Question 1

The major body parts of an insect include:

Accepted Answer

A) head,cephalothorax,and abdomen. 
B) cephalothorax,midsection,and abdomen. 
C) head,thorax,and abdomen. 
D) head,prothorax,and metathorax. 
E) head,cephalothorax,and genitalia. 
A) head,cephalothorax,and abdomen. 
B) cephalothorax,midsection,and abdomen. 
C) head,thorax,and abdomen. 
D) head,prothorax,and metathorax. 
E) head,cephalothorax,and genitalia. C

Question 2

Identify the features unique to protostome development.

Accepted Answer

A) Coelom forms by a splitting of the mesoderm,the blastopore becomes the mouth,and the cleavage is spiral. 
B) Coelom forms by a splitting of the mesoderm,the blastopore becomes the anus,and the cleavage is spiral. 
C) Coelom forms by a splitting of the mesoderm,the blastopore becomes the mouth,and the cleavage is radial. 
D) None of the features listed are unique to the protostomes. 
A) Coelom forms by a splitting of the mesoderm,the blastopore becomes the mouth,and the cleavage is spiral. 
B) Coelom forms by a splitting of the mesoderm,the blastopore becomes the anus,and the cleavage is spiral. 
C) Coelom forms by a splitting of the mesoderm,the blastopore becomes the mouth,and the cleavage is radial. 
D) None of the features listed are unique to the protostomes. A

Question 3

If you live on a river delta or coastline,you may not be able to eat the local shellfish because of high levels of toxins,even though you may be able to drink the water taken from the same source.Why?

Accepted Answer

A) Shellfish seasonally produce toxic substances. 
B) Shellfish regularly consume poisonous red tide organisms. 
C) Most harmless native clams have been replaced by bad species. 
D) Shellfish filter-feed and concentrate the dilute pollutants from the water,thus acting as early warning indicators of severe pollution. 
A) Shellfish seasonally produce toxic substances. 
B) Shellfish regularly consume poisonous red tide organisms. 
C) Most harmless native clams have been replaced by bad species. 
D) Shellfish filter-feed and concentrate the dilute pollutants from the water,thus acting as early warning indicators of severe pollution. D

Question 4

Which of the following features is not one of the key features that led to the success of the arthropods?

Accepted Answer

A) segmented body 
B) exoskeleton 
C) brain and a ventral nerve cord 
D) contain a variety of respiratory organs 
E) All are features that made arthropods successful. 
A) segmented body 
B) exoskeleton 
C) brain and a ventral nerve cord 
D) contain a variety of respiratory organs 
E) All are features that made arthropods successful.

Question 5

What is the function of the buds formed by hydra?

Accepted Answer

A) They aid in digestion. 
B) They develop into cnidocytes and can be used in defense. 
C) They develop into the nerve net and are used to detect prey. 
D) They produce new epidermal tissue to replace the old tissue. 
E) They are a form of asexual reproduction. 
A) They aid in digestion. 
B) They develop into cnidocytes and can be used in defense. 
C) They develop into the nerve net and are used to detect prey. 
D) They produce new epidermal tissue to replace the old tissue. 
E) They are a form of asexual reproduction.

Question 6

Human tapeworm infections occur by

Accepted Answer

A) eating insufficiently cooked infected pork or beef. 
B) being bitten by a mosquito. 
C) ingesting eggs in contaminated water. 
D) eating freshly peeled fruit. 
E) All of the choices are correct. 
A) eating insufficiently cooked infected pork or beef. 
B) being bitten by a mosquito. 
C) ingesting eggs in contaminated water. 
D) eating freshly peeled fruit. 
E) All of the choices are correct.

Question 7

Which list of traits is characteristic of the ecdysozoans?

