A 60-year-old woman comes to the emergency department with shortness of breath.An arterial blood sample is obtained,and the following data are noted: Partial pressure of oxygen (Po2): 75 mm Hg (normal: 75 to 100 mm Hg) Pco2: 58 mm Hg (normal: 33 to 44 mm Hg) [HCO3−]: 24 mEq/L (normal: 22 to 28 mEq/L) PH: 7.24 (normal: 7.35 to 7.45) What is the acid-base disorder?

A) Metabolic acidosis B) Metabolic alkalosis C) Acute respiratory acidosis D) Acute respiratory alkalosis E) Chronic respiratory acidosis A) Metabolic acidosis B) Metabolic alkalosis C) Acute respiratory acidosis D) Acute respiratory alkalosis E) Chronic respiratory acidosis C

An individual with a 20-year history of smoking three packs/day who has emphysema has the following data: pH = 7.37; [HCO3−] = 28 mEq/L; Pco2 = 50 mm Hg.Which acid-base disturbance is consistent with this clinical scenario and these arterial blood gas measurements?

A) Metabolic acidosis with respiratory compensation B) Metabolic alkalosis with respiratory compensation C) Respiratory acidosis with renal compensation (chronic respiratory acidosis) D) Respiratory acidosis without renal compensation (acute respiratory acidosis) E) Metabolic acidosis and respiratory acidosis A) Metabolic acidosis with respiratory compensation B) Metabolic alkalosis with respiratory compensation C) Respiratory acidosis with renal compensation (chronic respiratory acidosis) D) Respiratory acidosis without renal compensation (acute respiratory acidosis) E) Metabolic acidosis and respiratory acidosis C

An individual with diabetes mellitus who forgets to take insulin has the following data: pH = 7.29; [HCO3−] = 12 mEq/L; Pco2 = 26 mm Hg.Which acid-base disturbance is consistent with this clinical scenario and these arterial blood gas measurements?

A) Metabolic acidosis with respiratory compensation B) Metabolic alkalosis with respiratory compensation C) Respiratory acidosis with renal compensation (chronic respiratory acidosis) D) Respiratory acidosis without renal compensation (acute respiratory acidosis) E) Metabolic acidosis and respiratory acidosis A) Metabolic acidosis with respiratory compensation B) Metabolic alkalosis with respiratory compensation C) Respiratory acidosis with renal compensation (chronic respiratory acidosis) D) Respiratory acidosis without renal compensation (acute respiratory acidosis) E) Metabolic acidosis and respiratory acidosis

An individual with cardiopulmonary arrest has the following data: pH = 6.85; [HCO3−] = 10 mEq/L; Pco2 = 60 mm Hg.Which acid-base disturbance is consistent with this clinical scenario and these arterial blood gas measurements?

A) Metabolic acidosis with respiratory compensation B) Metabolic alkalosis with respiratory compensation C) Respiratory acidosis with renal compensation (chronic respiratory acidosis) D) Respiratory acidosis without renal compensation (acute respiratory acidosis) E) Metabolic acidosis and respiratory acidosis A) Metabolic acidosis with respiratory compensation B) Metabolic alkalosis with respiratory compensation C) Respiratory acidosis with renal compensation (chronic respiratory acidosis) D) Respiratory acidosis without renal compensation (acute respiratory acidosis) E) Metabolic acidosis and respiratory acidosis

An individual with an asthma attack; has the following data: pH = 7.32; [HCO3−] = 25 mEq/L; partial pressure of carbon dioxide (Pco2)= 50 mm Hg.Which acid-base disturbance is consistent with this clinical scenario and these arterial blood gas measurements?

A) Metabolic acidosis with respiratory compensation B) Metabolic alkalosis with respiratory compensation C) Respiratory acidosis with renal compensation (chronic respiratory acidosis) D) Respiratory acidosis without renal compensation (acute respiratory acidosis) E) Metabolic acidosis and respiratory acidosis A) Metabolic acidosis with respiratory compensation B) Metabolic alkalosis with respiratory compensation C) Respiratory acidosis with renal compensation (chronic respiratory acidosis) D) Respiratory acidosis without renal compensation (acute respiratory acidosis) E) Metabolic acidosis and respiratory acidosis

An individual with a gastric ulcer who ingests large quantities of antacids has the following data: pH = 7.45; [HCO3−] = 30 mEq/L; Pco2 = 45 mm Hg.Which acid-base disturbance is consistent with this clinical scenario and these arterial blood gas measurements?

A) Metabolic acidosis with respiratory compensation B) Metabolic alkalosis with respiratory compensation C) Tespiratory acidosis with renal compensation (chronic respiratory acidosis) D) Respiratory acidosis without renal compensation (acute respiratory acidosis) E) Metabolic acidosis and respiratory acidosis A) Metabolic acidosis with respiratory compensation B) Metabolic alkalosis with respiratory compensation C) Tespiratory acidosis with renal compensation (chronic respiratory acidosis) D) Respiratory acidosis without renal compensation (acute respiratory acidosis) E) Metabolic acidosis and respiratory acidosis

During a 24-hour period,an individual excretes in the urine 60 mmol of NH4+,40 mmol of titratable acid,and 10 mmol of HCO3−.If this individual is in acid-base balance,how much nonvolatile acid was produced from metabolism?

A) 80 mmol/day B) 90 mmol/day C) 100 mmol/day D) 110 mmol/day E) 120 mmol/day A) 80 mmol/day B) 90 mmol/day C) 100 mmol/day D) 110 mmol/day E) 120 mmol/day

Exam 37: Role of the Kidneys in the Regulation of Acid-Base Balance

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A 60-year-old woman comes to the emergency department with shortness of breath.An arterial blood sample is obtained,and the following data are noted: Partial pressure of oxygen (Po₂): 75 mm Hg (normal: 75 to 100 mm Hg) Pco₂: 58 mm Hg (normal: 33 to 44 mm Hg) [HCO₃⁻]: 24 mEq/L (normal: 22 to 28 mEq/L) PH: 7.24 (normal: 7.35 to 7.45) What is the acid-base disorder?

Free

(Multiple Choice)

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Question 1

Correct Answer:

Verified

In response to metabolic acidosis,the kidneys increase the excretion of net acid.Which of the following is the most important component of this compensatory response?

Free

(Multiple Choice)

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Question 2

Correct Answer:

Verified

An individual with a 20-year history of smoking three packs/day who has emphysema has the following data: pH = 7.37; [HCO₃⁻] = 28 mEq/L; Pco₂ = 50 mm Hg.Which acid-base disturbance is consistent with this clinical scenario and these arterial blood gas measurements?

Free

(Multiple Choice)

4.9/5

(40)

Question 3

Correct Answer:

Verified

An individual with diabetes mellitus who forgets to take insulin has the following data: pH = 7.29; [HCO₃⁻] = 12 mEq/L; Pco₂ = 26 mm Hg.Which acid-base disturbance is consistent with this clinical scenario and these arterial blood gas measurements?

(Multiple Choice)

4.9/5

(43)

Question 4

An individual with cardiopulmonary arrest has the following data: pH = 6.85; [HCO₃⁻] = 10 mEq/L; Pco₂ = 60 mm Hg.Which acid-base disturbance is consistent with this clinical scenario and these arterial blood gas measurements?

(Multiple Choice)

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Question 5

An individual with an asthma attack; has the following data: pH = 7.32; [HCO₃⁻] = 25 mEq/L; partial pressure of carbon dioxide (Pco₂)= 50 mm Hg.Which acid-base disturbance is consistent with this clinical scenario and these arterial blood gas measurements?

(Multiple Choice)

4.8/5

(32)

Question 6

An individual with a gastric ulcer who ingests large quantities of antacids has the following data: pH = 7.45; [HCO₃⁻] = 30 mEq/L; Pco₂ = 45 mm Hg.Which acid-base disturbance is consistent with this clinical scenario and these arterial blood gas measurements?

(Multiple Choice)

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(38)

Question 7

A 6-year-old boy presents to the emergency department with fever,abdominal cramps,and diarrhea.Arterial blood gas measurements are as follows: pH: 7.28 (normal: 7.35 to 7.45) Pco₂: 24 mm Hg (normal: 33 to 44 mm Hg) [HCO₃⁻]: 11 mEq/L (normal: 22 to 28 mEq/L) What is the acid-base disorder?

(Multiple Choice)

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Question 8

During a 24-hour period,an individual excretes in the urine 60 mmol of NH₄⁺,40 mmol of titratable acid,and 10 mmol of HCO₃⁻.If this individual is in acid-base balance,how much nonvolatile acid was produced from metabolism?

(Multiple Choice)

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(30)

Question 9

Showing 1 - 9 of 9

Exam 37: Role of the Kidneys in the Regulation of Acid-Base Balance

In response to metabolic acidosis,the kidneys increase the excretion of net acid.Which of the following is the most important component of this compensatory response?

An individual with a 20-year history of smoking three packs/day who has emphysema has the following data: pH = 7.37; [HCO3−] = 28 mEq/L; Pco2 = 50 mm Hg.Which acid-base disturbance is consistent with this clinical scenario and these arterial blood gas measurements?

An individual with diabetes mellitus who forgets to take insulin has the following data: pH = 7.29; [HCO3−] = 12 mEq/L; Pco2 = 26 mm Hg.Which acid-base disturbance is consistent with this clinical scenario and these arterial blood gas measurements?

An individual with cardiopulmonary arrest has the following data: pH = 6.85; [HCO3−] = 10 mEq/L; Pco2 = 60 mm Hg.Which acid-base disturbance is consistent with this clinical scenario and these arterial blood gas measurements?

An individual with an asthma attack; has the following data: pH = 7.32; [HCO3−] = 25 mEq/L; partial pressure of carbon dioxide (Pco2)= 50 mm Hg.Which acid-base disturbance is consistent with this clinical scenario and these arterial blood gas measurements?

An individual with a gastric ulcer who ingests large quantities of antacids has the following data: pH = 7.45; [HCO3−] = 30 mEq/L; Pco2 = 45 mm Hg.Which acid-base disturbance is consistent with this clinical scenario and these arterial blood gas measurements?

A 6-year-old boy presents to the emergency department with fever,abdominal cramps,and diarrhea.Arterial blood gas measurements are as follows: pH: 7.28 (normal: 7.35 to 7.45) Pco2: 24 mm Hg (normal: 33 to 44 mm Hg) [HCO3−]: 11 mEq/L (normal: 22 to 28 mEq/L) What is the acid-base disorder?

During a 24-hour period,an individual excretes in the urine 60 mmol of NH4+,40 mmol of titratable acid,and 10 mmol of HCO3−.If this individual is in acid-base balance,how much nonvolatile acid was produced from metabolism?

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An individual with a 20-year history of smoking three packs/day who has emphysema has the following data: pH = 7.37; [HCO₃⁻] = 28 mEq/L; Pco₂ = 50 mm Hg.Which acid-base disturbance is consistent with this clinical scenario and these arterial blood gas measurements?

An individual with diabetes mellitus who forgets to take insulin has the following data: pH = 7.29; [HCO₃⁻] = 12 mEq/L; Pco₂ = 26 mm Hg.Which acid-base disturbance is consistent with this clinical scenario and these arterial blood gas measurements?

An individual with cardiopulmonary arrest has the following data: pH = 6.85; [HCO₃⁻] = 10 mEq/L; Pco₂ = 60 mm Hg.Which acid-base disturbance is consistent with this clinical scenario and these arterial blood gas measurements?

An individual with an asthma attack; has the following data: pH = 7.32; [HCO₃⁻] = 25 mEq/L; partial pressure of carbon dioxide (Pco₂)= 50 mm Hg.Which acid-base disturbance is consistent with this clinical scenario and these arterial blood gas measurements?

An individual with a gastric ulcer who ingests large quantities of antacids has the following data: pH = 7.45; [HCO₃⁻] = 30 mEq/L; Pco₂ = 45 mm Hg.Which acid-base disturbance is consistent with this clinical scenario and these arterial blood gas measurements?

A 6-year-old boy presents to the emergency department with fever,abdominal cramps,and diarrhea.Arterial blood gas measurements are as follows: pH: 7.28 (normal: 7.35 to 7.45) Pco₂: 24 mm Hg (normal: 33 to 44 mm Hg) [HCO₃⁻]: 11 mEq/L (normal: 22 to 28 mEq/L) What is the acid-base disorder?

During a 24-hour period,an individual excretes in the urine 60 mmol of NH₄⁺,40 mmol of titratable acid,and 10 mmol of HCO₃⁻.If this individual is in acid-base balance,how much nonvolatile acid was produced from metabolism?