Question 1

Explain why the seed plants would have an advantage over the seedless plants within a community.

Accepted Answer

Seed plants often have a relationship with a pollinator which tends to increase their chances of producing offspring.Seed plants are typically larger,vascular,and contain a wider variety of structural adaptations that enable them to adapt to a variety of conditions.Seeds themselves are often more successful in a wider variety of environments than spores.

Question 2

It is possible to take a mature fern frond and rub the circular brown growths on the lower surface over a wet plug of peat moss.Soon small heart-shaped green structures grow on the nutritious peat moss plugs.What has happened?

Accepted Answer

A) Eggs and sperm released from the underside of the fern frond united on the peat plug and grew into sporophyte prothalli. 
B) Spores released from the underside of the frond germinated on the peat plug and formed the gametophyte called a prothallus. 
C) Spores released from the underside of the fern frond germinated on the peat plug and formed sporophyte rhizomes that give rise to many indusium. 
D) Gametes released from the underside of the fern frond germinated on the peat plug and formed a sporophyte structure called an archegonium. 
E) Zygotes released from the bottom of the fern frond germinated on the peat plug and grew into gametophyte fiddleheads. 
A) Eggs and sperm released from the underside of the fern frond united on the peat plug and grew into sporophyte prothalli. 
B) Spores released from the underside of the frond germinated on the peat plug and formed the gametophyte called a prothallus. 
C) Spores released from the underside of the fern frond germinated on the peat plug and formed sporophyte rhizomes that give rise to many indusium. 
D) Gametes released from the underside of the fern frond germinated on the peat plug and formed a sporophyte structure called an archegonium. 
E) Zygotes released from the bottom of the fern frond germinated on the peat plug and grew into gametophyte fiddleheads. B

Question 3

Fossils of vascular plants appear earlier in the fossil record than those of algae.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 4

The dominant plants in modern times are the ________ due to their relationship with animal pollinators.

Accepted Answer

A) gymnosperms 
B) angiosperms 
C) club mosses 
D) ferns 
A) gymnosperms 
B) angiosperms 
C) club mosses 
D) ferns

Question 5

Molecular data shows that land plants and charophytes

Accepted Answer

A) are in different clades and form a polyphyletic group. 
B) are in the same clade and form a monophyletic group. 
C) do not share common ancestry. 
D) are in the same clade but form a polyphyletic group. 
E) are in different clades but form a monophyletic group. 
A) are in different clades and form a polyphyletic group. 
B) are in the same clade and form a monophyletic group. 
C) do not share common ancestry. 
D) are in the same clade but form a polyphyletic group. 
E) are in different clades but form a monophyletic group.

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT an adaptation of plants to a terrestrial environment?

Accepted Answer

A) a dominant sporophyte with vascular tissue 
B) a cuticle to prevent water loss from exposed parts of the plant 
C) the evolution of photosynthesis in order to supply the energy necessary to live on land 
D) stomata to regulate gas exchange with the atmosphere 
A) a dominant sporophyte with vascular tissue 
B) a cuticle to prevent water loss from exposed parts of the plant 
C) the evolution of photosynthesis in order to supply the energy necessary to live on land 
D) stomata to regulate gas exchange with the atmosphere

Question 7

All of the following are true about bryophytes EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A) they are now the most abundant plant group on land. 
B) they can be found from the Antarctic to the tropics. 
C) they produce peat that can be used as fuel. 
D) they erode rocks to produce soil. 
A) they are now the most abundant plant group on land. 
B) they can be found from the Antarctic to the tropics. 
C) they produce peat that can be used as fuel. 
D) they erode rocks to produce soil.

Question 8

Seedless vascular plants include all of the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A) Psilotum-Pteridophytes. 
B) horsetails-Sphenophyta. 
C) Sphagnum-Bryophyta. 
D) whisk ferns-Psilotophyta. 
A) Psilotum-Pteridophytes. 
B) horsetails-Sphenophyta. 
C) Sphagnum-Bryophyta. 
D) whisk ferns-Psilotophyta.

