Question 1

Factors associated with higher expiratory flow rates include:

Accepted Answer

A) Low lung volume. 
B) Increased lung elastic recoil. 
C) Negative pleural pressure. 
D) Increased pulmonary vascular resistance. 
E) None of the above. 
A) Low lung volume. 
B) Increased lung elastic recoil. 
C) Negative pleural pressure. 
D) Increased pulmonary vascular resistance. 
E) None of the above. B

Question 2

Which of the following factors is not associated with an increase in work of breathing?

Accepted Answer

A) An increase in tidal volume 
B) An increase in respiratory rate 
C) Diseases associated with airway obstruction 
D) Diseases associated with loss of lung compliance 
E) None of the above 
A) An increase in tidal volume 
B) An increase in respiratory rate 
C) Diseases associated with airway obstruction 
D) Diseases associated with loss of lung compliance 
E) None of the above E

Question 3

The flow resistance across a set of airways is lowest under which of the following conditions?

Accepted Answer

A) Airway radius is large and airways are in series. 
B) Airway radius is large and airways are in parallel. 
C) Airway radius is small and airways are in series. 
D) Airway radius is small and airways are in parallel. 
A) Airway radius is large and airways are in series. 
B) Airway radius is large and airways are in parallel. 
C) Airway radius is small and airways are in series. 
D) Airway radius is small and airways are in parallel. B

Question 4

Common pulmonary function abnormalities in individuals with moderate restrictive lung disease include:

Accepted Answer

A) Normal FEV1,normal expiratory flow rates,and normal RV/TLC ratio. 
B) Increased FEV1,increased expiratory flow rates,and increased RV/TLC ratio. 
C) Decreased FEV1,decreased expiratory flow rates,and increased RV/TLC ratio. 
D) Decreased FEV1,decreased expiratory flow rates,and decreased RV/TLC ratio. 
E) Decreased FEV1,normal expiratory flow rates,and increased RV/TLC ratio. 
A) Normal FEV1,normal expiratory flow rates,and normal RV/TLC ratio. 
B) Increased FEV1,increased expiratory flow rates,and increased RV/TLC ratio. 
C) Decreased FEV1,decreased expiratory flow rates,and increased RV/TLC ratio. 
D) Decreased FEV1,decreased expiratory flow rates,and decreased RV/TLC ratio. 
E) Decreased FEV1,normal expiratory flow rates,and increased RV/TLC ratio.

Question 5

Pulmonary fibrosis is associated with a decrease in lung compliance.Individuals with pulmonary fibrosis:

Accepted Answer

A) Have a higher airway resistance than do individuals with normal lungs. 
B) Require a higher transpulmonary (translung)pressure for a change in lung volume than do individuals with normal lungs. 
C) Have a shift in their oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve to the right. 
D) Have an increase in dead space. 
A) Have a higher airway resistance than do individuals with normal lungs. 
B) Require a higher transpulmonary (translung)pressure for a change in lung volume than do individuals with normal lungs. 
C) Have a shift in their oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve to the right. 
D) Have an increase in dead space.

Question 6

Common pulmonary function abnormalities in individuals with moderate obstructive pulmonary disease include:

Accepted Answer

A) Normal forced expiratory volume in 1 minute (FEV1),normal expiratory flow rates,normal ratio of residual volume (RV)to total lung capacity (TL
C)  
B) Increased FEV1,increased expiratory flow rates,increased RV/TLC ratio 
C) Decreased FEV1,decreased expiratory flow rates,increased RV/TLC ratio 
D) Decreased FEV1,decreased expiratory flow rates,decreased RV/TLC ratio 
E) Decreased FEV1,normal expiratory flow rates,increased RV/TLC ratio 
A) Normal forced expiratory volume in 1 minute (FEV1),normal expiratory flow rates,normal ratio of residual volume (RV)to total lung capacity (TL
C)  
B) Increased FEV1,increased expiratory flow rates,increased RV/TLC ratio 
C) Decreased FEV1,decreased expiratory flow rates,increased RV/TLC ratio 
D) Decreased FEV1,decreased expiratory flow rates,decreased RV/TLC ratio 
E) Decreased FEV1,normal expiratory flow rates,increased RV/TLC ratio

Question 7

Maximal expiratory flow rates decrease during exhalation (i.e.,in going from higher to lower lung volumes)for the following reasons:

Accepted Answer

A) Intra-airway pressures increase and elastic recoil pressure increases at lower lung volumes. 
B) Intra-airway pressures decrease and elastic recoil pressure increases at lower lung volumes. 
C) Intra-airway pressures increase and elastic recoil pressure decreases at lower lung volumes. 
D) Intra-airway pressures decrease and elastic recoil pressure decreases at lower lung volumes. 
E) There is no change in intra-airway pressures or elastic recoil pressures at lower lung volumes. 
A) Intra-airway pressures increase and elastic recoil pressure increases at lower lung volumes. 
B) Intra-airway pressures decrease and elastic recoil pressure increases at lower lung volumes. 
C) Intra-airway pressures increase and elastic recoil pressure decreases at lower lung volumes. 
D) Intra-airway pressures decrease and elastic recoil pressure decreases at lower lung volumes. 
E) There is no change in intra-airway pressures or elastic recoil pressures at lower lung volumes.

