Question 1

If a warmed flask of water is analogous to the Miller-Urey experiment, which of the following is analogous to primordial Earth?

Accepted Answer

A)  a strongly reducing atmosphere 
B)  lightning 
C)  a primeval sea 
D)  water vapour 
A)  a strongly reducing atmosphere 
B)  lightning 
C)  a primeval sea 
D)  water vapour C

Question 2

In the 1920s, Aleksandr Oparin and John Haldane each made independent proposals about the formation of life on Earth. What did they say about essential organic molecules?

Accepted Answer

A)  that these could not have been made in the absence of life in the conditions on primordial Earth 
B)  that these could have been made in the presence of life in the conditions on primordial Earth 
C)  that these could have been made in the absence of life in the conditions on primordial Earth 
D)  that these could have been made in the absence of life in the conditions on modern Earth 
A)  that these could not have been made in the absence of life in the conditions on primordial Earth 
B)  that these could have been made in the presence of life in the conditions on primordial Earth 
C)  that these could have been made in the absence of life in the conditions on primordial Earth 
D)  that these could have been made in the absence of life in the conditions on modern Earth C

Question 3

What is a key trait of a multicellular organism?

Accepted Answer

A)  A division of labour exists among the organism's cells. 
B)  All the organism's cells have the same function. 
C)  The organism has many cells. 
D)  All the organism's cells are similar in shape. 
A)  A division of labour exists among the organism's cells. 
B)  All the organism's cells have the same function. 
C)  The organism has many cells. 
D)  All the organism's cells are similar in shape. A

Question 4

The energy for the synthesis of organic molecules on primordial Earth came from lightning and intense UV radiation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

What is the most surprising feature of the tree of life?

Accepted Answer

A)  It has a single branch. 
B)  It has many branches. 
C)  It has many starting points. 
D)  It has a single starting point. 
A)  It has a single branch. 
B)  It has many branches. 
C)  It has many starting points. 
D)  It has a single starting point.

Question 6

Which of the following factors is the most important requirement in order for life to emerge?

Accepted Answer

A)  the presence of liquid water 
B)  the presence of air 
C)  the presence of soil 
D)  the presence of sunlight 
A)  the presence of liquid water 
B)  the presence of air 
C)  the presence of soil 
D)  the presence of sunlight

Question 7

What is the name of the process by which mitochondria and chloroplasts probably evolved?

Accepted Answer

A)  endocytosis 
B)  endosymbiosis 
C)  exocytosis 
D)  exosymbiosis 
A)  endocytosis 
B)  endosymbiosis 
C)  exocytosis 
D)  exosymbiosis

Question 8

Explain this statement: "Proteins are much more diverse than ribozymes."

Accepted Answer

Proteins are composed of amino

Question 9

Explain how the discovery of ribozymes revolutionized our thinking about the origin of life.

Accepted Answer

Instead of the contemporary system that

Question 10

The first cells were probably aerobic heterotrophs.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Briefly describe the conditions on primordial Earth and why these were important for the first life to be created.

Accepted Answer

The early Earth was bombarded by rocks f

Question 12

What are protobionts?

Accepted Answer

A)  a group of abiotically produced organic molecules surrounded by a membranelike structure 
B)  a group of biotically produced inorganic molecules surrounded by a membranelike structure 
C)  a group of biotically produced organic molecules surrounded by a membranelike structure 
D)  a group of abiotically produced inorganic molecules surrounded by a membranelike structure 
A)  a group of abiotically produced organic molecules surrounded by a membranelike structure 
B)  a group of biotically produced inorganic molecules surrounded by a membranelike structure 
C)  a group of biotically produced organic molecules surrounded by a membranelike structure 
D)  a group of abiotically produced inorganic molecules surrounded by a membranelike structure

Question 13

Scientists believe that hydrothermal vents could have produced a lot more organic material than generated by the Miller-Urey experiments.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Explain the seven characteristics shared by all life-forms.

