreases enzyme activity. 
C) These inhibitors are structurally similar to the normal substrate of an enzyme. 
D) The effect of these inhibitors can be reduced by adding more substrate. 
E) These inhibitors increase the rate of enzyme activity.

Question 4

Organic molecules store _____ energy in their _____ bonds.

Accepted Answer

A) potential; ionic 
B) potential; covalent 
C) kinetic; ionic 
D) kinetic; covalent 
E) kinetic; hydrogen 
A) potential; ionic 
B) potential; covalent 
C) kinetic; ionic 
D) kinetic; covalent 
E) kinetic; hydrogen

Question 5

ATP is chemically related MOST closely to which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A) glucose 
B) testosterone 
C) phospholipid 
D) guanine 
E) tryptophan 
A) glucose 
B) testosterone 
C) phospholipid 
D) guanine 
E) tryptophan

Question 6

A carbohydrate such as glucose has a great deal of _____ energy.

Accepted Answer

A) kinetic 
B) heat 
C) potential 
D) entropy 
E) work 
A) kinetic 
B) heat 
C) potential 
D) entropy 
E) work

Question 7

Which of the following reactions would you predict could be coupled to ATP synthesis from ADP + Pi?

Accepted Answer

A) creatine phosphate + H2O F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 creatine + Pi, F1F1F1S1F1F1F10G - 10.3 kcal/mol 
B) phosphoenolpyruvate + H2O F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 pyruvate + Pi, F1F1F1S1F1F1F10G - 14.8 kcal/mol 
C) glucose 6-phosphate + H2O F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 glucose + Pi, F1F1F1S1F1F1F10G - 3.3 kcal/mol 
D) glucose 1-phosphate + H2O F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 glucose + Pi, F1F1F1S1F1F1F10G - 5.0 kcal/mol 
E) glutamic acid + NH3 F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 glutamine, F1F1F1S1F1F1F10G + 3.4 kcal/mol 
A) creatine phosphate + H2O F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 creatine + Pi, F1F1F1S1F1F1F10G - 10.3 kcal/mol 
B) phosphoenolpyruvate + H2O F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 pyruvate + Pi, F1F1F1S1F1F1F10G - 14.8 kcal/mol 
C) glucose 6-phosphate + H2O F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 glucose + Pi, F1F1F1S1F1F1F10G - 3.3 kcal/mol 
D) glucose 1-phosphate + H2O F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 glucose + Pi, F1F1F1S1F1F1F10G - 5.0 kcal/mol 
E) glutamic acid + NH3 F1F1F1S1F1F1F10 glutamine, F1F1F1S1F1F1F10G + 3.4 kcal/mol

Question 8

Which of the following organisms are considered heterotrophs?

Accepted Answer

A) most bacteria 
B) dogs 
C) plants 
D) hydrogen bacteria 
E) most bacteria and dogs 
A) most bacteria 
B) dogs 
C) plants 
D) hydrogen bacteria 
E) most bacteria and dogs

Question 9

Imagine that you discover a microbial deep-sea organism that can derive energy from (inorganic) hydrogen gas (H2). However, this microbe can also synthesize organic compounds from carbon-containing inorganic molecules in the ocean. This microbe is a:

Accepted Answer

A) phototroph. 
B) photoautotroph. 
C) photoheterotroph. 
D) chemoautotroph. 
E) chemoheterotroph. 
A) phototroph. 
B) photoautotroph. 
C) photoheterotroph. 
D) chemoautotroph. 
E) chemoheterotroph.

Question 10

The energy of a system is defined as the system's capacity to do work.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Escherichia coli bacteria in your colon are categorized as:

Accepted Answer

A) photoautotrophs. 
B) chemoheterotrophs. 
C) photoheterotrophs. 
D) chemoautotrophs. 
A) photoautotrophs. 
B) chemoheterotrophs. 
C) photoheterotrophs. 
D) chemoautotrophs.

Question 12

ATP is a good energy currency for cells because it has a(n) _____ amount of Gibbs free energy.

Accepted Answer

A) very low 
B) intermediate 
C) very high 
A) very low 
B) intermediate 
C) very high

Question 13

As described in Case 1, some extremophiles can use hydrogen sulfide gas (H2S) as a source of energy. What can you conclude about the F1F1F1S1F1F1F10G of the reaction and the relative potential energies of the reactant and product?

Accepted Answer

F1F1F1S1F1F1F10G should be ne

Question 14

Organisms that derive their energy from the sun and carbon from carbon dioxide are:

Accepted Answer

A) photoautotrophs. 
B) chemoheterotrophs. 
C) photoheterotrophs. 
D) chemoautotrophs. 
E) chemolithotrophs. 
A) photoautotrophs. 
B) chemoheterotrophs. 
C) photoheterotrophs. 
D) chemoautotrophs. 
E) chemolithotrophs.

Question 15

In the pathway leading from threonine to isoleucine, threonine dehydratase is _____ by the presence of threonine.

Accepted Answer

A) activated 
B) inhibited 
C) degraded 
D) caused to increase in number 
E) caused to decrease in number 
A) activated 
B) inhibited 
C) degraded 
D) caused to increase in number 
E) caused to decrease in number

Question 16

The hydrolysis of _____ is an exergonic reaction that drives many endergonic reactions in a cell.

