Question 1

Why is the energy expended during endocytosis worth it?

Accepted Answer

A) The cell increases the amount of ATP produced in order to complete endocytosis. 
B) The contents drawn into the cell are isolated from the cytoplasm preventing them from altering cellular function. 
C) The cell expends such a small amount of energy to run endocytosis it doesn't really matter. 
D) There is no energy expenditure during endocytosis. 
A) The cell increases the amount of ATP produced in order to complete endocytosis. 
B) The contents drawn into the cell are isolated from the cytoplasm preventing them from altering cellular function. 
C) The cell expends such a small amount of energy to run endocytosis it doesn't really matter. 
D) There is no energy expenditure during endocytosis. B

Question 2

In a phospholipid bilayer,the

Accepted Answer

A) phosphate groups are hydrophobic. 
B) fatty acid tails are ionized. 
C) fatty acid tails are hydrophilic. 
D) proteins are located only between the two layers. 
E) phosphate heads are oriented toward the exterior of the cell or toward the cytoplasm. 
A) phosphate groups are hydrophobic. 
B) fatty acid tails are ionized. 
C) fatty acid tails are hydrophilic. 
D) proteins are located only between the two layers. 
E) phosphate heads are oriented toward the exterior of the cell or toward the cytoplasm. E

Question 3

Some parasites and disease agents regularly change their identity before our immune system can build up substantial antibodies.How can cells change their chemical identity on a regular basis?

Accepted Answer

A) Rapid evolution produces mutations. 
B) A new phospholipid bilayer is generated to replace the old layer. 
C) Because the membrane is "set," the cell must reproduce and then the cell with the old membrane must die. 
D) Cells eliminate all surface proteins and present only a naked lipid bilayer. 
E) Different glycolipids and glycoproteins are produced internally and moved into the plasma membrane. 
A) Rapid evolution produces mutations. 
B) A new phospholipid bilayer is generated to replace the old layer. 
C) Because the membrane is "set," the cell must reproduce and then the cell with the old membrane must die. 
D) Cells eliminate all surface proteins and present only a naked lipid bilayer. 
E) Different glycolipids and glycoproteins are produced internally and moved into the plasma membrane. E

Question 4

Eukaryotic cells are substantially larger than bacterial cells and average over 20 times more volume-per-surface-area than bacterial cells.How can the eukaryotic cell membrane provide this higher rate of exchange of materials?

Accepted Answer

A) Plasma membrane folds increase the surface area. 
B) Carrier proteins speed the rate at which a solute crosses the plasma membrane in the direction of decreasing concentration. 
C) Mitochondria are concentrated near membranes to provide energy for active transport of molecules or ions. 
D) Large molecules are engulfed by vesicle formation. 
E) All of the choices are correct. 
A) Plasma membrane folds increase the surface area. 
B) Carrier proteins speed the rate at which a solute crosses the plasma membrane in the direction of decreasing concentration. 
C) Mitochondria are concentrated near membranes to provide energy for active transport of molecules or ions. 
D) Large molecules are engulfed by vesicle formation. 
E) All of the choices are correct.

Question 5

Which type of junctions will create a solid barrier to prevent molecules from moving between the cells?

Accepted Answer

A) gap 
B) desmosomes 
C) tight 
D) plasmodesmata 
A) gap 
B) desmosomes 
C) tight 
D) plasmodesmata

Question 6

Which statement is true about the plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

A) The proteins make up the matrix of the membrane. 
B) The model can be likened to a sandwich where phospholipids are like the bread and proteins are like the filling. 
C) The fluid nature of the membrane is regulated by flip-flopping of the phospholipids from one side of the membrane to the other. 
D) Proteins and phospholipids can move sideways within the plane of the membrane. 
A) The proteins make up the matrix of the membrane. 
B) The model can be likened to a sandwich where phospholipids are like the bread and proteins are like the filling. 
C) The fluid nature of the membrane is regulated by flip-flopping of the phospholipids from one side of the membrane to the other. 
D) Proteins and phospholipids can move sideways within the plane of the membrane.

Question 7

Red blood cells come in many "blood types" including type A,type B,type AB,type O [lacking proteins A and B],Rh positive,Rh negative [lacking Rh+],and many others.If blood is transfused,the recipient detects any new or "foreign" proteins.These blood type proteins are

Accepted Answer

A) in the plasma where they have been secreted by the red blood cells. 
B) inside the red blood cell cytoplasm. 
C) on the outer surface of the red blood cell membrane. 
D) evenly distributed throughout the cell contents and plasma. 
E) in the red blood cell nucleus. 
A) in the plasma where they have been secreted by the red blood cells. 
B) inside the red blood cell cytoplasm. 
C) on the outer surface of the red blood cell membrane. 
D) evenly distributed throughout the cell contents and plasma. 
E) in the red blood cell nucleus.

