Exam 20: DNA Tools and Biotechnology

Transgenic mice are useful to human researchers because they ________.

Suppose that a researcher is successful at producing induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) for replacement of pancreatic insulin-producing cells for people with type 1 diabetes. Which of the following could still pose problems for this individual? I.the possibility that, once introduced into the patient, the iPS cells produce non-pancreatic cells II.the failure of the iPS cells to take up residence in the pancreas III.the inability of the iPS cells to respond to appropriate regulatory signals

What is the most logical sequence of steps for splicing foreign DNA into a plasmid and inserting the plasmid into a bacterium? I.Transform bacteria with a recombinant DNA molecule. II.Cut the plasmid DNA using restriction enzymes (endonucleases). III.Extract plasmid DNA from bacterial cells. IV.Hydrogen-bond the plasmid DNA to non-plasmid DNA fragments. V.Use ligase to seal plasmid DNA to non-plasmid DNA.

Why is sequencing an entire genome, such as that of C. elegans, a nematode, important for genetic research?

Which of the following enzymes is required to make complementary DNA (cDNA) from RNA?

Use the following information to answer the question. In an experiment, DNA from the linear form of the bacteriophage Lambda was cut into fragments using the restriction enzyme Hind III. Hind III cuts the Lambda DNA between the adenine nucleotides on the complimentary strands in a specific sequence, as indicated in the diagram, producing eight different size fragments. These fragments are then separated with an electrical current based on size after the DNA fragments are placed in a porous gel, a process called gel electrophoresis. Select an observation that best describes a correct aspect of the two processes of restriction Digest and gel electrophoresis.

Which of the following processes uses labeled probes to visualize the expression of genes in whole tissues and organisms?

In 1997, Dolly the sheep was cloned. Which of the following processes was used?

Which of the following processes helps bacterial cells protect their own DNA from restriction enzymes (endonucleases)?

For a particular microarray assay (DNA chip), cDNA has been made from the mRNAs of a dozen patients' breast tumor biopsies. Which of the following types of evidence will researchers be looking for in order to determine if the cells are cancerous?

Why might using retroviral vectors for gene therapy increase the patient's risk of developing cancer?

Which of the following processes is most like the formation of identical twins?

In animals, what is the difference between reproductive cloning and therapeutic cloning?

A principal problem with inserting an unmodified mammalian gene into a plasmid and then getting that gene expressed in bacteria is that ________.

Which of the following sequences in double-stranded DNA is most likely to be recognized as a cutting site for a restriction enzyme?

The final step in a Sanger DNA sequencing reaction is to run the DNA fragments on a gel. What purpose does this serve?

Scientists developed a set of guidelines to address the safety of DNA technology. Which of the following safety measures is one that has been adopted by researchers?

One predicted aspect of climate change is that climates, including precipitation and temperature, over most of Earth will become more variable. Which of the following is a good strategy for genetically engineering crops if this is true?

Which of the following problems with animal cloning might result in premature death of the clones?

Which of the following characteristics of Taq polymerase make it useful in the PCR process?