Question 1

Influenza is caused by a DNA virus.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 2

How are viruses different from bacteria?

Accepted Answer

A)  They have a single type of nucleic acid. 
B)  They may be pathogenic to humans. 
C)  They do not contain protein. 
D)  They are too small to be seen with the unaided eye. 
A)  They have a single type of nucleic acid. 
B)  They may be pathogenic to humans. 
C)  They do not contain protein. 
D)  They are too small to be seen with the unaided eye. A

Question 3

Animal viruses without envelopes enter the host cell via fusion with the cell membrane.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 4

What type of molecule are viroids composed of?

Accepted Answer

A)  protein 
B)  RNA 
C)  carbohydrate 
D)  DNA 
A)  protein 
B)  RNA 
C)  carbohydrate 
D)  DNA

Question 5

Viral progeny are synthesized as small particles that grow to adult size.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Evidence suggests that viruses evolved only after the evolution of cells.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Figure 22-1  
-In Figure 22-1, which number identifies the head?

Accepted Answer

A)  5 
B)  4 
C)  2 
D)  1 
A)  5 
B)  4 
C)  2 
D)  1

Question 8

Who is credited with the discovery of prions as a new biological principle of infection?

Accepted Answer

A)  Carl Louis 
B)  Stanley Brenner 
C)  Stanley Prusiner 
D)  Carl Woese 
A)  Carl Louis 
B)  Stanley Brenner 
C)  Stanley Prusiner 
D)  Carl Woese

Question 9

All enveloped animal viruses have protein spikes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Figure 22-1  
-In Figure 22-1, which number identifies the structure that binds to the host cell?

Accepted Answer

A)  6 
B)  5 
C)  4 
D)  1 
A)  6 
B)  5 
C)  4 
D)  1

Question 11

In which types of viruses are envelopes most commonly found?

Accepted Answer

A)  viruses of animals 
B)  viruses of bacteria 
C)  viruses of plants 
D)  viruses of archaea 
A)  viruses of animals 
B)  viruses of bacteria 
C)  viruses of plants 
D)  viruses of archaea

Question 12

What is the protein layer surrounding the viral genome called?

Accepted Answer

A)  cell membrane 
B)  capsid 
C)  envelope 
D)  capsule 
A)  cell membrane 
B)  capsid 
C)  envelope 
D)  capsule

Question 13

Which of these viruses has a double-stranded DNA genome?

Accepted Answer

A)  Flavivirus 
B)  retrovirus 
C)  orthomyxovirus 
D)  poxvirus 
A)  Flavivirus 
B)  retrovirus 
C)  orthomyxovirus 
D)  poxvirus

Question 14

Which equation best describes the composition of the simplest type of viral particle?

Accepted Answer

A)  nucleic acid + capsid + protein spikes 
B)  nucleic acid + capsid 
C)  nucleic acid only 
D)  nucleic acid + envelope 
A)  nucleic acid + capsid + protein spikes 
B)  nucleic acid + capsid 
C)  nucleic acid only 
D)  nucleic acid + envelope

Question 15

Figure 22-1  
-In Figure 22-1, which number identifies the viral genome?

Accepted Answer

A)  2 
B)  3 
C)  4 
D)  5 
A)  2 
B)  3 
C)  4 
D)  5

Question 16

In which cycle does the virus kill the infected host cell?

Accepted Answer

A)  lytic cycle 
B)  phagocytic cycle 
C)  endocytic cycle 
D)  lysogenic cycle 
A)  lytic cycle 
B)  phagocytic cycle 
C)  endocytic cycle 
D)  lysogenic cycle

Question 17

In which major family of animal viruses is the virus that causes polio found?

Accepted Answer

A)  Orthomyxoviridae 
B)  Picornaviridae 
C)  Rhabdoviridae 
D)  Poxviridae 
A)  Orthomyxoviridae 
B)  Picornaviridae 
C)  Rhabdoviridae 
D)  Poxviridae

Question 18

Viruses are too small to carry any enzymes of their own.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Figure 22-1  
-In Figure 22-1, which number identifies the sheath?

Accepted Answer

A)  2 
B)  3 
C)  4 
D)  5 
A)  2 
B)  3 
C)  4 
D)  5

Question 20

Why is hepatitis C a serious disease?

Accepted Answer

A)  It causes nausea. 
B)  It is heritable. 
C)  It causes cirrhosis and/or cancer. 
D)  It causes yellow skin hue. 
A)  It causes nausea. 
B)  It is heritable. 
C)  It causes cirrhosis and/or cancer. 
D)  It causes yellow skin hue.

Exam 22: Viruses, Viroids, and Prions: Infectious Biological Particles

Influenza is caused by a DNA virus.

How are viruses different from bacteria?

Animal viruses without envelopes enter the host cell via fusion with the cell membrane.

What type of molecule are viroids composed of?

Viral progeny are synthesized as small particles that grow to adult size.

Evidence suggests that viruses evolved only after the evolution of cells.

Figure 22-1 -In Figure 22-1, which number identifies the head?

Who is credited with the discovery of prions as a new biological principle of infection?

All enveloped animal viruses have protein spikes.

Figure 22-1 -In Figure 22-1, which number identifies the structure that binds to the host cell?

In which types of viruses are envelopes most commonly found?

What is the protein layer surrounding the viral genome called?

Which of these viruses has a double-stranded DNA genome?

Which equation best describes the composition of the simplest type of viral particle?

Figure 22-1 -In Figure 22-1, which number identifies the viral genome?

In which cycle does the virus kill the infected host cell?

In which major family of animal viruses is the virus that causes polio found?

Viruses are too small to carry any enzymes of their own.

Figure 22-1 -In Figure 22-1, which number identifies the sheath?

Why is hepatitis C a serious disease?

Light and Life

The Cell: an Overview

Energy and Enzymes

Cell Membranes and Signaling

Cellular Respiration

Photosynthesis

Cell Cycles

Genetic Recombination

The Chromosomal Basis of Mendelian Inheritance

Genetic Linkage, Sex-Linkage, and Other Non-Mendelian Inheritance Mechanisms

DNA Structure, Replication, and Repair

Gene Structure Expression, and Mutation

Regulation of Gene Expression

Dna Technologies

Genomes

Evolution: the Development of the Theory

Microevolution: Changes Within Populations

Speciation and Macroevolution

Systematics and Phylogenetics: Revealing the Tree of Life

Humans and Evolution

Defining Life and Its Origins

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Fungi

Plants

Animals

Conservation of Biodiversity

Population Ecology

Species Interactions and Community Ecology

Ecosystems

Animal Behaviour

Organization of the Plant Body

Transport in Plants

Reproduction and Development in Flowering Plants

Plant Nutrition

Plant Signals and Responses to the Environment

Introduction to Animal Organization and Physiology

Animal Nutrition

Gas Exchange: the Respiratory System

Internal Transport: the Circulatory System

Regulation of the Internal Environment: Water, Solutes, and Temperature

Control of Animal Processes: Endocrine Control

Animal Reproduction

Control of Animal Processes: Neural Control

Muscles, Skeletons, and Body Movements

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