Question 1

Which of the following characteristics is not associated with cardiac muscle?

Accepted Answer

A) intercalated discs 
B) electrical coupling by gap junctions 
C) involuntary nervous control 
D) fusion of cardiomyocytes into large multinucleated myofibers 
E) striations 
A) intercalated discs 
B) electrical coupling by gap junctions 
C) involuntary nervous control 
D) fusion of cardiomyocytes into large multinucleated myofibers 
E) striations D

Question 2

The contractile ________ are aligned in ________ and ________ striated muscles but not in ________ muscles.

Accepted Answer

sarcomeres/myofibrils; cardiac; skeletal; smooth

Question 3

In the axoneme,dynein sidearms are anchored on

Accepted Answer

A) B tubules. 
B) A tubules. 
C) central pair tubules. 
D) radial spokes. 
E) interdoublet nexin. 
A) B tubules. 
B) A tubules. 
C) central pair tubules. 
D) radial spokes. 
E) interdoublet nexin. B

Question 4

Explain why sarcomere tension increases as the sarcomere length shortens from an extended length of 3.5 μm to 2 μm but then decreases if the sarcomere contracts to a length of 1.5 μm.

Accepted Answer

At the extended length,some myosin heads

Question 5

In striated muscle contraction,the Ca2+-ATPase pump

Accepted Answer

A) releases Ca2+ from the T tubule. 
B) secretes Ca2+ from the axon terminal. 
C) is voltage-gated. 
D) decreases Ca2+ in the sarcoplasm. 
E) increases Ca2+ binding to TnC. 
A) releases Ca2+ from the T tubule. 
B) secretes Ca2+ from the axon terminal. 
C) is voltage-gated. 
D) decreases Ca2+ in the sarcoplasm. 
E) increases Ca2+ binding to TnC.

Question 6

Which of the following is the correct order of events in a crawling cell?

Accepted Answer

A) protrusion at the cell's leading edge,attachment of protrusion,pulling the cell forward,release and retraction of trailing edge 
B) attachment of protrusion,pulling the cell forward,protrusion at the cell's leading edge,release and retraction of trailing edge 
C) release and retraction of protrusion,protrusion at the cell's leading edge,attachment of trailing edge,pulling the cell forward 
D) attachment of protrusion,protrusion at the cell's leading edge,pulling the cell forward,release and retraction of trailing edge 
E) pulling the cell forward,release and retraction of protrusion,protrusion at the cell's leading edge,attachment of trailing edge 
A) protrusion at the cell's leading edge,attachment of protrusion,pulling the cell forward,release and retraction of trailing edge 
B) attachment of protrusion,pulling the cell forward,protrusion at the cell's leading edge,release and retraction of trailing edge 
C) release and retraction of protrusion,protrusion at the cell's leading edge,attachment of trailing edge,pulling the cell forward 
D) attachment of protrusion,protrusion at the cell's leading edge,pulling the cell forward,release and retraction of trailing edge 
E) pulling the cell forward,release and retraction of protrusion,protrusion at the cell's leading edge,attachment of trailing edge

Question 7

The structural organization of muscle fibers makes it possible to produce contractile force.
a.What is the fundamental contractile unit of skeletal muscle?
b.What are the names of the bands,lines and zone of the contractile unit of skeletal muscle?
c.Each of the contractile unit region names in (b)contains a letter.What does each of these letters stand for?
d.What changes occur in the contractile unit regions during contraction?

Accepted Answer

a.The sarcomere is the fundamental contr

Question 8

A Ca2+-binding protein that activates many enzymes,including myosin light-chain kinase,is

Accepted Answer

A) Ca2+-ATPase. 
B) gelsolin. 
C) calmodulin. 
D) myosin light-chain phosphatase. 
E) TnC. 
A) Ca2+-ATPase. 
B) gelsolin. 
C) calmodulin. 
D) myosin light-chain phosphatase. 
E) TnC.

Question 9

Primary cilia have a(n)________ function and typically display a ________ structure.

Accepted Answer

A) axonal; 9+2 
B) motile; 9+0 
C) motile; 9+2 
D) sensory; 9+0 
E) filopodial; 9+4 
A) axonal; 9+2 
B) motile; 9+0 
C) motile; 9+2 
D) sensory; 9+0 
E) filopodial; 9+4

Question 10

Microtubule motors ________ move vesicles toward the minus end of a microtubule.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Microtubule motors ________ move vesicles toward the...

Question 11

Motor proteins convert

Accepted Answer

A) mechanical energy to chemical energy. 
B) heat energy to mechanical energy. 
C) kinetic energy to mechanical energy. 
D) chemical energy to mechanical energy. 
E) chemical energy to heat energy. 
A) mechanical energy to chemical energy. 
B) heat energy to mechanical energy. 
C) kinetic energy to mechanical energy. 
D) chemical energy to mechanical energy. 
E) chemical energy to heat energy.

Question 12

________ is a directional movement in response to a graded chemical stimulus.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ________ is a directional movement in response...

Question 13

Which of the following would you expect to observe in an in vitro experimental mixture containing microtubules anchored by their minus ends to centrosomes,polystyrene beads with kinesin or dynein motors attached,and ATP?

Accepted Answer

A) movement of kinesin-attached beads along microtubules away from centrosomes 
B) movement of dynein-attached beads along microtubules toward from centrosomes 
C) movement of beads in either direction along a single microtubule 
D) removal of ATP stopping all bead movement along microtubules 
E) All would be expected. 
A) movement of kinesin-attached beads along microtubules away from centrosomes 
B) movement of dynein-attached beads along microtubules toward from centrosomes 
C) movement of beads in either direction along a single microtubule 
D) removal of ATP stopping all bead movement along microtubules 
E) All would be expected.

