Exam 40: Basic Principles of Animal Form and Function

The body tissue that consists largely of material located outside of cells is

If a person were to travel to a time zone that was several hours ahead of their own, they may experience tiredness known as jet lag. Jet lag is due to a disruption of ________.

Food moves along the digestive tract as the result of contractions by ________.

The metamorphosis of a tadpole to an adult frog involves a thorough reconstruction of the animal's body. All of the structural and physiological changes must be complete or the frog will not survive this transformation. Which type of regulation would ensure that the animal completed its transformation?

An example of an ectothermic organism that has few or no behavioral options when it comes to its ability to adjust its body temperature is a ________.

In many animals, fat is stored in specialized cells in the ________.

An animal's inputs of energy and materials would exceed its outputs

To prepare flight muscles for use on a cool morning, hawkmoths ________.

Snake behavior in Wisconsin changes throughout the year. For example, a snake is ________.

When the body's blood glucose level rises, the pancreas secretes insulin and, as a result, the blood glucose level declines. When the blood glucose level is low, the pancreas secretes glucagon and, as a result, the blood glucose level rises. Such regulation of the blood glucose level is the result of ________.

The migratory eel, Anguilla rostrata, is born and lives the juvenile (immature)part of its life in a freshwater environment, but then migrates thousands of miles through the ocean as an adult in order to breed. These eels are known to regulate their internal water and salt balance. What adaptations would you expect this eel to have in order to transition from fresh water to salt water at these two life stages?

Most of the exchange surfaces of multicellular animals are lined with ________.

A researcher is setting up an experiment to measure basal metabolic rate in prairie voles (Microtus ochrogaster-a small rodent). Which of the following would be the best set of conditions for the voles immediately before and during the measurement?

Bone consists of ________.

Muscle cells are organized to perform specific types of contractions within a tissue. Which of the following is a characteristic of smooth muscle?

Interstitial fluid is ________.

Evolutionary adaptations that help some animals directly exchange matter between the cells of their body and the environment include ________.

You discover a new species of bacteria that grows in aquatic environments with high salt levels. While studying these bacteria, you note that their internal environment is similar to the salt concentrations in their surroundings. You also discover that the internal salt concentrations of the bacteria change as the salt concentration in their environment changes. The new species can tolerate small changes in this way, but dies from large changes because it has no mechanism for altering its own internal salt levels. What type of homeostatic mechanism is this species using to regulate its internal salt levels?

What would be an advantage for an animal that conforms to a changing environmental condition, such as temperature?

Both the endocrine and nervous systems transmit information around an animal's body. Which of the following is a characteristic of nervous system signals?