Question 1

What would enhance water uptake by a plant cell?

Accepted Answer

A)  decreasing the Ψ of the surrounding solution 
B)  positive pressure on the surrounding solution 
C)  the loss of solutes from the cell 
D)  increasing the Ψ of the cytoplasm 
A)  decreasing the Ψ of the surrounding solution 
B)  positive pressure on the surrounding solution 
C)  the loss of solutes from the cell 
D)  increasing the Ψ of the cytoplasm B

Question 2

The leaf area index is the ratio of the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  upper leaf surface of a single plant divided by the surface area of the land on which the plant grows 
B)  lower leaf surface of a single plant divided by the surface area of the land on which the plant grows 
C)  upper leaf surface of a single plant multiplied by the surface area of the land on which the plant grows 
D)  lower leaf surface of a single plant multiplied by the surface area of the land on which the plant grows 
A)  upper leaf surface of a single plant divided by the surface area of the land on which the plant grows 
B)  lower leaf surface of a single plant divided by the surface area of the land on which the plant grows 
C)  upper leaf surface of a single plant multiplied by the surface area of the land on which the plant grows 
D)  lower leaf surface of a single plant multiplied by the surface area of the land on which the plant grows A

Question 3

Given that early land plants most likely share a common ancestor with green algae, the earliest land plants were most likely ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  nonvascular plants that grew leafless, photosynthetic shoots 
B)  species that did not exhibit alternation of generations 
C)  vascular plants with well-defined root systems 
D)  plants with well-developed leaves 
A)  nonvascular plants that grew leafless, photosynthetic shoots 
B)  species that did not exhibit alternation of generations 
C)  vascular plants with well-defined root systems 
D)  plants with well-developed leaves A

Question 4

Water flows into the source end of a sieve tube because ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  sucrose has been actively transported into the sieve tube, making it hypertonic 
B)  water pressure outside the sieve tube forces in water 
C)  the companion cell of a sieve tube actively pumps in water 
D)  sucrose has been transported out of the sieve tube by active transport 
A)  sucrose has been actively transported into the sieve tube, making it hypertonic 
B)  water pressure outside the sieve tube forces in water 
C)  the companion cell of a sieve tube actively pumps in water 
D)  sucrose has been transported out of the sieve tube by active transport

Question 5

Plasmodesmata can change in number, and when dilated can provide a passageway for ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  macromolecules 
B)  ribosomes 
C)  chloroplasts 
D)  mitochondria 
A)  macromolecules 
B)  ribosomes 
C)  chloroplasts 
D)  mitochondria

Question 6

Loss of water from the aerial parts of plants is called ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  dehydration 
B)  respiration 
C)  gas exchange 
D)  transpiration 
A)  dehydration 
B)  respiration 
C)  gas exchange 
D)  transpiration

Question 7

Several tomato plants are growing in a small garden plot. If soil water potential were to drop significantly on a hot, summer afternoon, which of the following would most likely occur?

Accepted Answer

A)  Size of stomatal openings would decrease. 
B)  Transpiration would increase. 
C)  The leaves would become more turgid. 
D)  The uptake of carbon dioxide would be enhanced. 
A)  Size of stomatal openings would decrease. 
B)  Transpiration would increase. 
C)  The leaves would become more turgid. 
D)  The uptake of carbon dioxide would be enhanced.

Question 8

A plant cell with a ΨS of -0.65 MPa maintains a constant volume when bathed in a solution that has a ΨS of -0.30 MPa and is in an open container. The cell has a

Accepted Answer

A)  ΨP of +0.65 MPa. 
B)  Ψ of -0.65 MPa. 
C)  ΨP of +0.35 MPa. 
D)  ΨP of 0 MPa. 
A)  ΨP of +0.65 MPa. 
B)  Ψ of -0.65 MPa. 
C)  ΨP of +0.35 MPa. 
D)  ΨP of 0 MPa.

