Question 1

Identify the five commonly available methods of birth control and indicate which ones provide the most protection against STDs.

Accepted Answer

Abstinence - provides protection against STDs Morning-after pills - does not provide protection against STDs Contraceptive vaccines - does not provide protection against STDs Male condom - provides protection against STDs Female condom - provides protection against STDs Intrauterine device - does not provide protection against STDs Male hormonal birth control - does not provide protection against STDs

Question 2

Identify how the HAART works when used on a patient that has contracted HIV.

Accepted Answer

A) Entry inhibitors in HAART will prevent the HIV virus from binding to the CD4 receptors on the cell membranes.AZT will interfere with the conversion of viral RNA into DNA and the integrase inhibitors prevent HIV from inserting its DNA into the host cell. 
B) Entry inhibitors in HAART will prevent the HIV virus from fitting through the protein channels of the cell membranes.AZT will interfere with the conversion of viral DNA into RNA and the integrase inhibitors prevent HIV from inserting its DNA into the host cell. 
C) Entry inhibitors in HAART will prevent the HIV virus from binding to the CD4 receptors on the cell membranes.AZT will interfere with the conversion of viral DNA into RNA and the integrase inhibitors prevent HIV from inserting its DNA into the host cell. 
D) Entry inhibitors in HAART will prevent the HIV virus from binding to the CD4 receptors on the cell membranes.AZT will interfere with the conversion of viral RNA into the cellular proteins and the integrase inhibitors prevent HIV from inserting its DNA into the host cell. 
E) AZT in HAART will prevent the HIV virus from binding to the CD4 receptors on the cell membranes.Inhibitors will interfere with the conversion of viral RNA into DNA and the integrase inhibitors prevent HIV from inserting its DNA into the host cell. 
A) Entry inhibitors in HAART will prevent the HIV virus from binding to the CD4 receptors on the cell membranes.AZT will interfere with the conversion of viral RNA into DNA and the integrase inhibitors prevent HIV from inserting its DNA into the host cell. 
B) Entry inhibitors in HAART will prevent the HIV virus from fitting through the protein channels of the cell membranes.AZT will interfere with the conversion of viral DNA into RNA and the integrase inhibitors prevent HIV from inserting its DNA into the host cell. 
C) Entry inhibitors in HAART will prevent the HIV virus from binding to the CD4 receptors on the cell membranes.AZT will interfere with the conversion of viral DNA into RNA and the integrase inhibitors prevent HIV from inserting its DNA into the host cell. 
D) Entry inhibitors in HAART will prevent the HIV virus from binding to the CD4 receptors on the cell membranes.AZT will interfere with the conversion of viral RNA into the cellular proteins and the integrase inhibitors prevent HIV from inserting its DNA into the host cell. 
E) AZT in HAART will prevent the HIV virus from binding to the CD4 receptors on the cell membranes.Inhibitors will interfere with the conversion of viral RNA into DNA and the integrase inhibitors prevent HIV from inserting its DNA into the host cell. A

Question 3

During the luteal phase a low level of progesterone and estrogen will bring about

Accepted Answer

A) the disintegration of the endometrium and the rupturing of the blood vessels. 
B) the thickening of the endometrial lining in preparation for the implantation of a zygote. 
C) the development of a secondary oocyte. 
D) a spike of the luteinizing hormone causing the oocyte to be ovulated. 
E) the enlarging of the breast tissue in order to prepare for lactation. 
A) the disintegration of the endometrium and the rupturing of the blood vessels. 
B) the thickening of the endometrial lining in preparation for the implantation of a zygote. 
C) the development of a secondary oocyte. 
D) a spike of the luteinizing hormone causing the oocyte to be ovulated. 
E) the enlarging of the breast tissue in order to prepare for lactation. A

Question 4

When an egg erupts from a follicle,the chamber that remains and secretes hormones is the

Accepted Answer

A) oocyte. 
B) stroma. 
C) corpus luteum. 
D) primary follicle. 
E) Graafian follicle. 
A) oocyte. 
B) stroma. 
C) corpus luteum. 
D) primary follicle. 
E) Graafian follicle.

Question 5

The organ that exchanges molecules between fetal and maternal blood is the

Accepted Answer

A) vagina. 
B) oviduct. 
C) uterus. 
D) placenta. 
E) mammary gland. 
A) vagina. 
B) oviduct. 
C) uterus. 
D) placenta. 
E) mammary gland.