Question 8

Which process is responsible for moving cellular wastes across the cell membrane and out of the cell?

Accepted Answer

A) endocytosis 
B) exocytosis 
C) pinocytosis 
D) receptor-mediated endocytosis 
A) endocytosis 
B) exocytosis 
C) pinocytosis 
D) receptor-mediated endocytosis

Question 9

Active transport

Accepted Answer

A) requires an input of ATP. 
B) is involved in diffusion. 
C) occurs in osmosis and facilitated transport. 
D) All of the choices are correct. 
A) requires an input of ATP. 
B) is involved in diffusion. 
C) occurs in osmosis and facilitated transport. 
D) All of the choices are correct.

Question 10

Which is the best definition of osmosis?

Accepted Answer

A) The movement of molecules from an area of their higher concentration to an area of their lower concentration. 
B) The movement of water across a semipermeable membrane from an area of higher water concentration to an area of lower water concentration. 
C) The movement of molecules from an area of their lower concentration to an area of their higher concentration. 
D) The movement of water across a semipermeable membrane from an area of lower water concentration to an area of higher water concentration. 
E) The movement of a substance against its concentration gradient through the release of energy from ATP. 
A) The movement of molecules from an area of their higher concentration to an area of their lower concentration. 
B) The movement of water across a semipermeable membrane from an area of higher water concentration to an area of lower water concentration. 
C) The movement of molecules from an area of their lower concentration to an area of their higher concentration. 
D) The movement of water across a semipermeable membrane from an area of lower water concentration to an area of higher water concentration. 
E) The movement of a substance against its concentration gradient through the release of energy from ATP.

Question 11

Which sentence does NOT describe one of the functions of proteins of the plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

A) Proteins of the plasma membrane can form a channel through the membrane. 
B) Proteins of the plasma membrane can initiate the replication of the genetic material. 
C) Proteins of the plasma membrane can bind to a substance to carry it through the membrane. 
D) Proteins of the plasma membrane can act as a receptor for substances external to the cell. 
E) Proteins of the plasma membrane can increase the rate of a chemical reaction. 
A) Proteins of the plasma membrane can form a channel through the membrane. 
B) Proteins of the plasma membrane can initiate the replication of the genetic material. 
C) Proteins of the plasma membrane can bind to a substance to carry it through the membrane. 
D) Proteins of the plasma membrane can act as a receptor for substances external to the cell. 
E) Proteins of the plasma membrane can increase the rate of a chemical reaction.

Question 12

Design an experiment that illustrates how any one of these factors (temperature,pressure,molecule size)may affect the rate of diffusion.

Accepted Answer

Answer may vary.A simple experiment to t

Question 13

Which type of molecule will require energy to cross the cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

A) Na+ 
B) nonpolar molecules 
C) carbon dioxide 
D) oxygen 
A) Na+ 
B) nonpolar molecules 
C) carbon dioxide 
D) oxygen

Question 14

Which of the following protein functions is not correctly associated with the correct integral protein?

Accepted Answer

A) carrier proteins-facilitate passage of molecules through the membrane 
B) enzymatic proteins-catalyze a specific reaction 
C) channel proteins-block the activity of carrier proteins 
D) cell recognition proteins-recognize pathogens 
A) carrier proteins-facilitate passage of molecules through the membrane 
B) enzymatic proteins-catalyze a specific reaction 
C) channel proteins-block the activity of carrier proteins 
D) cell recognition proteins-recognize pathogens

Question 15

Which of the following are major functions of the plasma membrane? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A) separation of the fluid environments inside and outside the cell 
B) regulation of molecules and ions that pass into and out of the cell 
C) recognition and communication between different cells and tissues 
D) maintaining connections between adjacent cells 
E) production of proteins used in construction of the cell wall 
A) separation of the fluid environments inside and outside the cell 
B) regulation of molecules and ions that pass into and out of the cell 
C) recognition and communication between different cells and tissues 
D) maintaining connections between adjacent cells 
E) production of proteins used in construction of the cell wall

Question 16

Study the series of pictures to identify the process as

Accepted Answer

A) facilitated transport. 
B) active transport. 
C) passive transport. 
D) osmosis. 
A) facilitated transport. 
B) active transport. 
C) passive transport. 
D) osmosis.

