Question 1

Erasmus Darwin,Charles Darwin's grandfather,suggested the possibility of evolutionary descent in his writings.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 2

The organisms on the Galápagos Islands that were most important to the development of Darwin's theory of natural selection were

Accepted Answer

A) rabbits and hares. 
B) plants and fungi. 
C) tortoises and finches. 
D) snails and fish. 
E) monkeys and armadillos. 
A) rabbits and hares. 
B) plants and fungi. 
C) tortoises and finches. 
D) snails and fish. 
E) monkeys and armadillos. C

Question 3

Which scientist presented arguments to support a theory of geological change,proposing that the earth was subject to slow but continuous erosion and uplift?

Accepted Answer

A) Leclerc 
B) Lamarck 
C) Cuvier 
D) Lyell 
A) Leclerc 
B) Lamarck 
C) Cuvier 
D) Lyell D

Question 4

Which of the following statements relate to natural selection? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A) differential reproductive success 
B) competition for resources 
C) heritable variation 
D) breeding to increase the frequency of desired traits 
E) fitness 
A) differential reproductive success 
B) competition for resources 
C) heritable variation 
D) breeding to increase the frequency of desired traits 
E) fitness

Question 5

During the course of Darwin's journey aboard the HMS Beagle he was collecting and recording ________ and ________.

Accepted Answer

A) biological; genetic evidence 
B) religious; political evidence 
C) historical; biological evidence 
D) fossils; geological evidence 
E) geological; biological diversity evidence 
A) biological; genetic evidence 
B) religious; political evidence 
C) historical; biological evidence 
D) fossils; geological evidence 
E) geological; biological diversity evidence

Question 6

Which of the following observations were made during Darwin's journey aboard the Beagle that led him to believe in evolution?

Accepted Answer

A) geological formations and species variations 
B) geological formation and the fixation of species 
C) artificial selection and species variation 
D) All of the above are correct. 
A) geological formations and species variations 
B) geological formation and the fixation of species 
C) artificial selection and species variation 
D) All of the above are correct.

Question 7

The chart depicts the number of amino acid differences in cytochrome C between several different organisms and humans.What conclusions can you draw from this chart?

Accepted Answer

Answers may vary.Assumptions include cyt

Question 8

Which of the following piece of fossil evidence was not observed during Darwin's journey aboard the Beagle?

Accepted Answer

A) fossilized remains of the Glyptodont 
B) fossilized remains of a giant ground sloth 
C) 13 different species of fossilized finches on the Galápagos Islands 
D) fossilized marine shells in the cliffs of the Andes Mountains 
A) fossilized remains of the Glyptodont 
B) fossilized remains of a giant ground sloth 
C) 13 different species of fossilized finches on the Galápagos Islands 
D) fossilized marine shells in the cliffs of the Andes Mountains

Question 9

Fossils like Archaeopteryx offer evidence linking

Accepted Answer

A) reptiles and mammals. 
B) fish and amphibians. 
C) birds and mammals. 
D) birds and dinosaurs. 
E) amphibians and reptiles. 
A) reptiles and mammals. 
B) fish and amphibians. 
C) birds and mammals. 
D) birds and dinosaurs. 
E) amphibians and reptiles.

Question 10

About 12,000 years ago,a mass extinction event occurred and 75% of the world's large mammal species were eliminated.While a small number of cheetahs managed to survive and restore the world's population of cheetahs,this event caused an extreme reduction of the cheetah's genetic diversity.Based on the principles of natural selection,which of the following is a consequence of their reduced genetic diversity?

Accepted Answer

A) Cheetahs have never fully adapted to the current environment. 
B) Cheetahs within the same population do not vary in their reproductive success. 
C) Cheetahs are unable to effectively compete with each other for resources. 
D) Cheetahs have very little heritable variation,which will make it difficult for them to adapt as the environment changes. 
A) Cheetahs have never fully adapted to the current environment. 
B) Cheetahs within the same population do not vary in their reproductive success. 
C) Cheetahs are unable to effectively compete with each other for resources. 
D) Cheetahs have very little heritable variation,which will make it difficult for them to adapt as the environment changes.

Question 11

At Thanksgiving,your friend laments about having to eat Brussels sprouts."I hate Brussels sprouts.I wish humans had never caused Brussels sprouts to evolve!" Based on your knowledge of biology,you know that humans caused the evolution of Brussels sprouts through the mechanism of uniformitarianism.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Marsupials are more numerous in Australia than South America because of less competition with placental mammals.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Which of the following is/are true about natural selection?

Accepted Answer

A) It acts on genotypes rather than phenotypes. 
B) It assures the survival of every fit individual. 
C) On average,it favors the survival of individuals that have adaptive characteristics. 
D) It always selects for more complex forms. 
E) All of the choices are correct. 
A) It acts on genotypes rather than phenotypes. 
B) It assures the survival of every fit individual. 
C) On average,it favors the survival of individuals that have adaptive characteristics. 
D) It always selects for more complex forms. 
E) All of the choices are correct.

Question 14

In his theory of natural selection,Darwin incorporated the premise that available resources were not sufficient for all members of a population to survive.Darwin adopted these ideas of competition and survival from

Accepted Answer

A) Erasmus Darwin. 
B) Malthus. 
C) Cuvier. 
D) Lamarck. 
E) Plato. 
A) Erasmus Darwin. 
B) Malthus. 
C) Cuvier. 
D) Lamarck. 
E) Plato.