Question 6

All of the following statements concerning activities in the female reproductive system are true EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A) the follicles in the ovary produce estrogen. 
B) a surge of FSH is believed to promote ovulation. 
C) the placenta can produce both estrogen and progesterone. 
D) LH stimulates the formation of the corpus luteum. 
E) the corpus luteum produces progesterone. 
A) the follicles in the ovary produce estrogen. 
B) a surge of FSH is believed to promote ovulation. 
C) the placenta can produce both estrogen and progesterone. 
D) LH stimulates the formation of the corpus luteum. 
E) the corpus luteum produces progesterone.

Question 7

Contraception (preventing conception)and birth control (preventing live birth)are not quite the same.To which category do "morning-after" pills and mifepristone (RU-486)belong,and why?

Accepted Answer

The "morning-after" pills and mifepristo

Question 8

In most male animals,the penis or other copulatory organ achieves erection by

Accepted Answer

A) muscle contraction. 
B) testicular pressure. 
C) bones or exoskeleton interlocking. 
D) artery dilation or hemolymph pressure. 
A) muscle contraction. 
B) testicular pressure. 
C) bones or exoskeleton interlocking. 
D) artery dilation or hemolymph pressure.

Question 9

A male accessory organ of the reproductive system that often becomes enlarged,infected,or cancerous in older men is the

Accepted Answer

A) testis. 
B) prostate gland. 
C) epididymis. 
D) bulbourethral gland. 
E) vas deferens. 
A) testis. 
B) prostate gland. 
C) epididymis. 
D) bulbourethral gland. 
E) vas deferens.

Question 10

In a 28-day cycle,the follicular phase of the ovarian cycle occurs at about ________ and the luteal phase occurs at about ________.

Accepted Answer

A) days 1-5; days 20-28 
B) days 6-13; days 1-5 
C) day 14; days 6-15 
D) days 1-13; days 15-28 
A) days 1-5; days 20-28 
B) days 6-13; days 1-5 
C) day 14; days 6-15 
D) days 1-13; days 15-28

Question 11

What is parthenogenesis?

Accepted Answer

A) a sexual means of internal fertilization 
B) an asexual means of reproduction involving budding 
C) an asexual means of reproduction by splitting or fission into several new individuals 
D) a modification of sexual reproduction in which an unfertilized egg develops into a complete individual 
E) a sexual means of reproduction by which cross-fertilization occurs between hermaphrodites 
A) a sexual means of internal fertilization 
B) an asexual means of reproduction involving budding 
C) an asexual means of reproduction by splitting or fission into several new individuals 
D) a modification of sexual reproduction in which an unfertilized egg develops into a complete individual 
E) a sexual means of reproduction by which cross-fertilization occurs between hermaphrodites

Question 12

Identify the labeled structures in the cross section of a human penis in the picture.

Accepted Answer

A: erectile tissue B: dorsal v

Question 13

Which of the following statements about reproduction is NOT true?

Accepted Answer

A) Gametes are produced by meiosis and may be specialized as eggs or sperm. 
B) Hydras may reproduce asexually by budding new individuals from the parent. 
C) Asexual reproduction is most advantageous when the environment is continually changing. 
D) A hermaphrodite produces both male and female gametes in different specialized gonads. 
E) A starfish can be cut into several pieces,and each piece will regenerate all the other parts of the individual. 
A) Gametes are produced by meiosis and may be specialized as eggs or sperm. 
B) Hydras may reproduce asexually by budding new individuals from the parent. 
C) Asexual reproduction is most advantageous when the environment is continually changing. 
D) A hermaphrodite produces both male and female gametes in different specialized gonads. 
E) A starfish can be cut into several pieces,and each piece will regenerate all the other parts of the individual.

Question 14

Fertilization in humans normally occurs in the

Accepted Answer

A) uterus. 
B) vagina. 
C) abdominal cavity. 
D) ovarian follicle. 
E) uterine tube. 
A) uterus. 
B) vagina. 
C) abdominal cavity. 
D) ovarian follicle. 
E) uterine tube.

Question 15

Identify and briefly describe the function of the labeled structures on the sperm in the picture.

Accepted Answer

A.acrosome: covers the head of the sperm

Question 16

All of the following animals are likely to undergo parthenogenesis EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A) humans. 
B) flatworms. 
C) fish. 
D) lizards. 
E) insects. 
A) humans. 
B) flatworms. 
C) fish. 
D) lizards. 
E) insects.

Question 17

In in-vitro fertilization,sperm are placed in the vagina of a woman by a physician.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Which of the following is not one of the stages of HIV infection?

