Question 1

Which of the following carrier molecules has a heme prosthetic group?

Accepted Answer

A) flavoproteins 
B) iron-sulfur proteins 
C) cytochromes 
D) copper-containing cytochromes 
E) coenzyme Q 
A) flavoproteins 
B) iron-sulfur proteins 
C) cytochromes 
D) copper-containing cytochromes 
E) coenzyme Q C

Question 2

The Q cycle can

Accepted Answer

A) transport protons out of the matrix without additional electron transfer between complexes I and III. 
B) associate with complex IV. 
C) transfer electrons to O2. 
D) generate superoxide. 
E) All of the above can be performed by the Q cycle. 
A) transport protons out of the matrix without additional electron transfer between complexes I and III. 
B) associate with complex IV. 
C) transfer electrons to O2. 
D) generate superoxide. 
E) All of the above can be performed by the Q cycle. A

Question 3

The chemiosmotic model of ATP synthesis is based on each of the following lines of experimental evidence except

Accepted Answer

A) Artificial proton gradients established by addition of acid can drive ATP synthesis in the absence of electron transport. 
B) Oxidative phosphorylation does not require a membrane-enclosed compartment. 
C) Electron transport causes protons to be pumped out of the mitochondrial matrix. 
D) The proton gradient established by electron transport has enough energy to drive ATP synthesis. 
E) Uncoupling agents abolish both the proton gradient and ATP synthesis. 
A) Artificial proton gradients established by addition of acid can drive ATP synthesis in the absence of electron transport. 
B) Oxidative phosphorylation does not require a membrane-enclosed compartment. 
C) Electron transport causes protons to be pumped out of the mitochondrial matrix. 
D) The proton gradient established by electron transport has enough energy to drive ATP synthesis. 
E) Uncoupling agents abolish both the proton gradient and ATP synthesis. B

Question 4

The citric acid cycle is also known as the ________ cycle after the individual whose laboratory elucidated the sequence in the 1930s.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The citric acid cycle is also known...

Question 5

In prokaryotes that carry out aerobic respiration,the ________ serves the same purpose as the inner mitochondrial membrane and the ________ serves the same purpose as the mitochondrial matrix.

Accepted Answer

A) ribosomes; plasma membrane 
B) cytoplasm; plasma membrane 
C) cytoplasm; cell wall 
D) cytoplasm; nucleoid 
E) plasma membrane; cytoplasm 
A) ribosomes; plasma membrane 
B) cytoplasm; plasma membrane 
C) cytoplasm; cell wall 
D) cytoplasm; nucleoid 
E) plasma membrane; cytoplasm

Question 6

In plants and other eukaryotes that do not depend upon fatty acids as an energy source,β-oxidation occurs in the

Accepted Answer

A) cytoplasm. 
B) mitochondrion. 
C) glyoxysome 
D) Golgi complex. 
E) endosome. 
A) cytoplasm. 
B) mitochondrion. 
C) glyoxysome 
D) Golgi complex. 
E) endosome.

Question 7

The sequential process of fatty acid catabolism to acetyl CoA is called

Accepted Answer

A) the citric acid cycle. 
B) the oxidative phosphorylation pathway. 
C) the β-oxidation pathway. 
D) the glyoxylate cycle. 
E) the Cori cycle. 
A) the citric acid cycle. 
B) the oxidative phosphorylation pathway. 
C) the β-oxidation pathway. 
D) the glyoxylate cycle. 
E) the Cori cycle.

Question 8

Supercomplexes of electron transport complexes are known as

Accepted Answer

A) Q complexes. 
B) chemiosmotic coupling complexes. 
C) Fe-S centers. 
D) respirasomes. 
E) NADH dehydrogenase complexes. 
A) Q complexes. 
B) chemiosmotic coupling complexes. 
C) Fe-S centers. 
D) respirasomes. 
E) NADH dehydrogenase complexes.

