Question 1

Irritant receptors in the lower airway respond to all of the following except:

Accepted Answer

A) Chemical vapors. 
B) Physical factors. 
C) Distortion of the alveolar walls. 
D) Particles. 
A) Chemical vapors. 
B) Physical factors. 
C) Distortion of the alveolar walls. 
D) Particles. C

Question 2

The respiratory "pacemaker" is located in:

Accepted Answer

A) The dorsal respiratory group. 
B) The ventral respiratory group. 
C) The cerebral cortex. 
D) Chest wall joints and muscles. 
A) The dorsal respiratory group. 
B) The ventral respiratory group. 
C) The cerebral cortex. 
D) Chest wall joints and muscles. A

Question 3

Mild-moderate exercise is associated with:

Accepted Answer

A) Increases in arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide (Pco2). 
B) Decreases in arterial Po2. 
C) Normal pH. 
D) Lactic acidosis. 
E) Anaerobic metabolism. 
A) Increases in arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide (Pco2). 
B) Decreases in arterial Po2. 
C) Normal pH. 
D) Lactic acidosis. 
E) Anaerobic metabolism. C

Question 4

Central apnea is characterized by:

Accepted Answer

A) Vigorous chest wall and abdominal muscle activity. 
B) Cessation of airflow at the nose. 
C) Snoring. 
D) Severe hypercarbia. 
A) Vigorous chest wall and abdominal muscle activity. 
B) Cessation of airflow at the nose. 
C) Snoring. 
D) Severe hypercarbia.

Question 5

The Hering-Breuer reflex is:

Accepted Answer

A) An inspiratory inhibitory reflex. 
B) Stimulated by lung deflation. 
C) Mediated by the phrenic nerve. 
D) Activated by low Po2. 
A) An inspiratory inhibitory reflex. 
B) Stimulated by lung deflation. 
C) Mediated by the phrenic nerve. 
D) Activated by low Po2.

Question 6

The ventilatory response to CO2 is enhanced by:

Accepted Answer

A) Hypoxia. 
B) Alkalosis. 
C) Sleep. 
D) Barbiturates. 
A) Hypoxia. 
B) Alkalosis. 
C) Sleep. 
D) Barbiturates.

Question 7

Carotid sinus nerve activity is increased in the presence of:

Accepted Answer

A) High O2 levels in the blood. 
B) Normal CO2 levels in the blood. 
C) Low O2 content. 
D) Low pH. 
A) High O2 levels in the blood. 
B) Normal CO2 levels in the blood. 
C) Low O2 content. 
D) Low pH.

Question 8

Increased activity in the neurons in the dorsal respiratory group is associated with:

Accepted Answer

A) High lung volume. 
B) High levels of CO2 in the blood. 
C) High levels of O2 in the blood. 
D) Breath holding. 
A) High lung volume. 
B) High levels of CO2 in the blood. 
C) High levels of O2 in the blood. 
D) Breath holding.

Question 9

The respiratory control center is located in:

Accepted Answer

A) The cerebral cortex. 
B) The pons. 
C) The medulla oblongata. 
D) The cerebellum. 
A) The cerebral cortex. 
B) The pons. 
C) The medulla oblongata. 
D) The cerebellum.

Question 10

Changes in partial pressure of oxygen (Po2)are recognized/sensed by:

Accepted Answer

A) Central chemoreceptors. 
B) Peripheral chemoreceptors. 
C) Pulmonary mechanoreceptors. 
D) The blood-brain barrier. 
A) Central chemoreceptors. 
B) Peripheral chemoreceptors. 
C) Pulmonary mechanoreceptors. 
D) The blood-brain barrier.

Exam 25: Control of Respiration

Irritant receptors in the lower airway respond to all of the following except:

The respiratory "pacemaker" is located in:

Mild-moderate exercise is associated with:

Central apnea is characterized by:

The Hering-Breuer reflex is:

The ventilatory response to CO2 is enhanced by:

Carotid sinus nerve activity is increased in the presence of:

Increased activity in the neurons in the dorsal respiratory group is associated with:

The respiratory control center is located in:

Changes in partial pressure of oxygen (Po2)are recognized/sensed by:

Principles of Cell Function

Homeostasis of Body Fluids

Signal Transduction, membrane Receptors, second Messengers, and Regulation of Gene Expression

The Nervous System: Introduction to Cells and Systems

Generation and Conduction of Action Potentials

Synaptic Transmission

The Somatosensory System

The Special Senses

Organization of Motor Function

Higher Functions of the Nervous System

The Autonomic Nervous System and Its Central Control

Skeletal Muscle Physiology

Cardiac Muscle

Smooth Muscle

Overview of Circulation

Elements of Cardiac Function

Properties of the Vasculature

Regulation of the Heart and Vasculature

Integrated Control of the Cardiovascular System

Structure and Function of the Respiratory System

Static Lung and Chest Wall Mechanics

Dynamic Lung and Chest Wall Mechanics

Ventilation

Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide Transport

Non-Physiologic Functions of the Lung: Host Defense and Metabolism

Functional Anatomy and General Principles of Regulation in the Gastrointestinal Tract

The Cephalic, oral, and Esophageal Phases of the Integrated Response to a Meal

The Gastric Phase of the Integrated Response to a Meal

The Small Intestinal Phase of the Integrated Response to a Meal

The Colonic Phase of the Integrated Response to a Meal

Transport and Metabolic Functions of the Liver

Elements of Renal Function

Solute and Water Transport Along the Nephron: Tubular Function

Control of Body Fluid Osmolality and Volume

Potassium, calcium, and Phosphate Homeostasis

Role of the Kidneys in the Regulation of Acid-Base Balance

Introduction to the Endocrine System

Hormonal Regulation of Energy Metabolism

Hormonal Regulation of Calcium and Phosphate Metabolism

The Hypothalamus and Pituitary Gland

The Thyroid Gland

The Adrenal Glands

The Male and Female Reproductive Systems

Filters

The ventilatory response to CO₂ is enhanced by:

Changes in partial pressure of oxygen (Po₂)are recognized/sensed by: