Question 1

Which of these series is the correct sequence of phases in the cell cycle?

Accepted Answer

A)  anaphase 
B)  interphase 
C)  metaphase 
D)  prophase 
A)  anaphase 
B)  interphase 
C)  metaphase 
D)  prophase B

Question 2

Suppose that a cell containing 84 chromatids at metaphase of mitosis produces two nuclei. How many chromosomes does each nucleus contain in late telophase?

Accepted Answer

A)  21 
B)  42 
C)  84 
D)  168 
A)  21 
B)  42 
C)  84 
D)  168 B

Question 3

Caspase is the main enzyme that controls apoptosis. Which family of enzymes does this enzyme most likely belong to?

Accepted Answer

A)  lipases 
B)  proteases 
C)  endonucleases 
D)  ligases 
A)  lipases 
B)  proteases 
C)  endonucleases 
D)  ligases B

Question 4

During which phase of the cell cycle is cyclin degraded, resulting in the transition to G1?

Accepted Answer

A)  during interphase 
B)  during metaphase 
C)  during prophase 
D)  during anaphase 
A)  during interphase 
B)  during metaphase 
C)  during prophase 
D)  during anaphase

Question 5

At what stage of the cell cycle is DNA found in its condensed form, which is known as a chromosome?

Accepted Answer

A)  throughout prophase only 
B)  throughout prophase and metaphase 
C)  throughout the cell cycle 
D)  throughout mitosis until late telophase 
A)  throughout prophase only 
B)  throughout prophase and metaphase 
C)  throughout the cell cycle 
D)  throughout mitosis until late telophase

Question 6

What is the main structure of the mitotic spindle?

Accepted Answer

A)  actin filaments 
B)  intermediate filaments 
C)  keratin 
D)  microtubules 
A)  actin filaments 
B)  intermediate filaments 
C)  keratin 
D)  microtubules

Question 7

Which of the following explains cohesins?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cohesins are lipids that help separate sister chromatids. 
B)  Cohesins are lipids that hold sister chromatids together. 
C)  Cohesins are proteins that help separate sister chromatids. 
D)  Cohesins are proteins that hold sister chromatids together. 
A)  Cohesins are lipids that help separate sister chromatids. 
B)  Cohesins are lipids that hold sister chromatids together. 
C)  Cohesins are proteins that help separate sister chromatids. 
D)  Cohesins are proteins that hold sister chromatids together.

Question 8

Suppose that, at the G1-to-S checkpoint, one of the cyclins has reached a concentration great enough to complex with one of the CDKs to initiate DNA synthesis. Which cyclin and which CDK are the ones most likely involved?

Accepted Answer

A)  cyclin G1/S and CDK2 
B)  cyclin G1/S and CDK1 
C)  cyclin S and CDK2 
D)  cyclin S and CDK1 
A)  cyclin G1/S and CDK2 
B)  cyclin G1/S and CDK1 
C)  cyclin S and CDK2 
D)  cyclin S and CDK1

Question 9

Where do we find centromeres?

Accepted Answer

A)  where the spindle microtubules attach 
B)  where metaphase chromosomes align 
C)  where chromosomes cluster during telophase 
D)  where the mitotic spindle forms 
A)  where the spindle microtubules attach 
B)  where metaphase chromosomes align 
C)  where chromosomes cluster during telophase 
D)  where the mitotic spindle forms

Question 10

For each phrase, choose the most appropriate component of cell cycle regulation. Each component may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
-levels fluctuate throughout the cell cycle

Accepted Answer

A) CDK 
B) cyclins 
C) CDK/cyclin complex 
D) SPF 
A) CDK 
B) cyclins 
C) CDK/cyclin complex 
D) SPF

Question 11

Which of these series is the sequence of the cell cycle?

Accepted Answer

A)  anaphase 
B)  prophase 
C)  prometaphase 
D)  interphase 
A)  anaphase 
B)  prophase 
C)  prometaphase 
D)  interphase

Question 12

Consider vinblastine, a chemotherapeutic drug used to treat breast and testicular cancers. This drug interferes with the assembly of microtubules. How does this drug most likely work to inhibit growth in a cancer cell?

Accepted Answer

A)  It inhibits transition from G1 to S. 
B)  It disrupts mitotic spindle formation, and consequently mitosis. 
C)  It inhibits cytokinesis. 
D)  It inhibits transition from S to mitosis. 
A)  It inhibits transition from G1 to S. 
B)  It disrupts mitotic spindle formation, and consequently mitosis. 
C)  It inhibits cytokinesis. 
D)  It inhibits transition from S to mitosis.

Question 13

During which of the following phases of the cell cycle does centriole replication occur?

Accepted Answer

A)  S phase 
B)  G1 phase 
C)  prophase 
D)  G2 phase 
A)  S phase 
B)  G1 phase 
C)  prophase 
D)  G2 phase

Question 14

Why are cancer cell lines, rather than normal cells, frequently used to study biological processes?

Accepted Answer

Scientific researchers frequently prefer

Question 15

Compare spindle formation in animal cells with plant cells. How is this process different?

Accepted Answer

Animal cells have a centrosome, a site n

Question 16

What will happen in a cell if it becomes damaged by radiation or chemicals?

Accepted Answer

A)  It will not pass the G2 checkpoint. 
B)  It will not enter S from G1. 
C)  It will not synthesize cyclin-dependent kinases. 
D)  It will not enter G1 from mitosis. 
A)  It will not pass the G2 checkpoint. 
B)  It will not enter S from G1. 
C)  It will not synthesize cyclin-dependent kinases. 
D)  It will not enter G1 from mitosis.