Question 9

The maximum yield of ATP per molecule of glucose in eukaryotic cells is 36 or 38 ATP,depending on cell type and conditions.In prokaryotic cells,the maximum yield is 38 ATP.
a.The maximum yield of ATP in eukaryotic heart muscle cells is 38,but in skeletal muscle cells the yield is only 36.What is the basis for this difference?
b.Why is the maximal ATP yield for prokaryotic cells 38 and not 36?
c.Why is the calculated ATP yield referred to as "Maximal Theoretical Yield" in eukaryotic and in prokaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

a.There is no transport protein in the i

Question 10

Pyruvate dehydrogenase is regulated by all of the following except

Accepted Answer

A) NADH. 
B) ATP. 
C) AMP. 
D) acetyl CoA. 
E) CO2. 
A) NADH. 
B) ATP. 
C) AMP. 
D) acetyl CoA. 
E) CO2.

Question 11

Both thermogenin and 2,4-dinitrophenol (DNP)uncouple oxidation from ATP synthesis.Thermogenin is expressed in the mitochondria of brown fat cells in newborn animals and adult mammals that hibernate.DNP was marketed in the 1930s as a diet pill,but in addition to causing weight loss it sometimes caused death.
a.Compare the mechanisms by which these uncouplers affect ATP synthesis.
b.What function does thermogenin serve for brown fat cells?
c.Why is the rationale for DNP as a diet drug?
d.Considering locations of the effects in an animal and the possibility for allosteric regulation,suggest why thermogenin is advantageous and DNP dangerous for humans?

Accepted Answer

a.Thermogenin is an inner mitochondrial

Question 12

Each of the following citric acid cycle enzymes catalyzes electron transfer to NADH/FADH2 except

Accepted Answer

A) isocitrate dehydrogenase. 
B) α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase. 
C) succinyl CoA synthetase. 
D) succinate dehydrogenase. 
E) malate dehydrogenase. 
A) isocitrate dehydrogenase. 
B) α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase. 
C) succinyl CoA synthetase. 
D) succinate dehydrogenase. 
E) malate dehydrogenase.

Question 13

The outer membrane of the mitochondrion is not a significant permeability barrier because it contains transmembrane proteins called ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The outer membrane of the mitochondrion is...

Question 14

Each of the following citric acid cycle enzymes is subject to allosteric regulation except

Accepted Answer

A) isocitrate dehydrogenase. 
B) α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase. 
C) malate dehydrogenase. 
D) fumarate hydratase. 
E) pyruvate dehydrogenase. 
A) isocitrate dehydrogenase. 
B) α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase. 
C) malate dehydrogenase. 
D) fumarate hydratase. 
E) pyruvate dehydrogenase.

Question 15

Each of the following statements about the citric acid cycle is true except

Accepted Answer

A) Oxidation by transfer of electrons to coenzymes occurs at two steps. 
B) Decarboxylation to release CO2 occurs at two steps. 
C) Substrate-level phosphorylation generates ATP/GTP at one step. 
D) Acetate enters the citric acid cycle and joins a four-carbon acceptor molecule to form citrate. 
E) The cycle involves the ordered activity of eight enzymes. 
A) Oxidation by transfer of electrons to coenzymes occurs at two steps. 
B) Decarboxylation to release CO2 occurs at two steps. 
C) Substrate-level phosphorylation generates ATP/GTP at one step. 
D) Acetate enters the citric acid cycle and joins a four-carbon acceptor molecule to form citrate. 
E) The cycle involves the ordered activity of eight enzymes.

Question 16

Each of the following numbered respiratory complexes is correctly paired with its name except

Accepted Answer

A) complex I: NADH-coenzyme Q oxidoreductase complex. 
B) complex II: succinate-coenzyme Q oxidoreductase complex. 
C) complex III: coenzyme Q-cytochrome c oxidoreductase complex. 
D) complex IV: cytochrome c reductase complex. 
E) None of the above are correctly paired. 
A) complex I: NADH-coenzyme Q oxidoreductase complex. 
B) complex II: succinate-coenzyme Q oxidoreductase complex. 
C) complex III: coenzyme Q-cytochrome c oxidoreductase complex. 
D) complex IV: cytochrome c reductase complex. 
E) None of the above are correctly paired.

Question 17

In electron transport,each of the following respiratory complexes is involved in the flow of electrons from FADH2 to O2 except

Accepted Answer

A) complex I. 
B) complex II. 
C) complex III. 
D) complex IV. 
E) All are involved in the flow of electrons from FADH2. 
A) complex I. 
B) complex II. 
C) complex III. 
D) complex IV. 
E) All are involved in the flow of electrons from FADH2.

Question 18

As pyruvate is prepared for the citric acid cycle,it undergoes a process of

Accepted Answer

A) reductive carboxylation. 
B) oxidative decarboxylation. 
C) oxidative carboxylation. 
D) reductive decarboxylation. 
E) substrate level phosphorylation. 
A) reductive carboxylation. 
B) oxidative decarboxylation. 
C) oxidative carboxylation. 
D) reductive decarboxylation. 
E) substrate level phosphorylation.

Question 19

Which of the following citric acid cycle enzymes catalyzes substrate-level phosphorylation?

Accepted Answer

A) isocitrate dehydrogenase 
B) α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase 
C) succinyl CoA synthetase 
D) succinate dehydrogenase 
E) malate dehydrogenase 
A) isocitrate dehydrogenase 
B) α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase 
C) succinyl CoA synthetase 
D) succinate dehydrogenase 
E) malate dehydrogenase

Question 20

________ is a lower-energy citric acid coenzyme than NAD+.

Accepted Answer

Flavin ade

Exam 10: Chemotrophic Energy Metabolism: Aerobic Respiration

Which of the following carrier molecules has a heme prosthetic group?

The Q cycle can

The chemiosmotic model of ATP synthesis is based on each of the following lines of experimental evidence except

The citric acid cycle is also known as the ________ cycle after the individual whose laboratory elucidated the sequence in the 1930s.

In prokaryotes that carry out aerobic respiration,the ________ serves the same purpose as the inner mitochondrial membrane and the ________ serves the same purpose as the mitochondrial matrix.

In plants and other eukaryotes that do not depend upon fatty acids as an energy source,β-oxidation occurs in the

The sequential process of fatty acid catabolism to acetyl CoA is called

Supercomplexes of electron transport complexes are known as

Pyruvate dehydrogenase is regulated by all of the following except

Each of the following citric acid cycle enzymes catalyzes electron transfer to NADH/FADH2 except

The outer membrane of the mitochondrion is not a significant permeability barrier because it contains transmembrane proteins called ________.

Each of the following citric acid cycle enzymes is subject to allosteric regulation except

Each of the following statements about the citric acid cycle is true except

Each of the following numbered respiratory complexes is correctly paired with its name except

In electron transport,each of the following respiratory complexes is involved in the flow of electrons from FADH2 to O2 except

As pyruvate is prepared for the citric acid cycle,it undergoes a process of

Which of the following citric acid cycle enzymes catalyzes substrate-level phosphorylation?

________ is a lower-energy citric acid coenzyme than NAD+.

A Preview of Cell Biology

The Chemistry of the Cell

The Macromolecules of the Cell

Cells and Organelles

Bioenergetics: the Flow of Energy in the Cell

Enzymes: the Catalysts of Life

Membranes: Their Structure,function,and Chemistry

Transport Across Membranes: Overcoming the Permeability Barrier

Chemotrophic Energy Metabolism: Glycolysis and Fermentation

Phototrophic Energy Metabolism: Photosynthesis

The Endomembrane System

Cytoskeletal Systems

Cellular Movement: Motility and Contractility

Beyond the Cell: Cell Adhesions, cell Junctions, and Extracellular Structures

The Structural Basis of Cellular Information: Dna, chromosomes, and the Nucleus

DNA Replication, repair, and Recombination

Gene Expression: Ithe Genetic Code and Transcription

Gene Expression: Iiprotein Synthesis and Sorting

The Regulation of Gene Expression

Molecular Biology Techniques for Cell Biology

Signal Transduction Mechanisms: Ielectrical and Synaptic Signaling in Neurons

Signal Transduction Mechanisms: Iimessengers and Receptors

The Cell Cycle and Mitosis

Sexual Reproduction,meiosis,and Genetic Recombination

Filters

In prokaryotes that carry out aerobic respiration,the serves the same purpose as the inner mitochondrial membrane and the serves the same purpose as the mitochondrial matrix.

Each of the following citric acid cycle enzymes catalyzes electron transfer to NADH/FADH₂except

In electron transport,each of the following respiratory complexes is involved in the flow of electrons from FADH₂ to O₂ except

________ is a lower-energy citric acid coenzyme than NAD⁺.