Accepted Answer

A) Periodically shed their outer covering,nonsegmented body plan and pseudocoelom on some,contain an exoskeleton,and undergo metamorphosis. 
B) Periodically shed their outer covering,nonsegmented body plan and contain a layer of jellylike fluid called mesoglea,contain an exoskeleton,and undergo metamorphosis. 
C) Periodically shed their outer covering,segmented body plan and pseudocoelom on some,contain an endoskeleton,and undergo metamorphosis. 
D) None of the these are correct. 
A) Periodically shed their outer covering,nonsegmented body plan and pseudocoelom on some,contain an exoskeleton,and undergo metamorphosis. 
B) Periodically shed their outer covering,nonsegmented body plan and contain a layer of jellylike fluid called mesoglea,contain an exoskeleton,and undergo metamorphosis. 
C) Periodically shed their outer covering,segmented body plan and pseudocoelom on some,contain an endoskeleton,and undergo metamorphosis. 
D) None of the these are correct.

Question 8

Which of the following list of features describes the molluscs and bivalves but not the annelids?

Accepted Answer

A) Reduced cephalization,contain a muscular foot and a mantle,may possess a hard outer shell. 
B) Presence of cephalization,contain a muscular foot and a mantle,may possess a hard outer shell and have a complete digestive system. 
C) Lack of cephalization,contains circular muscles that enable them to move,may possess a hard outer shell,and have a complete digestive system. 
D) Lack of cephalization,every member of the group will have a hard outer shell as well as a complete digestive system. 
E) None of these lists describes the molluscs and bivalves but not the annelids. 
A) Reduced cephalization,contain a muscular foot and a mantle,may possess a hard outer shell. 
B) Presence of cephalization,contain a muscular foot and a mantle,may possess a hard outer shell and have a complete digestive system. 
C) Lack of cephalization,contains circular muscles that enable them to move,may possess a hard outer shell,and have a complete digestive system. 
D) Lack of cephalization,every member of the group will have a hard outer shell as well as a complete digestive system. 
E) None of these lists describes the molluscs and bivalves but not the annelids.

Question 9

Earthworms possess both male and female organs on separate segments.Mating could be described as "parallel parking" in opposite directions,and cross-fertilizing.Given this information,which of the following is (are)true?

Accepted Answer

A) This is evidence of a primitive state that is generally less efficient than separate sexes. 
B) This is primarily to allow them to self-fertilize if no other worm is in their sector of the soil. 
C) This is an advantage since they can mate with any other earthworm of the same species that they encounter. 
D) Maintaining any system not clearly male or female is disadvantageous; the earthworm is trapped in an evolutionary dead end. 
A) This is evidence of a primitive state that is generally less efficient than separate sexes. 
B) This is primarily to allow them to self-fertilize if no other worm is in their sector of the soil. 
C) This is an advantage since they can mate with any other earthworm of the same species that they encounter. 
D) Maintaining any system not clearly male or female is disadvantageous; the earthworm is trapped in an evolutionary dead end.

Question 10

Molluscs share a three-part body plan consisting of

Accepted Answer

A) a scolex,proglottids,and an anus. 
B) a corona,stomach,and intestines. 
C) a visceral mass,mantle,and foot. 
D) eyespots,a digestive system,and a nervous system. 
A) a scolex,proglottids,and an anus. 
B) a corona,stomach,and intestines. 
C) a visceral mass,mantle,and foot. 
D) eyespots,a digestive system,and a nervous system.

Question 11

Which method of reproduction is used by members of phylum Echinodermata?

Accepted Answer

A) sexual 
B) asexual 
C) budding 
D) fragmentation 
E) Both sexual and asexual 
A) sexual 
B) asexual 
C) budding 
D) fragmentation 
E) Both sexual and asexual

Question 12

Which phyla are classified in the Deuterostomia?

Accepted Answer

A) Mollusca and Chordata 
B) Arthropoda and Vertebrata 
C) Chordata and Vertebrata 
D) Echinodermata and Chordata 
E) Annelida and Mollusca 
A) Mollusca and Chordata 
B) Arthropoda and Vertebrata 
C) Chordata and Vertebrata 
D) Echinodermata and Chordata 
E) Annelida and Mollusca

Question 13

Identify the organisms that belong to the phylum that are included in the Deuterostomia.

