Exam 50: Sensory and Motor Mechanisms

Most of the ATP supplies for a skeletal muscle undergoing one hour of sustained exercise come from ________.

When the mammalian brain compares the actual temperature of the body to the preferred temperature of the body, which general component is being used?

The middle ear converts

Use the following information to answer the question. "Marine cone snails from the genus Conus are estimated to consist of up to 700 species. These predatory molluscs have devised an efficient venom apparatus that allows them to successfully capture polychaete worms, other molluscs, or in some cases fish as their primary food sources.? . . . conotoxins from Australian species of Conus . . . have the capacity to inhibit specifically the nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in higher animals." (B. G. Livett, K. R. Gayler, and Z. Khalil. 2004. Drugs from the sea: Conopeptides as potential therapeutics. Current Medicinal Chemistry 11:1715-23.) This particular conotoxin inhibits acetylcholine receptors that are located ________.

The round window ________. I.dampens fluid vibrations II.collects sound pressure waves III.detects the frequency of sounds

Hair cells in the vertebrate ear are responsible for transducing sound pressure waves. Ion channels in the hair cell membrane open when ________.

Chitin is a major component of the ________.

An endoskeleton is the primary body support for the ________.

Which type of receptor would you expect to be most abundant in the antennae of a moth?

Although some sharks close their eyes just before they bite, their bites are on target. Researchers have noted that sharks often misdirect their bites at metal objects and that they can find batteries buried under sand. This evidence suggests that sharks keep track of their prey during the split second before they bite in the same way that a ________.

The motor unit in vertebrate skeletal muscle refers to ________.

Among these choices, the most energetically efficient locomotion per unit mass is likely ________.

The umami receptor in the sense of taste detects ________.

The leg muscles of a sprinter would differ from a marathon runner in that ________.

Partial or complete loss of hearing (deafness) can be caused by damage to the ________. I.axons of the neurons associated with each hair cell that carry information to the brain II.hair cells (the sensory receptors) in the cochlea III.tympanic membrane, or eardrum

Which sensory distinction is not encoded by a difference in neuron identity?

Experiments with genetically altered mice showed that the mice would consume abnormally high amounts of bitter-tasting compounds in water after their ________.

A patient is hospitalized with muscle spasms caused by failure of back muscles to relax after contraction. Which of the following would be most likely to help?

Dizziness is a perceived sensation that can occur when ________.

How could you genetically modify an animal so that it would distinguish more shades of green?