Question 14

The ________ protein complex facilitates the interaction between cytoplasmic dynein,a cargo vesicle,and a microtubule.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The ________ protein complex facilitates the interaction...

Question 15

Striated muscle myofibrils are end-to-end associations of the fundamental contractile units of the muscle cell known as ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Striated muscle myofibrils are end-to-end associations of...

Question 16

Mutations in myosin V cause a human disorder known as ________,involving partial albinism and neurological defects.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Mutations in myosin V cause a human...

Question 17

Each of the following is an example of microfilament-based motility and contractility except

Accepted Answer

A) ciliary motility. 
B) pseudopodia formation. 
C) cytoplasmic streaming. 
D) cytokinesis. 
E) trailing edge retraction in a moving cell. 
A) ciliary motility. 
B) pseudopodia formation. 
C) cytoplasmic streaming. 
D) cytokinesis. 
E) trailing edge retraction in a moving cell.

Question 18

All of the following are actin-dependent nonmuscle motilities except

Accepted Answer

A) extension of the ER. 
B) cleavage furrow constriction in cytokinesis. 
C) chemotaxis. 
D) cyclosis or cytoplasmic streaming. 
E) amoeboid movement. 
A) extension of the ER. 
B) cleavage furrow constriction in cytokinesis. 
C) chemotaxis. 
D) cyclosis or cytoplasmic streaming. 
E) amoeboid movement.

Question 19

Cytological examination of resting and contracted muscle provides important support for the sliding filaments model for how skeletal muscle contracts.This evidence includes the observation that during contraction the

Accepted Answer

A) Z lines move farther apart. 
B) lengths of the thick filaments shorten significantly. 
C) lengths of the thin filaments shorten significantly. 
D) I bands get longer. 
E) H zone becomes narrower. 
A) Z lines move farther apart. 
B) lengths of the thick filaments shorten significantly. 
C) lengths of the thin filaments shorten significantly. 
D) I bands get longer. 
E) H zone becomes narrower.

Question 20

Which of the following changes take place as the muscle contracts?

Accepted Answer

A) The Z lines get closer together. 
B) The H zones get smaller. 
C) The I band gets smaller. 
D) The A band gets smaller. 
E) A,B,and C are correct. 
A) The Z lines get closer together. 
B) The H zones get smaller. 
C) The I band gets smaller. 
D) The A band gets smaller. 
E) A,B,and C are correct.

Exam 14: Cellular Movement: Motility and Contractility

Which of the following characteristics is not associated with cardiac muscle?

The contractile ________ are aligned in ________ and ________ striated muscles but not in ________ muscles.

In the axoneme,dynein sidearms are anchored on

Explain why sarcomere tension increases as the sarcomere length shortens from an extended length of 3.5 μm to 2 μm but then decreases if the sarcomere contracts to a length of 1.5 μm.

In striated muscle contraction,the Ca2+-ATPase pump

Which of the following is the correct order of events in a crawling cell?

A Ca2+-binding protein that activates many enzymes,including myosin light-chain kinase,is

Primary cilia have a(n)________ function and typically display a ________ structure.

Microtubule motors ________ move vesicles toward the minus end of a microtubule.

Motor proteins convert

________ is a directional movement in response to a graded chemical stimulus.

Which of the following would you expect to observe in an in vitro experimental mixture containing microtubules anchored by their minus ends to centrosomes,polystyrene beads with kinesin or dynein motors attached,and ATP?

The ________ protein complex facilitates the interaction between cytoplasmic dynein,a cargo vesicle,and a microtubule.

Striated muscle myofibrils are end-to-end associations of the fundamental contractile units of the muscle cell known as ________.

Mutations in myosin V cause a human disorder known as ________,involving partial albinism and neurological defects.

Each of the following is an example of microfilament-based motility and contractility except

All of the following are actin-dependent nonmuscle motilities except

Cytological examination of resting and contracted muscle provides important support for the sliding filaments model for how skeletal muscle contracts.This evidence includes the observation that during contraction the

Which of the following changes take place as the muscle contracts?

A Preview of Cell Biology

The Chemistry of the Cell

The Macromolecules of the Cell

Cells and Organelles

Bioenergetics: the Flow of Energy in the Cell

Enzymes: the Catalysts of Life

Membranes: Their Structure,function,and Chemistry

Transport Across Membranes: Overcoming the Permeability Barrier

Chemotrophic Energy Metabolism: Glycolysis and Fermentation

Chemotrophic Energy Metabolism: Aerobic Respiration

Phototrophic Energy Metabolism: Photosynthesis

The Endomembrane System

Cytoskeletal Systems

Beyond the Cell: Cell Adhesions, cell Junctions, and Extracellular Structures

The Structural Basis of Cellular Information: Dna, chromosomes, and the Nucleus

DNA Replication, repair, and Recombination

Gene Expression: Ithe Genetic Code and Transcription

Gene Expression: Iiprotein Synthesis and Sorting

The Regulation of Gene Expression

Molecular Biology Techniques for Cell Biology

Signal Transduction Mechanisms: Ielectrical and Synaptic Signaling in Neurons

Signal Transduction Mechanisms: Iimessengers and Receptors

The Cell Cycle and Mitosis

Sexual Reproduction,meiosis,and Genetic Recombination

Filters

The contractile are aligned in and striated muscles but not in muscles.

In striated muscle contraction,the Ca2⁺-ATPase pump

A Ca2⁺-binding protein that activates many enzymes,including myosin light-chain kinase,is

Primary cilia have a(n) function and typically display a structure.