Question 1

Which concept is the defining feature of the discipline of physiology?

Accepted Answer

A)  descent with modification 
B)  homeostasis 
C)  evolution 
D)  dimorphism 
E)  differentiation 
A)  descent with modification 
B)  homeostasis 
C)  evolution 
D)  dimorphism 
E)  differentiation

Question 2

The number of distinct cell types in the human body is about twenty.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Which of the following situations best represents a homeostatic mechanism?

Accepted Answer

A)  A person who becomes very nervous begins to sweat profusely. 
B)  After going outside on a hot day, the core body temperature increases. 
C)  Increasing the size of fast-food restaurant portions causes body weight to increase. 
D)  After eating a large batch of salty popcorn, levels of salt in the urine increase. 
E)  As age increases, the amount of calcium in bones tends to decrease. 
A)  A person who becomes very nervous begins to sweat profusely. 
B)  After going outside on a hot day, the core body temperature increases. 
C)  Increasing the size of fast-food restaurant portions causes body weight to increase. 
D)  After eating a large batch of salty popcorn, levels of salt in the urine increase. 
E)  As age increases, the amount of calcium in bones tends to decrease.

Question 4

What is the location of the internal pacemaker that sets biological rhythms?

Accepted Answer

A)  suprachiasmatic nucleus of the brain 
B)  ventricles of the heart 
C)  endocrine gland in the gonads 
D)  photoreceptors of the eye 
E)  the adrenal glands 
A)  suprachiasmatic nucleus of the brain 
B)  ventricles of the heart 
C)  endocrine gland in the gonads 
D)  photoreceptors of the eye 
E)  the adrenal glands

Question 5

What is the principal function performed by epithelial cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  fat storage 
B)  anchoring body structures 
C)  forming boundaries between body compartments 
D)  generating movement 
E)  transmitting electrical signals 
A)  fat storage 
B)  anchoring body structures 
C)  forming boundaries between body compartments 
D)  generating movement 
E)  transmitting electrical signals

Question 6

One function of epithelial cells is to form selective barriers regulating exchange of materials across them.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

_________________ is the general term for a chemical released by axon terminals into the bloodstream.

Accepted Answer

The answer of _________________ is the general term for a...

Question 8

If a person begins to sweat upon entering a hot room but continued sweating is able to keep the body temperature constant, which of these best describes her condition?

Accepted Answer

A)  She is in an equilibrium state. 
B)  She is not using energy to maintain a constant temperature. 
C)  She is in a steady state 
D)  She is using a positive feedback mechanism. 
A)  She is in an equilibrium state. 
B)  She is not using energy to maintain a constant temperature. 
C)  She is in a steady state 
D)  She is using a positive feedback mechanism.

Question 9

Describing a physiological variable as "homeostatic" means that it

Accepted Answer

A)  has varied from the normal value, and will remain constant at the new value. 
B)  never varies from an exact set point value. 
C)  is in an equilibrium state that requires no energy input to stay at the normal value. 
D)  is in a state of dynamic constancy that is regulated to remain near a stable set point value. 
E)  has no normal range, but will just change to match the outside environmental conditions. 
A)  has varied from the normal value, and will remain constant at the new value. 
B)  never varies from an exact set point value. 
C)  is in an equilibrium state that requires no energy input to stay at the normal value. 
D)  is in a state of dynamic constancy that is regulated to remain near a stable set point value. 
E)  has no normal range, but will just change to match the outside environmental conditions.

Question 10

Which of components of a general reflex arc are listed in the order information typically flows through them following a stimulus?

Accepted Answer

A)  effector, afferent pathway, integrating center, efferent pathway, receptor 
B)  effector, efferent pathway, integrating center, afferent pathway, receptor 
C)  integrating center, receptor, afferent pathway, efferent pathway, effector 
D)  receptor, efferent pathway, integrating center, afferent pathway, effector 
E)  receptor, afferent pathway, integrating center, efferent pathway, effector 
A)  effector, afferent pathway, integrating center, efferent pathway, receptor 
B)  effector, efferent pathway, integrating center, afferent pathway, receptor 
C)  integrating center, receptor, afferent pathway, efferent pathway, effector 
D)  receptor, efferent pathway, integrating center, afferent pathway, effector 
E)  receptor, afferent pathway, integrating center, efferent pathway, effector

