Question 1

When does autopolyploidy occur?

Accepted Answer

A)  when a somatic cell ends up with no chromosomes 
B)  when gametes end up with no chromosomes 
C)  when gametes receive the same number of chromosomes as a somatic cell 
D)  when a somatic cell receives the same number of chromosomes as gametes 
A)  when a somatic cell ends up with no chromosomes 
B)  when gametes end up with no chromosomes 
C)  when gametes receive the same number of chromosomes as a somatic cell 
D)  when a somatic cell receives the same number of chromosomes as gametes C

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT an example of a prezygotic isolating mechanism?

Accepted Answer

A)  An iris blooms at a different time of the year than a daffodil. 
B)  A zebroid is sterile, and a zebra is not. 
C)  A snail with a shell coiling in one direction cannot mate with a snail whose shell curls the other way. 
D)  A peacock puts on a different mating display than a sparrow. 
A)  An iris blooms at a different time of the year than a daffodil. 
B)  A zebroid is sterile, and a zebra is not. 
C)  A snail with a shell coiling in one direction cannot mate with a snail whose shell curls the other way. 
D)  A peacock puts on a different mating display than a sparrow. B

Question 3

Two species of flowering plants live together and flower at the same time. They do not hybridize because they each have a unique pollinating insect. What is this an example of?

Accepted Answer

A)  a sympatric speciation 
B)  a prezygotic barrier 
C)  a postzygotic barrier 
D)  a hybrid zone 
A)  a sympatric speciation 
B)  a prezygotic barrier 
C)  a postzygotic barrier 
D)  a hybrid zone B

Question 4

An example of a prezygotic isolating mechanism is behavioural isolation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

If a flood separated a large population into two populations, this would be an example of which process?

Accepted Answer

A)  allopatric speciation 
B)  development of a host race 
C)  parapatric speciation 
D)  sympatric speciation 
A)  allopatric speciation 
B)  development of a host race 
C)  parapatric speciation 
D)  sympatric speciation

Question 6

The morphological approach to speciation is prone to misinterpretation. Which of the following is NOT a misinterpretation?

Accepted Answer

A)  a Chihuahua and a Great Dane that do not look alike 
B)  snails that resemble each other but cannot mate 
C)  snails of quite varied appearance that can all interbreed 
D)  snails of quite similar appearance that are shown to be different species via reproductive isolation 
A)  a Chihuahua and a Great Dane that do not look alike 
B)  snails that resemble each other but cannot mate 
C)  snails of quite varied appearance that can all interbreed 
D)  snails of quite similar appearance that are shown to be different species via reproductive isolation

Question 7

What does a smooth pattern of variation along a geographical gradient refer to?

Accepted Answer

A)  a ring species 
B)  a hybrid zone 
C)  a morphological species 
D)  a cline 
A)  a ring species 
B)  a hybrid zone 
C)  a morphological species 
D)  a cline

Question 8

Based on the morphological species concept, why would you assume that there are many different species of rat snakes?

Accepted Answer

The rat snake is present in many diverse

Question 9

Two host races of apple maggots have appeared within the past 100 years. What does this suggest?

Accepted Answer

A)  They may be undergoing allopatric speciation. 
B)  They may be undergoing sympatric speciation. 
C)  They may be undergoing genetic drift. 
D)  They may be undergoing development of a hybrid zone. 
A)  They may be undergoing allopatric speciation. 
B)  They may be undergoing sympatric speciation. 
C)  They may be undergoing genetic drift. 
D)  They may be undergoing development of a hybrid zone.

Question 10

Which of the following best defines a triploid organism?

Accepted Answer

A)  an organism that is usually sterile because of improper chromosome segregation 
B)  an organism that is usually sterile because of proper chromosome segregation 
C)  an organism that is usually fertile because of improper chromosome segregation 
D)  an organism that is usually fertile because of proper chromosome segregation 
A)  an organism that is usually sterile because of improper chromosome segregation 
B)  an organism that is usually sterile because of proper chromosome segregation 
C)  an organism that is usually fertile because of improper chromosome segregation 
D)  an organism that is usually fertile because of proper chromosome segregation

Question 11

The habitats of birds of paradise are on the mountains in New Guinea. What separate the habitats?

Accepted Answer

A)  areas of unsuitable land 
B)  fierce predators 
C)  oceans 
D)  rivers and lakes 
A)  areas of unsuitable land 
B)  fierce predators 
C)  oceans 
D)  rivers and lakes

Question 12

If two organisms cannot mate due to physical differences, it is known as temporal isolation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

When do postzygotic isolating mechanisms occur?

Accepted Answer

A)  when the offspring survive to reproductive age 
B)  when the offspring have vigorous health 
C)  when the offspring inherit the same numbers of chromosomes from each parent 
D)  when the offspring inherit different sets of instructions for development from each parent 
A)  when the offspring survive to reproductive age 
B)  when the offspring have vigorous health 
C)  when the offspring inherit the same numbers of chromosomes from each parent 
D)  when the offspring inherit different sets of instructions for development from each parent

Question 14

What do birds living in a cold environment tend to have?

Accepted Answer

A)  long legs and larger bodies 
B)  long legs and smaller bodies 
C)  short legs and larger bodies 
D)  short legs and smaller bodies 
A)  long legs and larger bodies 
B)  long legs and smaller bodies 
C)  short legs and larger bodies 
D)  short legs and smaller bodies

Question 15

How do animals show clinal variation?