Question 15

Hutton's theory of geological change included all EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A) sudden extinction of species due to sudden,widespread disasters. 
B) slow cycles of erosion and uplift. 
C) production of layers of sediment through slow deposition. 
D) extreme geological change occurring over a long period of time. 
A) sudden extinction of species due to sudden,widespread disasters. 
B) slow cycles of erosion and uplift. 
C) production of layers of sediment through slow deposition. 
D) extreme geological change occurring over a long period of time.

Question 16

An idea that could be traced back to Plato is that

Accepted Answer

A) species could change with time. 
B) variation is due to imperfections in copies of some perfect ideal form. 
C) artificial selection of animals by humans proves that evolution can occur. 
D) acquired characteristics could be passed from parents to offspring. 
E) worldwide catastrophes caused extinction,followed by creation of new species. 
A) species could change with time. 
B) variation is due to imperfections in copies of some perfect ideal form. 
C) artificial selection of animals by humans proves that evolution can occur. 
D) acquired characteristics could be passed from parents to offspring. 
E) worldwide catastrophes caused extinction,followed by creation of new species.

Question 17

Tiktaalik roseae,also known as the "fishapod," is an example of an extant species.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Darwin's geometric ratio of increase pertains specifically to

Accepted Answer

A) the inheritable variations found in a population. 
B) the artificial selection of traits in plants or animals. 
C) the inheritance of acquired traits. 
D) the overproduction potential of a species. 
A) the inheritable variations found in a population. 
B) the artificial selection of traits in plants or animals. 
C) the inheritance of acquired traits. 
D) the overproduction potential of a species.

Question 19

Darwin's assumption that living forms must be descended from extinct forms was based on ________ evidence.

Accepted Answer

A) anatomical 
B) biochemical 
C) fossil 
D) biogeographical 
A) anatomical 
B) biochemical 
C) fossil 
D) biogeographical

Question 20

What is the main reason that the alternative explanations to evolution are not considered scientific?

Accepted Answer

A) The alternative explanations are not testable by the scientific method. 
B) The people suggesting the alternative explanations are not scientists. 
C) The scientific community is biased and will not look at any other explanation. 
D) All of these are reasons why the alternative explanations are not considered scientific. 
A) The alternative explanations are not testable by the scientific method. 
B) The people suggesting the alternative explanations are not scientists. 
C) The scientific community is biased and will not look at any other explanation. 
D) All of these are reasons why the alternative explanations are not considered scientific.

Exam 15: Darwin and Evolution

Erasmus Darwin,Charles Darwin's grandfather,suggested the possibility of evolutionary descent in his writings.

The organisms on the Galápagos Islands that were most important to the development of Darwin's theory of natural selection were

Which scientist presented arguments to support a theory of geological change,proposing that the earth was subject to slow but continuous erosion and uplift?

Which of the following statements relate to natural selection? Select all that apply.

During the course of Darwin's journey aboard the HMS Beagle he was collecting and recording ________ and ________.

Which of the following observations were made during Darwin's journey aboard the Beagle that led him to believe in evolution?

The chart depicts the number of amino acid differences in cytochrome C between several different organisms and humans.What conclusions can you draw from this chart?

Which of the following piece of fossil evidence was not observed during Darwin's journey aboard the Beagle?

Fossils like Archaeopteryx offer evidence linking

At Thanksgiving,your friend laments about having to eat Brussels sprouts."I hate Brussels sprouts.I wish humans had never caused Brussels sprouts to evolve!" Based on your knowledge of biology,you know that humans caused the evolution of Brussels sprouts through the mechanism of uniformitarianism.

Marsupials are more numerous in Australia than South America because of less competition with placental mammals.

Which of the following is/are true about natural selection?

In his theory of natural selection,Darwin incorporated the premise that available resources were not sufficient for all members of a population to survive.Darwin adopted these ideas of competition and survival from

Hutton's theory of geological change included all EXCEPT

An idea that could be traced back to Plato is that

Tiktaalik roseae,also known as the "fishapod," is an example of an extant species.

Darwin's geometric ratio of increase pertains specifically to

Darwin's assumption that living forms must be descended from extinct forms was based on ________ evidence.

What is the main reason that the alternative explanations to evolution are not considered scientific?

A View of Life

Basic Chemistry

The Chemistry of Organic Molecules

Cell Structure and Function

Membrane Structure and Function

Metabolism: Energy and Enzymes

Photosynthesis

Cellular Respiration

The Cell Cycle and Cellular Reproduction

Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction

Mendelian Patterns of Inheritance

Molecular Biology of the Gene

Regulation of Gene Expression

Biotechnology and Genomics

How Populations Evolve

Speciation and Macroevolution

Origin and History of Life

Taxonomy,systematics,and Phylogeny

Viruses,bacteria,and Archaea

Protist Evolution and Diversity

Fungi Evolution and Diversity

Plant Evolution and Diversity

Flowering Plants: Structure and Organization

Flowering Plants: Nutrition and Transport

Flowering Plants: Control of Growth Responses

Flowering Plants: Reproduction

Invertebrate Evolution

Vertebrate Evolution

Human Evolution

Animal Organization and Homeostasis

Circulation and Cardiovascular Systems

The Lymphatic and Immune Systems

Digestive Systems and Nutrition

Respiratory Systems

Body Fluid Regulation and Excretory Systems

Neurons and Nervous Systems

Sense Organs

Locomotion and Support Systems

Hormones and Endocrine Systems

Reproductive Systems

Animal Development and Aging

Behavioral Ecology

Population Ecology

Community and Ecosystem Ecology

Major Ecosystems of the Biosphere

Conservation of Biodiversity

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During the course of Darwin's journey aboard the HMS Beagle he was collecting and recording and .