Question 11

Which best describes the extracellular matrix?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is found just inside the cell membrane in all tissues, it sends branching collagen fibers between cells to connect them, and it transmits chemical information from the interior of one cell to the interior of adjacent cells. 
B)  It is a tissue having more than the four general cell types, it transports proteins and polysaccharides between body compartments, and it is the route by which chemical signals like hormones reach all parts of the body. 
C)  It covers the body's surface, it contains connective and muscle tissue, and it helps generate movement. 
D)  It surrounds cells; it contains proteins, polysaccharides, and minerals; it provides a scaffold for cell attachment; and it transmits chemical messengers to cells. 
A)  It is found just inside the cell membrane in all tissues, it sends branching collagen fibers between cells to connect them, and it transmits chemical information from the interior of one cell to the interior of adjacent cells. 
B)  It is a tissue having more than the four general cell types, it transports proteins and polysaccharides between body compartments, and it is the route by which chemical signals like hormones reach all parts of the body. 
C)  It covers the body's surface, it contains connective and muscle tissue, and it helps generate movement. 
D)  It surrounds cells; it contains proteins, polysaccharides, and minerals; it provides a scaffold for cell attachment; and it transmits chemical messengers to cells.

Question 12

The tall slender body shape that helps to dissipate heat in people native to equatorial regions is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  an adaptation. 
B)  acclimatization. 
C)  set point resetting. 
D)  homeostasis. 
E)  phase shift. 
A)  an adaptation. 
B)  acclimatization. 
C)  set point resetting. 
D)  homeostasis. 
E)  phase shift.

Question 13

The cell type that is specialized to communicate with other cells and control their activities is

Accepted Answer

A)  Epithelial cells 
B)  Muscle cells 
C)  Connective tissue cells 
D)  Nerve cells 
A)  Epithelial cells 
B)  Muscle cells 
C)  Connective tissue cells 
D)  Nerve cells

Which concept is the defining feature of the discipline of physiology?

The number of distinct cell types in the human body is about twenty.

Which of the following situations best represents a homeostatic mechanism?

What is the location of the internal pacemaker that sets biological rhythms?

What is the principal function performed by epithelial cells?

One function of epithelial cells is to form selective barriers regulating exchange of materials across them.

_________________ is the general term for a chemical released by axon terminals into the bloodstream.

If a person begins to sweat upon entering a hot room but continued sweating is able to keep the body temperature constant, which of these best describes her condition?

Describing a physiological variable as "homeostatic" means that it

Which of components of a general reflex arc are listed in the order information typically flows through them following a stimulus?

Which best describes the extracellular matrix?

The tall slender body shape that helps to dissipate heat in people native to equatorial regions is an example of

The cell type that is specialized to communicate with other cells and control their activities is

Chemical Composition of the Body and Its Relation to Physiology

Cellular Structure, Proteins, and Metabolic Pathways

Movement of Molecules Across Cell Membranes

Cell Signaling in Physiology

Neuronal Signaling and the Structure of the Nervous System

Sensory Physiology

Consciousness, the Brain, and Behavior

Muscle

Control of Body Movement

The Endocrine System

Cardiovascular Physiology

Respiratory Physiology

The Kidneys and Regulation of Water and Inorganic Ions

The Digestion and Absorption of Food

Regulation of Organic Metabolism and Energy Balance

Reproduction

The Immune System

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Exam 1: Homeostasis: a Framework for Human Physiology

Which concept is the defining feature of the discipline of physiology?

The number of distinct cell types in the human body is about twenty.

Which of the following situations best represents a homeostatic mechanism?

What is the location of the internal pacemaker that sets biological rhythms?

What is the principal function performed by epithelial cells?

One function of epithelial cells is to form selective barriers regulating exchange of materials across them.

_________________ is the general term for a chemical released by axon terminals into the bloodstream.

If a person begins to sweat upon entering a hot room but continued sweating is able to keep the body temperature constant, which of these best describes her condition?

Describing a physiological variable as "homeostatic" means that it

Which of components of a general reflex arc are listed in the order information typically flows through them following a stimulus?

Which best describes the extracellular matrix?

The tall slender body shape that helps to dissipate heat in people native to equatorial regions is an example of

The cell type that is specialized to communicate with other cells and control their activities is

Chemical Composition of the Body and Its Relation to Physiology

Cellular Structure, Proteins, and Metabolic Pathways

Movement of Molecules Across Cell Membranes

Cell Signaling in Physiology

Neuronal Signaling and the Structure of the Nervous System

Sensory Physiology

Consciousness, the Brain, and Behavior

Muscle

Control of Body Movement

The Endocrine System

Cardiovascular Physiology

Respiratory Physiology

The Kidneys and Regulation of Water and Inorganic Ions

The Digestion and Absorption of Food

Regulation of Organic Metabolism and Energy Balance

Reproduction

The Immune System

Filters