Accepted Answer

Clinal variation results from gene flow

Question 16

How does gene flow between organisms of ring species occur?

Accepted Answer

A)  It occurs between any of the organisms if they are placed in the same environment. 
B)  It occurs freely. 
C)  It occurs only between intermediary populations. 
D)  It occurs only under laboratory conditions. 
A)  It occurs between any of the organisms if they are placed in the same environment. 
B)  It occurs freely. 
C)  It occurs only between intermediary populations. 
D)  It occurs only under laboratory conditions.

Question 17

What mechanism seemed to separate the birds of paradise in New Guinea?

Accepted Answer

A)  chromosomal differences 
B)  different mating rituals 
C)  geographic isolation 
D)  mechanical differences between species 
A)  chromosomal differences 
B)  different mating rituals 
C)  geographic isolation 
D)  mechanical differences between species

Question 18

What would be the most likely result if an organism with 64 chromosomes mates with a closely related organism with 62 chromosomes?

Accepted Answer

A)  many unhealthy offspring due to hybrid breakdown 
B)  many unhealthy offspring due to hybrid inviability 
C)  sterile offspring due to hybrid inviability 
D)  sterile offspring due to hybrid sterility 
A)  many unhealthy offspring due to hybrid breakdown 
B)  many unhealthy offspring due to hybrid inviability 
C)  sterile offspring due to hybrid inviability 
D)  sterile offspring due to hybrid sterility

Question 19

If one plant has a very small tubular type of flower and cannot be pollinated by a large honeybee, it may develop which type of prezygotic isolation?

Accepted Answer

A)  behavioural isolation 
B)  ecological isolation 
C)  gametic isolation 
D)  mechanical isolation 
A)  behavioural isolation 
B)  ecological isolation 
C)  gametic isolation 
D)  mechanical isolation

Question 20

The biological species concept specifies that two organisms are of the same species if they breed. What else does this concept specify?

Accepted Answer

A)  that species are unsuccessful in producing offspring 
B)  that species produce any offspring 
C)  that species produce fertile offspring under normal circumstances 
D)  that species produce fertile offspring under laboratory conditions only 
A)  that species are unsuccessful in producing offspring 
B)  that species produce any offspring 
C)  that species produce fertile offspring under normal circumstances 
D)  that species produce fertile offspring under laboratory conditions only

Exam 18: Speciation and Macroevolution

When does autopolyploidy occur?

Which of the following is NOT an example of a prezygotic isolating mechanism?

Two species of flowering plants live together and flower at the same time. They do not hybridize because they each have a unique pollinating insect. What is this an example of?

An example of a prezygotic isolating mechanism is behavioural isolation.

If a flood separated a large population into two populations, this would be an example of which process?

The morphological approach to speciation is prone to misinterpretation. Which of the following is NOT a misinterpretation?

What does a smooth pattern of variation along a geographical gradient refer to?

Based on the morphological species concept, why would you assume that there are many different species of rat snakes?

Two host races of apple maggots have appeared within the past 100 years. What does this suggest?

Which of the following best defines a triploid organism?

The habitats of birds of paradise are on the mountains in New Guinea. What separate the habitats?

If two organisms cannot mate due to physical differences, it is known as temporal isolation.

When do postzygotic isolating mechanisms occur?

What do birds living in a cold environment tend to have?

How do animals show clinal variation?

How does gene flow between organisms of ring species occur?

What mechanism seemed to separate the birds of paradise in New Guinea?

What would be the most likely result if an organism with 64 chromosomes mates with a closely related organism with 62 chromosomes?

If one plant has a very small tubular type of flower and cannot be pollinated by a large honeybee, it may develop which type of prezygotic isolation?

The biological species concept specifies that two organisms are of the same species if they breed. What else does this concept specify?

Light and Life

The Cell: an Overview

Energy and Enzymes

Cell Membranes and Signaling

Cellular Respiration

Photosynthesis

Cell Cycles

Genetic Recombination

The Chromosomal Basis of Mendelian Inheritance

Genetic Linkage, Sex-Linkage, and Other Non-Mendelian Inheritance Mechanisms

DNA Structure, Replication, and Repair

Gene Structure Expression, and Mutation

Regulation of Gene Expression

Dna Technologies

Genomes

Evolution: the Development of the Theory

Microevolution: Changes Within Populations

Systematics and Phylogenetics: Revealing the Tree of Life

Humans and Evolution

Defining Life and Its Origins

Viruses, Viroids, and Prions: Infectious Biological Particles

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Fungi

Plants

Animals

Conservation of Biodiversity

Population Ecology

Species Interactions and Community Ecology

Ecosystems

Animal Behaviour

Organization of the Plant Body

Transport in Plants

Reproduction and Development in Flowering Plants

Plant Nutrition

Plant Signals and Responses to the Environment

Introduction to Animal Organization and Physiology

Animal Nutrition

Gas Exchange: the Respiratory System

Internal Transport: the Circulatory System

Regulation of the Internal Environment: Water, Solutes, and Temperature

Control of Animal Processes: Endocrine Control

Animal Reproduction

Control of Animal Processes: Neural Control

Muscles, Skeletons, and Body Movements

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