Question 1

How do most behaviourists believe that secondary reinforcers acquire their abilities to influence behaviours?

Accepted Answer

A good answer will include the following

Question 2

Match the types of learning with the appropriate names.
-Puzzle boxes

Accepted Answer

A) Edward Tolman 
B) Edward Thorndike 
C) Watson and Rayner 
D) Ivan Pavlov 
E) B.F.Skinner 
A) Edward Tolman 
B) Edward Thorndike 
C) Watson and Rayner 
D) Ivan Pavlov 
E) B.F.Skinner

Question 3

If you want to modify someone's behaviour,then it is most effective if you accentuate the positive.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

According to most behaviourists,secondary punishers acquire their abilities to influence behaviours through what process?

Accepted Answer

A good answer will include the following

Question 5

If you want to train a hamster to pick up a marble:

Accepted Answer

A) use positive punishment until the hamster picks up the marble. 
B) wait till the hamster picks up the marble and then give it a food treat. 
C) begin reinforcement when the hamster looks at the marble. 
D) use negative punishment until the hamster picks up the marble. 
A) use positive punishment until the hamster picks up the marble. 
B) wait till the hamster picks up the marble and then give it a food treat. 
C) begin reinforcement when the hamster looks at the marble. 
D) use negative punishment until the hamster picks up the marble.

Question 6

Give a possible reason that explains how extrinsic rewards tend to undermine the pleasure of doing something for its own sake.

Accepted Answer

A good answer will include the following

Question 7

Stimulus generalization has occurred if a child learns to fear spiders and then responds to beetles with fear.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

In order for latent learning to occur,there must be obvious reinforcement.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

________ is the classical-conditioning term for an initially neutral stimulus that comes to elicit a conditioned response.

Accepted Answer

A) Unconditioned stimulus 
B) Conditioned stimulus 
C) Unconditioned response 
D) Conditioned response 
A) Unconditioned stimulus 
B) Conditioned stimulus 
C) Unconditioned response 
D) Conditioned response

Question 10

Which of the following is a difference between classical and operant conditioning?

Accepted Answer

A) In classical conditioning the response is reflexive,but in operant conditioning it is more complex. 
B) In classical conditioning spontaneous recovery can occur,but in operant conditioning it doesn't. 
C) In classical conditioning the consequence of a response is important,but in operant conditioning it isn't. 
D) In classical conditioning both stimulus generalization and discrimination occur,but in operant conditioning only stimulus discrimination occurs. 
A) In classical conditioning the response is reflexive,but in operant conditioning it is more complex. 
B) In classical conditioning spontaneous recovery can occur,but in operant conditioning it doesn't. 
C) In classical conditioning the consequence of a response is important,but in operant conditioning it isn't. 
D) In classical conditioning both stimulus generalization and discrimination occur,but in operant conditioning only stimulus discrimination occurs.

Question 11

A ________ tells whether reinforcement is available.

Accepted Answer

A) discriminative stimulus 
B) reinforcement schedule 
C) positive reinforcement 
D) signal stimulus 
A) discriminative stimulus 
B) reinforcement schedule 
C) positive reinforcement 
D) signal stimulus

Question 12

When a three-year-old named Peter was deathly afraid of rabbits,his fear was eliminated through:

Accepted Answer

A) stimulus generalization. 
B) counterconditioning. 
C) operant conditioning. 
D) stimulus discrimination. 
A) stimulus generalization. 
B) counterconditioning. 
C) operant conditioning. 
D) stimulus discrimination.

Question 13

Match the types of learning with the appropriate names.
-Classical conditioning

Accepted Answer

A) Edward Tolman 
B) Edward Thorndike 
C) Watson and Rayner 
D) Ivan Pavlov 
E) B.F.Skinner 
A) Edward Tolman 
B) Edward Thorndike 
C) Watson and Rayner 
D) Ivan Pavlov 
E) B.F.Skinner

Question 14

Which of the following factors is NOT true with regard to the effectiveness of punishment?

Accepted Answer

A) Punishment should be immediate. 
B) Punishment should be informative. 
C) Punishment should be consistent. 
D) Punishment should be harsh or severe. 
A) Punishment should be immediate. 
B) Punishment should be informative. 
C) Punishment should be consistent. 
D) Punishment should be harsh or severe.

Question 15

When classical conditioning procedures are used with human subjects,it is just as easy to establish a conditioned fear of butterflies as it is to establish a conditioned fear of spiders.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Aiden is afraid of the bath,and so his father puts two inches of water in the tub and gives Aiden a popsicle to eat while he washes Aiden's back.This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

A) counterconditioning. 
B) latent learning. 
C) spontaneous recovery. 
D) operant conditioning. 
A) counterconditioning. 
B) latent learning. 
C) spontaneous recovery. 
D) operant conditioning.

Question 17

If you want a response to persist after it has been learned,you should reinforce it intermittently,not continuously.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Match the definitions with the appropriate terms.
-A relatively permanent change in behaviour (or behavioural potential)due to experience.