Accepted Answer

A) octopuses and sea stars 
B) polychaetes and roundworms 
C) sea stars and crocodiles 
D) tapeworms and mollusks 
E) blood flukes and crustaceans 
A) octopuses and sea stars 
B) polychaetes and roundworms 
C) sea stars and crocodiles 
D) tapeworms and mollusks 
E) blood flukes and crustaceans

Question 14

Compare protostome development to that of the deuterostomes during each of the early embryonic stages.

Accepted Answer

During cleavage,protostome cleavage is s

Question 15

A unique species of snail has been discovered in the Negev Desert.At night,these snails use a toothlike rasping organ in their head to scrape up porous limestone; they then digest the algae that lived in the rock pores.This scraping organ is the

Accepted Answer

A) labial palp. 
B) radula. 
C) mantle. 
D) tentacle. 
E) crop. 
A) labial palp. 
B) radula. 
C) mantle. 
D) tentacle. 
E) crop.

Question 16

Which of the following features are found within the lophotrochozoa?

Accepted Answer

A) Bilateral symmetry at some point in their life,three germ layers as embryos,are aquatic,and are classified as protostomes. 
B) Bilateral symmetry at some point in their life,two germ layers as embryos,are aquatic,and are classified as protostomes. 
C) Bilateral symmetry at some point in their life,three germ layers as embryos,are aquatic,and are classified as deuterostomes. 
D) Bilateral symmetry at some point in their life,three germ layers as embryos,are terrestrial,and are classified as protostomes. 
E) Radial symmetry at some point in their life,three germ layers as embryos,are aquatic,and are classified as protostomes. 
A) Bilateral symmetry at some point in their life,three germ layers as embryos,are aquatic,and are classified as protostomes. 
B) Bilateral symmetry at some point in their life,two germ layers as embryos,are aquatic,and are classified as protostomes. 
C) Bilateral symmetry at some point in their life,three germ layers as embryos,are aquatic,and are classified as deuterostomes. 
D) Bilateral symmetry at some point in their life,three germ layers as embryos,are terrestrial,and are classified as protostomes. 
E) Radial symmetry at some point in their life,three germ layers as embryos,are aquatic,and are classified as protostomes.

Question 17

A person working in a rice paddy in Asia becomes infected with the liver fluke by

Accepted Answer

A) eating infected snails. 
B) drinking water contaminated with eggs. 
C) eating infected fish that was undercooked or raw. 
D) swimming or wading in infected water,where the cercariae enter the skin. 
A) eating infected snails. 
B) drinking water contaminated with eggs. 
C) eating infected fish that was undercooked or raw. 
D) swimming or wading in infected water,where the cercariae enter the skin.

Question 18

Sponges feed differently than comb jellies because a sponge feeds by

Accepted Answer

A) acting as a net in a current that sweeps food particles into its central cavity and digests them externally. 
B) squeezing the spongocoel cavity and sucking debris in and out through the osculum. 
C) the beating of collar cells' flagellae,which form a current; the current brings food particles which are engulfed and digested by collar cells. 
D) the beating collar cells form a current from osculum to pores; the food is engulfed by amoebocytes in the central cavity of the sponge. 
A) acting as a net in a current that sweeps food particles into its central cavity and digests them externally. 
B) squeezing the spongocoel cavity and sucking debris in and out through the osculum. 
C) the beating of collar cells' flagellae,which form a current; the current brings food particles which are engulfed and digested by collar cells. 
D) the beating collar cells form a current from osculum to pores; the food is engulfed by amoebocytes in the central cavity of the sponge.

Question 19

Name one of the smallest,if not the smallest,animals that are sometimes referred to as "wheel animalcules."