Question 17

The process by which a white blood cell or an amoeba engulfs bacteria is called pinocytosis.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

A 10% glucose solution is placed in the thistle tube.The thistle tube is placed in a beaker that contains a 5% glucose solution.There is a differentially permeable membrane across the broad end of the tube,which is permeable to water but not to the sugar glucose.As diffusion occurs,

Accepted Answer

A) the 10% solution will become more concentrated and the 5% solution will become less concentrated. 
B) both solutions will become more concentrated. 
C) the 10% solution will become less concentrated and the 5% solution will become more concentrated. 
D) both solutions will become less concentrated. 
A) the 10% solution will become more concentrated and the 5% solution will become less concentrated. 
B) both solutions will become more concentrated. 
C) the 10% solution will become less concentrated and the 5% solution will become more concentrated. 
D) both solutions will become less concentrated.

Question 19

Which of the following is NOT associated with animal cells?

Accepted Answer

A) an extracellular matrix 
B) plasmodesmata 
C) gap junctions 
D) adhesion junctions (desmosomes) 
E) tight junctions 
A) an extracellular matrix 
B) plasmodesmata 
C) gap junctions 
D) adhesion junctions (desmosomes) 
E) tight junctions

Question 20

An extracellular matrix helps some cells adhere to neighboring cells.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 5: Membrane Structure and Function

Why is the energy expended during endocytosis worth it?

In a phospholipid bilayer,the

Some parasites and disease agents regularly change their identity before our immune system can build up substantial antibodies.How can cells change their chemical identity on a regular basis?

Eukaryotic cells are substantially larger than bacterial cells and average over 20 times more volume-per-surface-area than bacterial cells.How can the eukaryotic cell membrane provide this higher rate of exchange of materials?

Which type of junctions will create a solid barrier to prevent molecules from moving between the cells?

Which statement is true about the plasma membrane?

Red blood cells come in many "blood types" including type A,type B,type AB,type O [lacking proteins A and B],Rh positive,Rh negative [lacking Rh+],and many others.If blood is transfused,the recipient detects any new or "foreign" proteins.These blood type proteins are

Which process is responsible for moving cellular wastes across the cell membrane and out of the cell?

Active transport

Which is the best definition of osmosis?

Which sentence does NOT describe one of the functions of proteins of the plasma membrane?

Design an experiment that illustrates how any one of these factors (temperature,pressure,molecule size)may affect the rate of diffusion.

Which type of molecule will require energy to cross the cell membrane?

Which of the following protein functions is not correctly associated with the correct integral protein?

Which of the following are major functions of the plasma membrane? Select all that apply.

Study the series of pictures to identify the process as

The process by which a white blood cell or an amoeba engulfs bacteria is called pinocytosis.

A 10% glucose solution is placed in the thistle tube.The thistle tube is placed in a beaker that contains a 5% glucose solution.There is a differentially permeable membrane across the broad end of the tube,which is permeable to water but not to the sugar glucose.As diffusion occurs,

Which of the following is NOT associated with animal cells?

An extracellular matrix helps some cells adhere to neighboring cells.

A View of Life

Basic Chemistry

The Chemistry of Organic Molecules

Cell Structure and Function

Metabolism: Energy and Enzymes

Photosynthesis

Cellular Respiration

The Cell Cycle and Cellular Reproduction

Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction

Mendelian Patterns of Inheritance

Molecular Biology of the Gene

Regulation of Gene Expression

Biotechnology and Genomics

Darwin and Evolution

How Populations Evolve

Speciation and Macroevolution

Origin and History of Life

Taxonomy,systematics,and Phylogeny

Viruses,bacteria,and Archaea

Protist Evolution and Diversity

Fungi Evolution and Diversity

Plant Evolution and Diversity

Flowering Plants: Structure and Organization

Flowering Plants: Nutrition and Transport

Flowering Plants: Control of Growth Responses

Flowering Plants: Reproduction

Invertebrate Evolution

Vertebrate Evolution

Human Evolution

Animal Organization and Homeostasis

Circulation and Cardiovascular Systems

The Lymphatic and Immune Systems

Digestive Systems and Nutrition

Respiratory Systems

Body Fluid Regulation and Excretory Systems

Neurons and Nervous Systems

Sense Organs

Locomotion and Support Systems

Hormones and Endocrine Systems

Reproductive Systems

Animal Development and Aging

Behavioral Ecology

Population Ecology

Community and Ecosystem Ecology

Major Ecosystems of the Biosphere

Conservation of Biodiversity

Filters

Red blood cells come in many "blood types" including type A,type B,type AB,type O [lacking proteins A and B],Rh positive,Rh negative [lacking Rh⁺],and many others.If blood is transfused,the recipient detects any new or "foreign" proteins.These blood type proteins are