Question 17

What are oncogenes?

Accepted Answer

A)  genes that control contact inhibition 
B)  genes that control apoptosis 
C)  mutated genes that promote uncontrolled growth 
D)  non-mutated genes that promote controlled growth 
A)  genes that control contact inhibition 
B)  genes that control apoptosis 
C)  mutated genes that promote uncontrolled growth 
D)  non-mutated genes that promote controlled growth

Question 18

During which phases of the cell cycle does a chromosome consist of two identical chromatids?

Accepted Answer

A)  from the beginning of G2 phase in interphase, through the end of prophase in mitosis 
B)  from the end of G2 phase in interphase, through the end of telophase in mitosis 
C)  from the beginning of G1 phase in interphase, through the end of anaphase in mitosis 
D)  from the end of S phase in interphase, through the end of metaphase in mitosis 
A)  from the beginning of G2 phase in interphase, through the end of prophase in mitosis 
B)  from the end of G2 phase in interphase, through the end of telophase in mitosis 
C)  from the beginning of G1 phase in interphase, through the end of anaphase in mitosis 
D)  from the end of S phase in interphase, through the end of metaphase in mitosis

Question 19

What is the Hayflick factor responsible for?

Accepted Answer

A)  tissue senescence 
B)  organ senescence 
C)  organ system senescence 
D)  cellular senescence 
A)  tissue senescence 
B)  organ senescence 
C)  organ system senescence 
D)  cellular senescence

Question 20

Which of these statements assesses how binary fission and mitosis differ?

Accepted Answer

A)  Binary fission occurs in eukaryotes; mitosis occurs in prokaryotes. 
B)  Mitosis helps any organism to grow; binary fission only helps it to repair. 
C)  Mitosis occurs in many phases; binary fission has only one phase. 
D)  Binary fission helps any organism to grow; mitosis only helps it to repair. 
A)  Binary fission occurs in eukaryotes; mitosis occurs in prokaryotes. 
B)  Mitosis helps any organism to grow; binary fission only helps it to repair. 
C)  Mitosis occurs in many phases; binary fission has only one phase. 
D)  Binary fission helps any organism to grow; mitosis only helps it to repair.

Exam 7: Cell Cycles

Which of these series is the correct sequence of phases in the cell cycle?

Suppose that a cell containing 84 chromatids at metaphase of mitosis produces two nuclei. How many chromosomes does each nucleus contain in late telophase?

Caspase is the main enzyme that controls apoptosis. Which family of enzymes does this enzyme most likely belong to?

During which phase of the cell cycle is cyclin degraded, resulting in the transition to G1?

At what stage of the cell cycle is DNA found in its condensed form, which is known as a chromosome?

What is the main structure of the mitotic spindle?

Which of the following explains cohesins?

Suppose that, at the G1-to-S checkpoint, one of the cyclins has reached a concentration great enough to complex with one of the CDKs to initiate DNA synthesis. Which cyclin and which CDK are the ones most likely involved?

Where do we find centromeres?

For each phrase, choose the most appropriate component of cell cycle regulation. Each component may be used once, more than once, or not at all. -levels fluctuate throughout the cell cycle

Which of these series is the sequence of the cell cycle?

Consider vinblastine, a chemotherapeutic drug used to treat breast and testicular cancers. This drug interferes with the assembly of microtubules. How does this drug most likely work to inhibit growth in a cancer cell?

During which of the following phases of the cell cycle does centriole replication occur?

Why are cancer cell lines, rather than normal cells, frequently used to study biological processes?

Compare spindle formation in animal cells with plant cells. How is this process different?

What will happen in a cell if it becomes damaged by radiation or chemicals?

What are oncogenes?

During which phases of the cell cycle does a chromosome consist of two identical chromatids?

What is the Hayflick factor responsible for?

Which of these statements assesses how binary fission and mitosis differ?

Light and Life

The Cell: an Overview

Energy and Enzymes

Cell Membranes and Signaling

Cellular Respiration

Photosynthesis

Genetic Recombination

The Chromosomal Basis of Mendelian Inheritance

Genetic Linkage, Sex-Linkage, and Other Non-Mendelian Inheritance Mechanisms

DNA Structure, Replication, and Repair

Gene Structure Expression, and Mutation

Regulation of Gene Expression

Dna Technologies

Genomes

Evolution: the Development of the Theory

Microevolution: Changes Within Populations

Speciation and Macroevolution

Systematics and Phylogenetics: Revealing the Tree of Life

Humans and Evolution

Defining Life and Its Origins

Viruses, Viroids, and Prions: Infectious Biological Particles

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Fungi

Plants

Animals

Conservation of Biodiversity

Population Ecology

Species Interactions and Community Ecology

Ecosystems

Animal Behaviour

Organization of the Plant Body

Transport in Plants

Reproduction and Development in Flowering Plants

Plant Nutrition

Plant Signals and Responses to the Environment

Introduction to Animal Organization and Physiology

Animal Nutrition

Gas Exchange: the Respiratory System

Internal Transport: the Circulatory System

Regulation of the Internal Environment: Water, Solutes, and Temperature

Control of Animal Processes: Endocrine Control

Animal Reproduction

Control of Animal Processes: Neural Control

Muscles, Skeletons, and Body Movements

Filters

During which phase of the cell cycle is cyclin degraded, resulting in the transition to G₁?

Suppose that, at the G₁-to-S checkpoint, one of the cyclins has reached a concentration great enough to complex with one of the CDKs to initiate DNA synthesis. Which cyclin and which CDK are the ones most likely involved?