Accepted Answer

A) a greater than 500 CD4 + T cells per microliter of blood 
B) a CD4 + T cell count between 200 and 499 per microliter of blood 
C) a CD4 + T cell count below 200 per microliter of blood 
D) opportunistic infections 
E) flat or raised lesions on the penis or vulva 
A) a greater than 500 CD4 + T cells per microliter of blood 
B) a CD4 + T cell count between 200 and 499 per microliter of blood 
C) a CD4 + T cell count below 200 per microliter of blood 
D) opportunistic infections 
E) flat or raised lesions on the penis or vulva

Question 19

The STD ________ causes an inflammation of the liver and is preventable by ________.

Accepted Answer

A) hepatitis A; vaccination 
B) hepatitis B; using a male condom 
C) HIV; vaccination 
D) gonorrhea; vaccination 
E) syphilis; male condom 
A) hepatitis A; vaccination 
B) hepatitis B; using a male condom 
C) HIV; vaccination 
D) gonorrhea; vaccination 
E) syphilis; male condom

Question 20

Which of the following features is NOT an advantage of an organism that has a viviparous life history?

Accepted Answer

A) The eggs are retained within the body of the mother until the offspring are able to fend for themselves. 
B) Development of the offspring occurs inside of the female. 
C) Offspring can live independently shortly after they are born. 
D) The mother supplies the offspring with nourishment,even after birth. 
E) The unborn offspring is supplied with a continuous flow of nutrients during development. 
A) The eggs are retained within the body of the mother until the offspring are able to fend for themselves. 
B) Development of the offspring occurs inside of the female. 
C) Offspring can live independently shortly after they are born. 
D) The mother supplies the offspring with nourishment,even after birth. 
E) The unborn offspring is supplied with a continuous flow of nutrients during development.

Exam 41: Reproductive Systems

Identify the five commonly available methods of birth control and indicate which ones provide the most protection against STDs.

Identify how the HAART works when used on a patient that has contracted HIV.

During the luteal phase a low level of progesterone and estrogen will bring about

When an egg erupts from a follicle,the chamber that remains and secretes hormones is the

The organ that exchanges molecules between fetal and maternal blood is the

All of the following statements concerning activities in the female reproductive system are true EXCEPT

Contraception (preventing conception)and birth control (preventing live birth)are not quite the same.To which category do "morning-after" pills and mifepristone (RU-486)belong,and why?

In most male animals,the penis or other copulatory organ achieves erection by

A male accessory organ of the reproductive system that often becomes enlarged,infected,or cancerous in older men is the

In a 28-day cycle,the follicular phase of the ovarian cycle occurs at about ________ and the luteal phase occurs at about ________.

What is parthenogenesis?

Identify the labeled structures in the cross section of a human penis in the picture.

Which of the following statements about reproduction is NOT true?

Fertilization in humans normally occurs in the

Identify and briefly describe the function of the labeled structures on the sperm in the picture.

All of the following animals are likely to undergo parthenogenesis EXCEPT

In in-vitro fertilization,sperm are placed in the vagina of a woman by a physician.

Which of the following is not one of the stages of HIV infection?

The STD ________ causes an inflammation of the liver and is preventable by ________.

Which of the following features is NOT an advantage of an organism that has a viviparous life history?

A View of Life

Basic Chemistry

The Chemistry of Organic Molecules

Cell Structure and Function

Membrane Structure and Function

Metabolism: Energy and Enzymes

Photosynthesis

Cellular Respiration

The Cell Cycle and Cellular Reproduction

Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction

Mendelian Patterns of Inheritance

Molecular Biology of the Gene

Regulation of Gene Expression

Biotechnology and Genomics

Darwin and Evolution

How Populations Evolve

Speciation and Macroevolution

Origin and History of Life

Taxonomy,systematics,and Phylogeny

Viruses,bacteria,and Archaea

Protist Evolution and Diversity

Fungi Evolution and Diversity

Plant Evolution and Diversity

Flowering Plants: Structure and Organization

Flowering Plants: Nutrition and Transport

Flowering Plants: Control of Growth Responses

Flowering Plants: Reproduction

Invertebrate Evolution

Vertebrate Evolution

Human Evolution

Animal Organization and Homeostasis

Circulation and Cardiovascular Systems

The Lymphatic and Immune Systems

Digestive Systems and Nutrition

Respiratory Systems

Body Fluid Regulation and Excretory Systems

Neurons and Nervous Systems

Sense Organs

Locomotion and Support Systems

Hormones and Endocrine Systems

Animal Development and Aging

Behavioral Ecology

Population Ecology

Community and Ecosystem Ecology

Major Ecosystems of the Biosphere

Conservation of Biodiversity

Filters

In a 28-day cycle,the follicular phase of the ovarian cycle occurs at about and the luteal phase occurs at about .

The STD causes an inflammation of the liver and is preventable by .