Question 8

Air trapping is a sign of premature airway closure and results in:

Accepted Answer

A) Movement of the equal pressure point at low lung volumes into the intrathoracic airways. 
B) Movement of the equal pressure point at low lung volumes toward the alveolus. 
C) Movement of the equal pressure point at low lung volumes toward the mouth. 
D) No effect on the location of the equal pressure at low lung volumes. 
E) Movement of the equal pressure point from airways with cartilage to airways without cartilage. 
A) Movement of the equal pressure point at low lung volumes into the intrathoracic airways. 
B) Movement of the equal pressure point at low lung volumes toward the alveolus. 
C) Movement of the equal pressure point at low lung volumes toward the mouth. 
D) No effect on the location of the equal pressure at low lung volumes. 
E) Movement of the equal pressure point from airways with cartilage to airways without cartilage.

Question 9

The airways most responsible for the resistance of the respiratory system (Raw)during mouth breathing are:

Accepted Answer

A) The trachea,main stem,and lobar bronchi. 
B) The terminal bronchioles. 
C) The respiratory bronchioles. 
D) The alveoli and alveolar ducts. 
A) The trachea,main stem,and lobar bronchi. 
B) The terminal bronchioles. 
C) The respiratory bronchioles. 
D) The alveoli and alveolar ducts.

Question 10

Which of the following diseases is associated with concaveness of the expiratory flow volume curve?

Accepted Answer

A) Cystic fibrosis 
B) Pulmonary fibrosis 
C) Duchenne's muscular dystrophy 
D) Scoliosis 
E) Paralysis of the diaphragm 
A) Cystic fibrosis 
B) Pulmonary fibrosis 
C) Duchenne's muscular dystrophy 
D) Scoliosis 
E) Paralysis of the diaphragm

Exam 22: Dynamic Lung and Chest Wall Mechanics

Factors associated with higher expiratory flow rates include:

Which of the following factors is not associated with an increase in work of breathing?

The flow resistance across a set of airways is lowest under which of the following conditions?

Common pulmonary function abnormalities in individuals with moderate restrictive lung disease include:

Pulmonary fibrosis is associated with a decrease in lung compliance.Individuals with pulmonary fibrosis:

Common pulmonary function abnormalities in individuals with moderate obstructive pulmonary disease include:

Maximal expiratory flow rates decrease during exhalation (i.e.,in going from higher to lower lung volumes)for the following reasons:

Air trapping is a sign of premature airway closure and results in:

The airways most responsible for the resistance of the respiratory system (Raw)during mouth breathing are:

Which of the following diseases is associated with concaveness of the expiratory flow volume curve?

Principles of Cell Function

Homeostasis of Body Fluids

Signal Transduction, membrane Receptors, second Messengers, and Regulation of Gene Expression

The Nervous System: Introduction to Cells and Systems

Generation and Conduction of Action Potentials

Synaptic Transmission

The Somatosensory System

The Special Senses

Organization of Motor Function

Higher Functions of the Nervous System

The Autonomic Nervous System and Its Central Control

Skeletal Muscle Physiology

Cardiac Muscle

Smooth Muscle

Overview of Circulation

Elements of Cardiac Function

Properties of the Vasculature

Regulation of the Heart and Vasculature

Integrated Control of the Cardiovascular System

Structure and Function of the Respiratory System

Static Lung and Chest Wall Mechanics

Ventilation

Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide Transport

Control of Respiration

Non-Physiologic Functions of the Lung: Host Defense and Metabolism

Functional Anatomy and General Principles of Regulation in the Gastrointestinal Tract

The Cephalic, oral, and Esophageal Phases of the Integrated Response to a Meal

The Gastric Phase of the Integrated Response to a Meal

The Small Intestinal Phase of the Integrated Response to a Meal

The Colonic Phase of the Integrated Response to a Meal

Transport and Metabolic Functions of the Liver

Elements of Renal Function

Solute and Water Transport Along the Nephron: Tubular Function

Control of Body Fluid Osmolality and Volume

Potassium, calcium, and Phosphate Homeostasis

Role of the Kidneys in the Regulation of Acid-Base Balance

Introduction to the Endocrine System

Hormonal Regulation of Energy Metabolism

Hormonal Regulation of Calcium and Phosphate Metabolism

The Hypothalamus and Pituitary Gland

The Thyroid Gland

The Adrenal Glands

The Male and Female Reproductive Systems

Filters

The airways most responsible for the resistance of the respiratory system (R_aw)during mouth breathing are: