Question 1

Which of the following structures or regions is incorrectly paired with its function?

Accepted Answer

A)  limbic system-motor control of speech 
B)  medulla oblongata-homeostatic control 
C)  cerebellum-coordination of movement and balance 
D)  amygdala-emotional memory 
A)  limbic system-motor control of speech 
B)  medulla oblongata-homeostatic control 
C)  cerebellum-coordination of movement and balance 
D)  amygdala-emotional memory B

Question 2

One of the fundamental processes by which memories are stored and learning takes place ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  is related to changes in the degree of myelination of axons 
B)  results in an increase in the diameter of axons 
C)  results in a shift from aerobic to anaerobic respiration in neurons 
D)  involves changing the responsiveness of postsynaptic neurons to neurotransmitter 
A)  is related to changes in the degree of myelination of axons 
B)  results in an increase in the diameter of axons 
C)  results in a shift from aerobic to anaerobic respiration in neurons 
D)  involves changing the responsiveness of postsynaptic neurons to neurotransmitter D

Question 3

Use the figure to answer the following question.
 
Which part of the brain, if damaged, would lead to a decrease in the release of brain derived hormones, such as oxytocin?

Accepted Answer

A)  both A and D 
B)  only B 
C)  only E 
D)  both B and E 
A)  both A and D 
B)  only B 
C)  only E 
D)  both B and E A

Question 4

Patients with damage to Wernicke's area have difficulty

Accepted Answer

A)  coordinating limb movement. 
B)  generating speech. 
C)  recognizing faces. 
D)  understanding language. 
A)  coordinating limb movement. 
B)  generating speech. 
C)  recognizing faces. 
D)  understanding language.

Question 5

In mammals, advanced cognition is usually correlated with a large and very convoluted cerebral cortex, but birds are capable of sophisticated cognition because they have ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  a more advanced cerebellum 
B)  a cerebellum with several flat layers 
C)  a pallium with neurons clustered into nuclei 
D)  microvilli to increase the brain's surface area 
A)  a more advanced cerebellum 
B)  a cerebellum with several flat layers 
C)  a pallium with neurons clustered into nuclei 
D)  microvilli to increase the brain's surface area

Question 6

An injury to the temporal lobe will likely impair the function of the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  sense of hearing 
B)  sense of sight 
C)  sense of taste 
D)  sense of touch 
A)  sense of hearing 
B)  sense of sight 
C)  sense of taste 
D)  sense of touch

Question 7

One of the complications of Alzheimer's disease is an interference with learning and memory. This disease would most likely involve ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  changes in the concentration of ions in the extracellular fluid surrounding neurons 
B)  changes in myelination of axons 
C)  molecular and structural changes at synapses 
D)  structural changes to ion channels in axons 
A)  changes in the concentration of ions in the extracellular fluid surrounding neurons 
B)  changes in myelination of axons 
C)  molecular and structural changes at synapses 
D)  structural changes to ion channels in axons

Question 8

Cephalization, the clustering of neurons and interneurons in the anterior part of the animal, is apparent in ________.
I.mammals
II.cnidarians
III.Planaria
IV.sea stars

Accepted Answer

A)  I and II 
B)  III and IV 
C)  I and III 
D)  II and IV 
A)  I and II 
B)  III and IV 
C)  I and III 
D)  II and IV

Question 9

The regulation of body temperature derives from the activity of the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  cerebrum 
B)  cerebellum 
C)  thalamus 
D)  hypothalamus 
A)  cerebrum 
B)  cerebellum 
C)  thalamus 
D)  hypothalamus

Question 10

Use the figure to answer the following question.
 
Which of the following region(s) arose developmentally from the hindbrain?

Accepted Answer

A)  only A 
B)  both A and D 
C)  only C 
D)  both C and E 
A)  only A 
B)  both A and D 
C)  only C 
D)  both C and E

Question 11

When Phineas Gage had a metal rod driven into his frontal lobe, or when someone had a frontal lobotomy, they would ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  lose their sense of balance 
B)  lose all short-term memory 
C)  have greatly altered emotional responses 
D)  have greatly increased long-term memory 
A)  lose their sense of balance 
B)  lose all short-term memory 
C)  have greatly altered emotional responses 
D)  have greatly increased long-term memory

Question 12

Exercise and reactions to exciting stimuli include ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  increased activity in all parts of the peripheral nervous system 
B)  increased activity in the sympathetic, and decreased activity in the parasympathetic divisions 
C)  decreased activity in the sympathetic, and increased activity in the parasympathetic divisions 
D)  increased activity in the enteric nervous system 
A)  increased activity in all parts of the peripheral nervous system 
B)  increased activity in the sympathetic, and decreased activity in the parasympathetic divisions 
C)  decreased activity in the sympathetic, and increased activity in the parasympathetic divisions 
D)  increased activity in the enteric nervous system

Question 13

Injury localized to the hypothalamus would most likely disrupt

Accepted Answer

A)  regulation of body temperature. 
B)  short-term memory. 
C)  executive functions, such as decision making. 
D)  sorting of sensory information. 
A)  regulation of body temperature. 
B)  short-term memory. 
C)  executive functions, such as decision making. 
D)  sorting of sensory information.

Question 14

Preparation for the fight-or-flight response includes activation of the ________ nervous system

Accepted Answer

A)  sympathetic 
B)  somatic 
C)  central 
D)  parasympathetic 
A)  sympathetic 
B)  somatic 
C)  central 
D)  parasympathetic

Question 15

In the human knee-jerk reflex of a seated individual, as the calf is raised from a vertical position to a horizontal position, the muscles of the quadriceps (on the front of the thighs) and the muscles of the hamstring (on the back side of the thighs) are ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  both excited and contracting 
B)  both inhibited and relaxed 
C)  excited and inhibited, respectively 
D)  inhibited and excited, respectively 
A)  both excited and contracting 
B)  both inhibited and relaxed 
C)  excited and inhibited, respectively 
D)  inhibited and excited, respectively

Question 16

If a doctor attempts to trigger the patellar tendon reflex and a lack of response occurs, what are potential regions where pathology might exist?
I.the brain
II.the knee
III.the spinal cord

Accepted Answer

A)  only I 
B)  only II 
C)  only III 
D)  only II and III 
A)  only I 
B)  only II 
C)  only III 
D)  only II and III

Question 17

Activation of the parasympathetic branch of the autonomic nervous system

Accepted Answer

A)  increases heart rate. 
B)  enhances digestion. 
C)  triggers release of epinephrine. 
D)  causes conversion of glycogen to glucose. 
A)  increases heart rate. 
B)  enhances digestion. 
C)  triggers release of epinephrine. 
D)  causes conversion of glycogen to glucose.

Question 18

After eating a large meal, which branch of your nervous system is activated?

Accepted Answer

A)  sensory 
B)  somatic (motor) 
C)  sympathetic 
D)  enteric 
A)  sensory 
B)  somatic (motor) 
C)  sympathetic 
D)  enteric

Question 19

After narrowly escaping a mountain lion attack, which of the following reactions would your nervous system initiate?

Accepted Answer

A)  increased heartbeat 
B)  constriction of airways 
C)  constriction of pupils 
D)  decreased heartbeat 
A)  increased heartbeat 
B)  constriction of airways 
C)  constriction of pupils 
D)  decreased heartbeat

Question 20

The activation of the parasympathetic branch of the autonomic nervous system is associated with ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  resting and digesting 
B)  release of epinephrine into the blood 
C)  increased metabolic rate 
D)  intensive aerobic exercise 
A)  resting and digesting 
B)  release of epinephrine into the blood 
C)  increased metabolic rate 
D)  intensive aerobic exercise

Exam 49: Nervous Systems

Which of the following structures or regions is incorrectly paired with its function?

One of the fundamental processes by which memories are stored and learning takes place ________.

Use the figure to answer the following question. Which part of the brain, if damaged, would lead to a decrease in the release of brain derived hormones, such as oxytocin?

Patients with damage to Wernicke's area have difficulty

In mammals, advanced cognition is usually correlated with a large and very convoluted cerebral cortex, but birds are capable of sophisticated cognition because they have ________.

An injury to the temporal lobe will likely impair the function of the ________.

One of the complications of Alzheimer's disease is an interference with learning and memory. This disease would most likely involve ________.

Cephalization, the clustering of neurons and interneurons in the anterior part of the animal, is apparent in ________. I.mammals II.cnidarians III.Planaria IV.sea stars

The regulation of body temperature derives from the activity of the ________.

Use the figure to answer the following question. Which of the following region(s) arose developmentally from the hindbrain?

When Phineas Gage had a metal rod driven into his frontal lobe, or when someone had a frontal lobotomy, they would ________.

Exercise and reactions to exciting stimuli include ________.

Injury localized to the hypothalamus would most likely disrupt

Preparation for the fight-or-flight response includes activation of the ________ nervous system

In the human knee-jerk reflex of a seated individual, as the calf is raised from a vertical position to a horizontal position, the muscles of the quadriceps (on the front of the thighs) and the muscles of the hamstring (on the back side of the thighs) are ________.

If a doctor attempts to trigger the patellar tendon reflex and a lack of response occurs, what are potential regions where pathology might exist? I.the brain II.the knee III.the spinal cord

Activation of the parasympathetic branch of the autonomic nervous system

After eating a large meal, which branch of your nervous system is activated?

After narrowly escaping a mountain lion attack, which of the following reactions would your nervous system initiate?

The activation of the parasympathetic branch of the autonomic nervous system is associated with ________.

Evolution, the Themes of Biology, and Scientific Inquiry

The Chemical Context of Life

Water and Life

Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life

The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules

A Tour of the Cell

Membrane Structure and Function

An Introduction to Metabolism

Cellular Respiration and Fermentation

Photosynthesis

Cell Communication

The Cell Cycle

Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles

Mendel and the Gene Idea

The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance

The Molecular Basis of Inheritance

Gene Expression: From Gene to Protein

Regulation of Gene Expression

Viruses

DNA Tools and Biotechnology

Genomes and Their Evolution

Descent with Modification: A Darwinian View of Life

The Evolution of Populations

The Origin of Species

The History of Life on Earth

Phylogeny and the Tree of Life

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Plant Diversity I: How Plants Colonized Land

Plant Diversity II: The Evolution of Seed Plants

Fungi

An Overview of Animal Diversity

An Introduction to Invertebrates

The Origin and Evolution of Vertebrates

Vascular Plant Structure, Growth, and Development

Resource Acquisition and Transport in Vascular Plants

Soil and Plant Nutrition

Angiosperm Reproduction and Biotechnology

Plant Responses to Internal and External Signals

Basic Principles of Animal Form and Function

Animal Nutrition

Circulation and Gas Exchange

The Immune System

Osmoregulation and Excretion

Hormones and the Endocrine System

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Neurons, Synapses, and Signaling

Sensory and Motor Mechanisms

Animal Behavior

An Introduction to Ecology and the Biosphere

Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems and Restoration Ecology

Conservation Biology and Global Change

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