Question 9

Which group of gymnosperms is found in tropical and subtropical forests?

Accepted Answer

A) Ginkgoes 
B) Conifers 
C) Cycads 
D) Gnetophytes 
E) Lycophytes 
A) Ginkgoes 
B) Conifers 
C) Cycads 
D) Gnetophytes 
E) Lycophytes

Question 10

Characteristics of eudicots include all EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A) two cotyledons. 
B) leaves with netted veins. 
C) woody or herbaceous plants. 
D) flower parts in fours and fives. 
E) vascular bundles arranged irregularly in the stem. 
A) two cotyledons. 
B) leaves with netted veins. 
C) woody or herbaceous plants. 
D) flower parts in fours and fives. 
E) vascular bundles arranged irregularly in the stem.

Question 11

In the fern life cycle,the ________ generation is dominant.

Accepted Answer

A) haploid gametophyte 
B) diploid gametophyte 
C) haploid sporophyte 
D) diploid sporophyte 
A) haploid gametophyte 
B) diploid gametophyte 
C) haploid sporophyte 
D) diploid sporophyte

Question 12

In gymnosperms and angiosperms,seeds disperse the ________ stage of the life cycle and in mosses and ferns,spores disperse the ________ stage of the life cycle.

Accepted Answer

A) sporophyte; sporophyte 
B) gametophyte; sporophyte 
C) sporophyte; gametophyte 
D) microsporocytes; megasporocytes 
A) sporophyte; sporophyte 
B) gametophyte; sporophyte 
C) sporophyte; gametophyte 
D) microsporocytes; megasporocytes

Question 13

As a botanist working for a field museum,you spend many hours in the field looking for new species of plant.On a recent trip,you came across a group of plants that may represent a new species.Each plant has seeds but they are not encased in fruit.Additionally,you notice that male and female cone structures are found on different plants.The cones are very large,and you determine average weight to be 30 kg.In which of the following groups would this plant most likely be classified?

Accepted Answer

A) fern 
B) angiosperm 
C) gnetophyte 
D) cycad 
E) conifer 
A) fern 
B) angiosperm 
C) gnetophyte 
D) cycad 
E) conifer

Question 14

When a moss spore lands on an appropriate site,it germinates into the first stage of the gametophyte called a(n)

Accepted Answer

A) antheridium. 
B) rhizoid. 
C) archegonium. 
D) protonema. 
E) prothallus. 
A) antheridium. 
B) rhizoid. 
C) archegonium. 
D) protonema. 
E) prothallus.

Question 15

As plants invaded the land,all of the following were true EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A) there was a greater availability of light for photosynthesis. 
B) there was a greater concentration of carbon dioxide available in the atmosphere. 
C) there was an increased threat of desiccation of unprotected cells. 
D) there was an increased threat from predation by animals. 
A) there was a greater availability of light for photosynthesis. 
B) there was a greater concentration of carbon dioxide available in the atmosphere. 
C) there was an increased threat of desiccation of unprotected cells. 
D) there was an increased threat from predation by animals.

Question 16

As a botanist working for a field museum,you spend many hours in the field looking for new species.On a recent trip you may have discovered a new plant species.Your observations of the new plant include small leaves with a single,unbranched vein and roots that seem to be simple extensions of the stem.Your new plant species is probably a(n):

Accepted Answer

A) Gnetophyte 
B) Lycophyte 
C) Angiosperm 
D) Liverwort 
E) Fern 
A) Gnetophyte 
B) Lycophyte 
C) Angiosperm 
D) Liverwort 
E) Fern

Question 17

A characteristic only shared by angiosperms and gymnosperms is

Accepted Answer

A) vascular tissue. 
B) fruit production. 
C) the production of seeds. 
D) protection of the embryo. 
A) vascular tissue. 
B) fruit production. 
C) the production of seeds. 
D) protection of the embryo.