Accepted Answer

A) learning 
B) behaviourism 
C) observational learning 
D) conditioning 
E) behaviour modification 
A) learning 
B) behaviourism 
C) observational learning 
D) conditioning 
E) behaviour modification

Question 19

B.F.Skinner maintained that we can study private,internal events by observing our own sensory responses,the verbal reports of others,and the conditions under which such events occur.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

In her 1924 article,"A laboratory study of fear: The case of Peter," Mary Cover Jones reported the successful treatment of a three-year-old boy with a "home-grown" phobia of rabbits.Name the method that was used by Mary Cover Jones.Describe the principles of her technique.What steps needed to be taken to ensure that the fear of rabbits wouldn't be generalized to pleasant stimuli? What is the variation of her procedure that has been used to treat phobias in adults?

Accepted Answer

A good answer will include the following

How do most behaviourists believe that secondary reinforcers acquire their abilities to influence behaviours?

Match the types of learning with the appropriate names. -Puzzle boxes

If you want to modify someone's behaviour,then it is most effective if you accentuate the positive.

According to most behaviourists,secondary punishers acquire their abilities to influence behaviours through what process?

If you want to train a hamster to pick up a marble:

Give a possible reason that explains how extrinsic rewards tend to undermine the pleasure of doing something for its own sake.

Stimulus generalization has occurred if a child learns to fear spiders and then responds to beetles with fear.

In order for latent learning to occur,there must be obvious reinforcement.

________ is the classical-conditioning term for an initially neutral stimulus that comes to elicit a conditioned response.

Which of the following is a difference between classical and operant conditioning?

A ________ tells whether reinforcement is available.

When a three-year-old named Peter was deathly afraid of rabbits,his fear was eliminated through:

Match the types of learning with the appropriate names. -Classical conditioning

Which of the following factors is NOT true with regard to the effectiveness of punishment?

When classical conditioning procedures are used with human subjects,it is just as easy to establish a conditioned fear of butterflies as it is to establish a conditioned fear of spiders.

Aiden is afraid of the bath,and so his father puts two inches of water in the tub and gives Aiden a popsicle to eat while he washes Aiden's back.This is an example of:

If you want a response to persist after it has been learned,you should reinforce it intermittently,not continuously.

Match the definitions with the appropriate terms. -A relatively permanent change in behaviour (or behavioural potential)due to experience.

B.F.Skinner maintained that we can study private,internal events by observing our own sensory responses,the verbal reports of others,and the conditions under which such events occur.

What Is Psychology

How Psychologists Do Research

Genes,evolution,and Environment

The Brain: Source of Mind and Self

Body Rhythms and Mental States

Sensation and Perception

Behaviour in Social and Cultural Context

Thinking and Intelligence

Memory

Emotion,stress,and Health

Motivation

Development Over the Life Span

Theories of Personality

Psychological Disorders

Approaches to Treatment and Therapy

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Exam 7: Learning and Conditioning

How do most behaviourists believe that secondary reinforcers acquire their abilities to influence behaviours?

Match the types of learning with the appropriate names. -Puzzle boxes

If you want to modify someone's behaviour,then it is most effective if you accentuate the positive.

According to most behaviourists,secondary punishers acquire their abilities to influence behaviours through what process?

If you want to train a hamster to pick up a marble:

Give a possible reason that explains how extrinsic rewards tend to undermine the pleasure of doing something for its own sake.

Stimulus generalization has occurred if a child learns to fear spiders and then responds to beetles with fear.

In order for latent learning to occur,there must be obvious reinforcement.

________ is the classical-conditioning term for an initially neutral stimulus that comes to elicit a conditioned response.

Which of the following is a difference between classical and operant conditioning?

A ________ tells whether reinforcement is available.

When a three-year-old named Peter was deathly afraid of rabbits,his fear was eliminated through:

Match the types of learning with the appropriate names. -Classical conditioning

Which of the following factors is NOT true with regard to the effectiveness of punishment?

When classical conditioning procedures are used with human subjects,it is just as easy to establish a conditioned fear of butterflies as it is to establish a conditioned fear of spiders.

Aiden is afraid of the bath,and so his father puts two inches of water in the tub and gives Aiden a popsicle to eat while he washes Aiden's back.This is an example of:

If you want a response to persist after it has been learned,you should reinforce it intermittently,not continuously.

Match the definitions with the appropriate terms. -A relatively permanent change in behaviour (or behavioural potential)due to experience.

B.F.Skinner maintained that we can study private,internal events by observing our own sensory responses,the verbal reports of others,and the conditions under which such events occur.

What Is Psychology

How Psychologists Do Research

Genes,evolution,and Environment

The Brain: Source of Mind and Self

Body Rhythms and Mental States

Sensation and Perception

Behaviour in Social and Cultural Context

Thinking and Intelligence

Memory

Emotion,stress,and Health

Motivation

Development Over the Life Span

Theories of Personality

Psychological Disorders

Approaches to Treatment and Therapy

Filters