Question 9

Transpiration in plants requires ________.
I adhesion of water molecules to cellulose
II cohesion between water molecules
III evaporation of water molecules
IV active transport through xylem cells
V transport through tracheids

Accepted Answer

A)  I, III, IV, and V 
B)  I, II, IV, and V 
C)  I, II, III, and V 
D)  I, II, III, and IV 
A)  I, III, IV, and V 
B)  I, II, IV, and V 
C)  I, II, III, and V 
D)  I, II, III, and IV

Question 10

One is most likely to see guttation in small plants when the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  transpiration rates are high 
B)  root pressure exceeds transpiration pull 
C)  preceding evening was hot, windy, and dry 
D)  roots are not absorbing minerals from the soil 
A)  transpiration rates are high 
B)  root pressure exceeds transpiration pull 
C)  preceding evening was hot, windy, and dry 
D)  roots are not absorbing minerals from the soil

Question 11

Which of the following is a net sugar source for a deciduous angiosperm tree?

Accepted Answer

A)  new leaves in early spring 
B)  fruits in summer 
C)  roots in early spring 
D)  roots in early autumn 
A)  new leaves in early spring 
B)  fruits in summer 
C)  roots in early spring 
D)  roots in early autumn

Question 12

Which of the following would tend to increase transpiration?

Accepted Answer

A)  spiny leaves 
B)  sunken stomata 
C)  a thicker cuticle 
D)  higher stomatal density 
A)  spiny leaves 
B)  sunken stomata 
C)  a thicker cuticle 
D)  higher stomatal density

Question 13

Which one of the following played a critical role in the successful colonization of land by plants?

Accepted Answer

A)  ground tissue 
B)  bacterial association 
C)  mycorrhizae 
D)  cuticle on leaf surface 
A)  ground tissue 
B)  bacterial association 
C)  mycorrhizae 
D)  cuticle on leaf surface

Question 14

Why do most angiosperms have alternate phyllotaxy, with leaf emergence at an angle of 137.5° compared to leaves above and below?

Accepted Answer

A)  to allow maximum exposure to light 
B)  to promote a leaf area index above 8 
C)  to reduce shading of lower leaves 
D)  to allow maximum exposure to light and to reduce shading of lower leaves 
A)  to allow maximum exposure to light 
B)  to promote a leaf area index above 8 
C)  to reduce shading of lower leaves 
D)  to allow maximum exposure to light and to reduce shading of lower leaves

Question 15

The opening of stomata is thought to involve ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  an increase in the solute concentration of the guard cells 
B)  active transport of water out of the guard cells 
C)  decreased turgor pressure in guard cells 
D)  movement of K⁺ from the guard cells 
A)  an increase in the solute concentration of the guard cells 
B)  active transport of water out of the guard cells 
C)  decreased turgor pressure in guard cells 
D)  movement of K⁺ from the guard cells

Question 16

What is the overall charge on the cytoplasmic side of a plant cell plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

A)  positive 
B)  negative 
C)  neutral 
A)  positive 
B)  negative 
C)  neutral

Question 17

In the transmembrane route for transport within plant tissue, ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  water and solutes move out of one cell, across the cell wall, and into the neighboring cell 
B)  water and solutes move out of one cell, through the plasmodesmata, and into the neighboring cell 
C)  water moves out of one cell, across the cell wall, and into the neighboring cell 
D)  solutes move out of one cell, across the plasmodesmata, and into the neighboring cell 
A)  water and solutes move out of one cell, across the cell wall, and into the neighboring cell 
B)  water and solutes move out of one cell, through the plasmodesmata, and into the neighboring cell 
C)  water moves out of one cell, across the cell wall, and into the neighboring cell 
D)  solutes move out of one cell, across the plasmodesmata, and into the neighboring cell

Question 18

Which of the following experimental procedures would most likely reduce transpiration while allowing the normal growth of a plant?