Accepted Answer

A) planaria 
B) parasitic mites 
C) fruit flies 
D) parasitic 
E) rotifers 
A) planaria 
B) parasitic mites 
C) fruit flies 
D) parasitic 
E) rotifers

Question 20

Which statement most accurately describes the colonial flagellate hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

A) Animals are descended from an ancestor that resembles a spherical colony of flagellated cells. 
B) Both animals and fungi are descended from an ancestor that resembles a spherical colony of flagellated cells. 
C) All animals are descended from an ancestor that resembles a single celled organism that was a flagellated cell. 
D) None of these describe the colonial flagellate hypothesis. 
A) Animals are descended from an ancestor that resembles a spherical colony of flagellated cells. 
B) Both animals and fungi are descended from an ancestor that resembles a spherical colony of flagellated cells. 
C) All animals are descended from an ancestor that resembles a single celled organism that was a flagellated cell. 
D) None of these describe the colonial flagellate hypothesis.

Exam 28: Invertebrate Evolution

The major body parts of an insect include:

Identify the features unique to protostome development.

If you live on a river delta or coastline,you may not be able to eat the local shellfish because of high levels of toxins,even though you may be able to drink the water taken from the same source.Why?

Which of the following features is not one of the key features that led to the success of the arthropods?

What is the function of the buds formed by hydra?

Human tapeworm infections occur by

Which list of traits is characteristic of the ecdysozoans?

Which of the following list of features describes the molluscs and bivalves but not the annelids?

Earthworms possess both male and female organs on separate segments.Mating could be described as "parallel parking" in opposite directions,and cross-fertilizing.Given this information,which of the following is (are)true?

Molluscs share a three-part body plan consisting of

Which method of reproduction is used by members of phylum Echinodermata?

Which phyla are classified in the Deuterostomia?

Identify the organisms that belong to the phylum that are included in the Deuterostomia.

Compare protostome development to that of the deuterostomes during each of the early embryonic stages.

A unique species of snail has been discovered in the Negev Desert.At night,these snails use a toothlike rasping organ in their head to scrape up porous limestone; they then digest the algae that lived in the rock pores.This scraping organ is the

Which of the following features are found within the lophotrochozoa?

A person working in a rice paddy in Asia becomes infected with the liver fluke by

Sponges feed differently than comb jellies because a sponge feeds by

Name one of the smallest,if not the smallest,animals that are sometimes referred to as "wheel animalcules."

Which statement most accurately describes the colonial flagellate hypothesis?

A View of Life

Basic Chemistry

The Chemistry of Organic Molecules

Cell Structure and Function

Membrane Structure and Function

Metabolism: Energy and Enzymes

Photosynthesis

Cellular Respiration

The Cell Cycle and Cellular Reproduction

Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction

Mendelian Patterns of Inheritance

Molecular Biology of the Gene

Regulation of Gene Expression

Biotechnology and Genomics

Darwin and Evolution

How Populations Evolve

Speciation and Macroevolution

Origin and History of Life

Taxonomy,systematics,and Phylogeny

Viruses,bacteria,and Archaea

Protist Evolution and Diversity

Fungi Evolution and Diversity

Plant Evolution and Diversity

Flowering Plants: Structure and Organization

Flowering Plants: Nutrition and Transport

Flowering Plants: Control of Growth Responses

Flowering Plants: Reproduction

Vertebrate Evolution

Human Evolution

Animal Organization and Homeostasis

Circulation and Cardiovascular Systems

The Lymphatic and Immune Systems

Digestive Systems and Nutrition

Respiratory Systems

Body Fluid Regulation and Excretory Systems

Neurons and Nervous Systems

Sense Organs

Locomotion and Support Systems

Hormones and Endocrine Systems

Reproductive Systems

Animal Development and Aging

Behavioral Ecology

Population Ecology

Community and Ecosystem Ecology

Major Ecosystems of the Biosphere

Conservation of Biodiversity

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