Accepted Answer

A) ATP 
B) AMP 
C) cAMP 
D) oxygen 
E) carbon dioxide 
A) ATP 
B) AMP 
C) cAMP 
D) oxygen 
E) carbon dioxide

Question 17

Anabolic pathways of metabolism are pathways that:

Accepted Answer

A) build complex molecules from simple ones. 
B) release stored chemical energy. 
C) take place primarily in skeletal muscle. 
D) make large quantities of ATP. 
A) build complex molecules from simple ones. 
B) release stored chemical energy. 
C) take place primarily in skeletal muscle. 
D) make large quantities of ATP.

Question 18

Energy of motion is _____ energy.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Energy of motion is _____ energy....

Question 19

Imagine that you discover a carnivorous deep-sea fish that cannot utilize the carbon in carbonic acid (or any other inorganic molecule) present in seawater to form glucose (or other organic molecules). Living so far beneath the water's surface, this fish is also incapable of harnessing energy from the sun. This fish would be considered a:

Accepted Answer

A) phototroph. 
B) photoautotroph. 
C) photoheterotroph. 
D) chemoautotroph. 
E) chemoheterotroph. 
A) phototroph. 
B) photoautotroph. 
C) photoheterotroph. 
D) chemoautotroph. 
E) chemoheterotroph.

Question 20

An energy input is necessary for both endergonic and exergonic reactions.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 6: Making Life Work: Capturing and Using Energy

Reactions in which there is a negative change in free energy (-G) are:

A cougar chases its prey. Running is a form of:

Which of the following is TRUE of an inhibitor that binds the active site of an enzyme?

Organic molecules store _____ energy in their _____ bonds.

ATP is chemically related MOST closely to which of the following?

A carbohydrate such as glucose has a great deal of _____ energy.

Which of the following reactions would you predict could be coupled to ATP synthesis from ADP + Pi?

Which of the following organisms are considered heterotrophs?

Imagine that you discover a microbial deep-sea organism that can derive energy from (inorganic) hydrogen gas (H2). However, this microbe can also synthesize organic compounds from carbon-containing inorganic molecules in the ocean. This microbe is a:

The energy of a system is defined as the system's capacity to do work.

Escherichia coli bacteria in your colon are categorized as:

ATP is a good energy currency for cells because it has a(n) _____ amount of Gibbs free energy.

As described in Case 1, some extremophiles can use hydrogen sulfide gas (H2S) as a source of energy. What can you conclude about the G of the reaction and the relative potential energies of the reactant and product?

Organisms that derive their energy from the sun and carbon from carbon dioxide are:

In the pathway leading from threonine to isoleucine, threonine dehydratase is _____ by the presence of threonine.

The hydrolysis of _____ is an exergonic reaction that drives many endergonic reactions in a cell.

Anabolic pathways of metabolism are pathways that:

Energy of motion is _____ energy.

An energy input is necessary for both endergonic and exergonic reactions.

Life: Chemical, Cellular, and Evolutionary Foundations

The Molecules of Life

Nucleic Acids and Transcription

Translation and Protein Structure

Organizing Principles: Lipids, Membranes, and Cell Compartments

Cellular Respiration: Harvesting Energy From Carbohydrates and Other Fuel Molecules

Photosynthesis: Using Sunlight to Build Carbohydrates

Cell Signaling

Cell and Tissue Architecture: Cytoskeleton, Cell Junctions, and Extracellular Matrix

Cell Division: Variations, Regulation, and Cancer

Dna Replication and Manipulation

Genomes

Mutation and Dna Repair

Genetic Variation

Mendelian Inheritance

Inheritance of Sex Chromosomes, Linked Genes, and Organelles

The Genetic and Environmental Basis of Complex Traits

Genetic and Epigenetic Regulation

Genes and Development

Evolution: How Genotypes and Phenotypes Change Over Time

Species and Speciation

Evolutionary Patterns: Phylogeny and Fossils

Human Origins and Evolution

Cycling Carbon

Bacteria and Archaea

Eukaryotic Cells: Origins and Diversity

Being Multicellular

Plant Structure and Function: Moving Photosynthesis Onto Land

Plant Reproduction: Finding Mates and Dispersing Young

Plant Growth and Development

Plant Defense: Keeping the World Green

Plant Diversity

Fungi: Structure, Function, and Diversity

Animal Nervous Systems

Animal Sensory Systems and Brain Function

Animal Movement: Muscles and Skeletons

Animal Endocrine Systems

Animal Cardiovascular and Respiratory Systems

Animal Metabolism, Nutrition, and Digestion

Animal Renal Systems: Water and Waste

Animal Reproduction and Development

Animal Immune Systems

Animal Diversity

Animal Behavior

Population Ecology

Species Interactions, Communities, and Ecosystems

Biomes and Global Ecology

The Anthropocene: Humans As a Planetary Force

Filters

Organic molecules store _ energy in their _ bonds.

Which of the following reactions would you predict could be coupled to ATP synthesis from ADP + P_i?

Imagine that you discover a microbial deep-sea organism that can derive energy from (inorganic) hydrogen gas (H₂). However, this microbe can also synthesize organic compounds from carbon-containing inorganic molecules in the ocean. This microbe is a:

As described in Case 1, some extremophiles can use hydrogen sulfide gas (H₂S) as a source of energy. What can you conclude about the G of the reaction and the relative potential energies of the reactant and product?