Accepted Answer

A)  subjecting the leaves of the plant to a partial vacuum 
B)  increasing the level of carbon dioxide around the plant 
C)  putting the plant in drier soil 
D)  decreasing the relative humidity around the plant 
A)  subjecting the leaves of the plant to a partial vacuum 
B)  increasing the level of carbon dioxide around the plant 
C)  putting the plant in drier soil 
D)  decreasing the relative humidity around the plant

Question 19

Phloem sap can flow ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  from leaves to shoots only 
B)  from shoots to leaves only 
C)  from sites of sugar production to storage units only 
D)  both ways between production and storage sites 
A)  from leaves to shoots only 
B)  from shoots to leaves only 
C)  from sites of sugar production to storage units only 
D)  both ways between production and storage sites

Question 20

Arrange the following five events in an order that explains the mass flow of materials in the phloem.
1) Water diffuses into the sieve tubes.
2) Leaf cells produce sugar by photosynthesis.
3) Solutes are actively transported into sieve tubes.
4) Sugar is transported from cell to cell in the leaf.
5) Sugar moves down the stem.

Accepted Answer

A)  1, 2, 3, 4, 5 
B)  2, 4, 3, 1, 5 
C)  4, 2, 1, 3, 5 
D)  2, 4, 1, 3, 5 
A)  1, 2, 3, 4, 5 
B)  2, 4, 3, 1, 5 
C)  4, 2, 1, 3, 5 
D)  2, 4, 1, 3, 5

Exam 36: Resource Acquisition and Transport in Vascular Plants

What would enhance water uptake by a plant cell?

The leaf area index is the ratio of the ________.

Given that early land plants most likely share a common ancestor with green algae, the earliest land plants were most likely ________.

Water flows into the source end of a sieve tube because ________.

Plasmodesmata can change in number, and when dilated can provide a passageway for ________.

Loss of water from the aerial parts of plants is called ________.

Several tomato plants are growing in a small garden plot. If soil water potential were to drop significantly on a hot, summer afternoon, which of the following would most likely occur?

A plant cell with a ΨS of -0.65 MPa maintains a constant volume when bathed in a solution that has a ΨS of -0.30 MPa and is in an open container. The cell has a

Transpiration in plants requires ________. I adhesion of water molecules to cellulose II cohesion between water molecules III evaporation of water molecules IV active transport through xylem cells V transport through tracheids

One is most likely to see guttation in small plants when the ________.

Which of the following is a net sugar source for a deciduous angiosperm tree?

Which of the following would tend to increase transpiration?

Which one of the following played a critical role in the successful colonization of land by plants?

Why do most angiosperms have alternate phyllotaxy, with leaf emergence at an angle of 137.5° compared to leaves above and below?

The opening of stomata is thought to involve ________.

What is the overall charge on the cytoplasmic side of a plant cell plasma membrane?

In the transmembrane route for transport within plant tissue, ________.

Which of the following experimental procedures would most likely reduce transpiration while allowing the normal growth of a plant?

Phloem sap can flow ________.

Evolution, the Themes of Biology, and Scientific Inquiry

The Chemical Context of Life

Water and Life

Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life

The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules

A Tour of the Cell

Membrane Structure and Function

An Introduction to Metabolism

Cellular Respiration and Fermentation

Photosynthesis

Cell Communication

The Cell Cycle

Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles

Mendel and the Gene Idea

The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance

The Molecular Basis of Inheritance

Gene Expression: From Gene to Protein

Regulation of Gene Expression

Viruses

DNA Tools and Biotechnology

Genomes and Their Evolution

Descent with Modification: A Darwinian View of Life

The Evolution of Populations

The Origin of Species

The History of Life on Earth

Phylogeny and the Tree of Life

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Plant Diversity I: How Plants Colonized Land

Plant Diversity II: The Evolution of Seed Plants

Fungi

An Overview of Animal Diversity

An Introduction to Invertebrates

The Origin and Evolution of Vertebrates

Vascular Plant Structure, Growth, and Development

Soil and Plant Nutrition

Angiosperm Reproduction and Biotechnology

Plant Responses to Internal and External Signals

Basic Principles of Animal Form and Function

Animal Nutrition

Circulation and Gas Exchange

The Immune System

Osmoregulation and Excretion

Hormones and the Endocrine System

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Neurons, Synapses, and Signaling

Nervous Systems

Sensory and Motor Mechanisms

Animal Behavior

An Introduction to Ecology and the Biosphere

Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems and Restoration Ecology

Conservation Biology and Global Change

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