Question 18

As a botanist working for a field museum,you spend many hours in the field looking for new species.On a recent trip you may have discovered a new plant species.The plant is very short,and has a stem but no roots or leaves.The stem forks and has branches that have sporangia on the tips.Further analysis reveals vascular tissue.What type of plant might you have discovered?

Accepted Answer

A) Gymnosperm 
B) Bryophyte 
C) Angiosperm 
D) Gingko 
E) Rhyniophyte 
A) Gymnosperm 
B) Bryophyte 
C) Angiosperm 
D) Gingko 
E) Rhyniophyte

Question 19

Compile a list of features that are found in the monocots and compare it to those features found in the eudicots.

Accepted Answer

Answers should include: Monocots: one co

Question 20

In the moss life cycle,the ________ is the dominant generation.

Accepted Answer

A) haploid gametophyte 
B) diploid gametophyte 
C) haploid sporophyte 
D) diploid sporophyte 
A) haploid gametophyte 
B) diploid gametophyte 
C) haploid sporophyte 
D) diploid sporophyte

Exam 23: Plant Evolution and Diversity

Explain why the seed plants would have an advantage over the seedless plants within a community.

It is possible to take a mature fern frond and rub the circular brown growths on the lower surface over a wet plug of peat moss.Soon small heart-shaped green structures grow on the nutritious peat moss plugs.What has happened?

Fossils of vascular plants appear earlier in the fossil record than those of algae.

The dominant plants in modern times are the ________ due to their relationship with animal pollinators.

Molecular data shows that land plants and charophytes

Which of the following is NOT an adaptation of plants to a terrestrial environment?

All of the following are true about bryophytes EXCEPT

Seedless vascular plants include all of the following EXCEPT

Which group of gymnosperms is found in tropical and subtropical forests?

Characteristics of eudicots include all EXCEPT

In the fern life cycle,the ________ generation is dominant.

In gymnosperms and angiosperms,seeds disperse the ________ stage of the life cycle and in mosses and ferns,spores disperse the ________ stage of the life cycle.

When a moss spore lands on an appropriate site,it germinates into the first stage of the gametophyte called a(n)

As plants invaded the land,all of the following were true EXCEPT

A characteristic only shared by angiosperms and gymnosperms is

Compile a list of features that are found in the monocots and compare it to those features found in the eudicots.

In the moss life cycle,the ________ is the dominant generation.

A View of Life

Basic Chemistry

The Chemistry of Organic Molecules

Cell Structure and Function

Membrane Structure and Function

Metabolism: Energy and Enzymes

Photosynthesis

Cellular Respiration

The Cell Cycle and Cellular Reproduction

Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction

Mendelian Patterns of Inheritance

Molecular Biology of the Gene

Regulation of Gene Expression

Biotechnology and Genomics

Darwin and Evolution

How Populations Evolve

Speciation and Macroevolution

Origin and History of Life

Taxonomy,systematics,and Phylogeny

Viruses,bacteria,and Archaea

Protist Evolution and Diversity

Fungi Evolution and Diversity

Flowering Plants: Structure and Organization

Flowering Plants: Nutrition and Transport

Flowering Plants: Control of Growth Responses

Flowering Plants: Reproduction

Invertebrate Evolution

Vertebrate Evolution

Human Evolution

Animal Organization and Homeostasis

Circulation and Cardiovascular Systems

The Lymphatic and Immune Systems

Digestive Systems and Nutrition

Respiratory Systems

Body Fluid Regulation and Excretory Systems

Neurons and Nervous Systems

Sense Organs

Locomotion and Support Systems

Hormones and Endocrine Systems

Reproductive Systems

Animal Development and Aging

Behavioral Ecology

Population Ecology

Community and Ecosystem Ecology

Major Ecosystems of the Biosphere

Conservation of Biodiversity

Filters

In gymnosperms and angiosperms,seeds disperse the stage of the life cycle and in mosses and ferns,spores disperse the stage of the life cycle.