Exam 12: Gene Structure Expression, and Mutation

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Individuals with the genetic condition sickle cell anemia have hemoglobin coded with the gene that codes for valine instead of glutamic acid. What kind of mutation does this condition result from?

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Question 1

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Describe how exon shuffling could lead to the formation of novel proteins.

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Exon-intron junctions often fall at points that divide major functional regions, or domains, in encoded proteins. Genetic duplications and rearrangements can occasionally cut and paste parts of different genes together. When the cutting and pasting happens within introns, this brings together novel combinations of exons that will produce a new protein. The individual domains generally retain their specific functionality in the new protein. This mechanism can produce changes more quickly and more efficiently than random point mutations that affect only individual amino acids in a protein.

For each item or event, indicate the process it is associated with. -intron

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In which part of the ribosome is the growing polypeptide chain positioned during translation?

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Question 4

Briefly describe the places where tRNA would be found in a ribosome and what its function is at each place.

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Question 5

For each item or event, indicate the process it is associated with. -RNA-DNA double helix

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Question 6

Why do smooth muscle and skeletal muscle have distinct mRNA forms?

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Question 7

Transcription Diagram -In the transcription diagram, what is the name of item B?

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Question 8

What is the function of the 3' poly-A sequence in eukaryotic mRNA?

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Question 9

Which enzyme catalyzes the joining of amino acids during translation?

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Question 10

In the expression of the gene for insulin, which is secreted outside certain mammalian cells, which of the following steps will occur last?

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Question 11

Which of the following processes best explains the diversity of human á-tropomyosin proteins?

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Question 12

Describe the process of transcription in prokaryotes.

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Question 13

Which enzyme performs the DNA unwinding function during transcription elongation?

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Question 14

Suppose that two bases are inserted into the coding region of a gene just after the start codon of a gene. What type of mutation has occurred?

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Question 15

Figure 12-1 -What does the structure in Figure 12-1 represent?

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Question 16

Suppose that a DNA change results in the substitution of one codon for another, and the new codon specifies a different amino acid from the original. What type of mutation has occurred?

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Question 17

Which molecule provides the energy that the cell requires for protein translation?

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Question 18

Which sentence describes the routing of proteins to their final destinations in eukaryotic cells?

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Question 19

How does the "Central Dogma" describe the flow of information of gene expression?

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Question 20

Showing 1 - 20 of 106

Exam 12: Gene Structure Expression, and Mutation

Individuals with the genetic condition sickle cell anemia have hemoglobin coded with the gene that codes for valine instead of glutamic acid. What kind of mutation does this condition result from?

Describe how exon shuffling could lead to the formation of novel proteins.

For each item or event, indicate the process it is associated with. -intron

In which part of the ribosome is the growing polypeptide chain positioned during translation?

Briefly describe the places where tRNA would be found in a ribosome and what its function is at each place.

For each item or event, indicate the process it is associated with. -RNA-DNA double helix

Why do smooth muscle and skeletal muscle have distinct mRNA forms?

Transcription Diagram -In the transcription diagram, what is the name of item B?

What is the function of the 3' poly-A sequence in eukaryotic mRNA?

Which enzyme catalyzes the joining of amino acids during translation?

In the expression of the gene for insulin, which is secreted outside certain mammalian cells, which of the following steps will occur last?

Which of the following processes best explains the diversity of human á-tropomyosin proteins?

Describe the process of transcription in prokaryotes.

Which enzyme performs the DNA unwinding function during transcription elongation?

Suppose that two bases are inserted into the coding region of a gene just after the start codon of a gene. What type of mutation has occurred?

Figure 12-1 -What does the structure in Figure 12-1 represent?

Suppose that a DNA change results in the substitution of one codon for another, and the new codon specifies a different amino acid from the original. What type of mutation has occurred?

Which molecule provides the energy that the cell requires for protein translation?

Which sentence describes the routing of proteins to their final destinations in eukaryotic cells?

How does the "Central Dogma" describe the flow of information of gene expression?

Light and Life

The Cell: an Overview

Energy and Enzymes

Cell Membranes and Signaling

Cellular Respiration

Photosynthesis

Cell Cycles

Genetic Recombination

The Chromosomal Basis of Mendelian Inheritance

Genetic Linkage, Sex-Linkage, and Other Non-Mendelian Inheritance Mechanisms

DNA Structure, Replication, and Repair

Regulation of Gene Expression

Dna Technologies

Genomes

Evolution: the Development of the Theory

Microevolution: Changes Within Populations

Speciation and Macroevolution

Systematics and Phylogenetics: Revealing the Tree of Life

Humans and Evolution

Defining Life and Its Origins

Viruses, Viroids, and Prions: Infectious Biological Particles

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Fungi

Plants

Animals

Conservation of Biodiversity

Population Ecology

Species Interactions and Community Ecology

Ecosystems

Animal Behaviour

Organization of the Plant Body

Transport in Plants

Reproduction and Development in Flowering Plants

Plant Nutrition

Plant Signals and Responses to the Environment

Introduction to Animal Organization and Physiology

Animal Nutrition

Gas Exchange: the Respiratory System

Internal Transport: the Circulatory System

Regulation of the Internal Environment: Water, Solutes, and Temperature

Control of Animal Processes: Endocrine Control

Animal Reproduction

Control of Animal Processes: Neural Control

Muscles, Skeletons, and Body Movements

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