Accepted Answer

These are (1) Display order (all forms o

Question 15

Which statement best describes the importance of banded iron formations?

Accepted Answer

A)  The rust layers in them serve as evidence for the presence of rocks on early Earth. 
B)  The rust layers in them serve as evidence for the presence of iron on early Earth. 
C)  The rust layers in them serve as evidence for the fall of atmospheric oxygen on early Earth. 
D)  The rust layers in them serve as evidence for the rise of atmospheric oxygen on early Earth. 
A)  The rust layers in them serve as evidence for the presence of rocks on early Earth. 
B)  The rust layers in them serve as evidence for the presence of iron on early Earth. 
C)  The rust layers in them serve as evidence for the fall of atmospheric oxygen on early Earth. 
D)  The rust layers in them serve as evidence for the rise of atmospheric oxygen on early Earth.

Question 16

Which property of RNA makes some RNA molecules able to act as catalysts?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are single-stranded molecules that can fold into very specific shapes. 
B)  They are single-stranded molecules that cannot fold into very specific shapes. 
C)  They are double-stranded molecules. 
D)  They are double-stranded molecules that can fold into very specific shapes. 
A)  They are single-stranded molecules that can fold into very specific shapes. 
B)  They are single-stranded molecules that cannot fold into very specific shapes. 
C)  They are double-stranded molecules. 
D)  They are double-stranded molecules that can fold into very specific shapes.

Question 17

Earth is approximately 4.6 million years old.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

What is the difference between a unicellular organism and a multicellular organism (other than the actual number of cells)?

Accepted Answer

Unicellular organisms have onl

Question 19

Which of these statements does NOT describe eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  Their cytoplasm consists of the cytosol and organelles. 
B)  They possess a selectively permeable membrane. 
C)  Their genetic material is localized in the cytoplasm. 
D)  Their DNA is organized into chromosomes. 
A)  Their cytoplasm consists of the cytosol and organelles. 
B)  They possess a selectively permeable membrane. 
C)  Their genetic material is localized in the cytoplasm. 
D)  Their DNA is organized into chromosomes.

Question 20

What does a cell of prokaryotic type lack that differentiates it from a cell of eukaryotic type?

Accepted Answer

A)  a plasma membrane 
B)  a nucleus 
C)  DNA 
D)  chromosomes 
A)  a plasma membrane 
B)  a nucleus 
C)  DNA 
D)  chromosomes

Exam 21: Defining Life and Its Origins

If a warmed flask of water is analogous to the Miller-Urey experiment, which of the following is analogous to primordial Earth?

In the 1920s, Aleksandr Oparin and John Haldane each made independent proposals about the formation of life on Earth. What did they say about essential organic molecules?

What is a key trait of a multicellular organism?

The energy for the synthesis of organic molecules on primordial Earth came from lightning and intense UV radiation.

What is the most surprising feature of the tree of life?

Which of the following factors is the most important requirement in order for life to emerge?

What is the name of the process by which mitochondria and chloroplasts probably evolved?

Explain this statement: "Proteins are much more diverse than ribozymes."

Explain how the discovery of ribozymes revolutionized our thinking about the origin of life.

The first cells were probably aerobic heterotrophs.

Briefly describe the conditions on primordial Earth and why these were important for the first life to be created.

What are protobionts?

Scientists believe that hydrothermal vents could have produced a lot more organic material than generated by the Miller-Urey experiments.

Explain the seven characteristics shared by all life-forms.

Which statement best describes the importance of banded iron formations?

Which property of RNA makes some RNA molecules able to act as catalysts?

Earth is approximately 4.6 million years old.

What is the difference between a unicellular organism and a multicellular organism (other than the actual number of cells)?

Which of these statements does NOT describe eukaryotic cells?

What does a cell of prokaryotic type lack that differentiates it from a cell of eukaryotic type?

Light and Life

The Cell: an Overview

Energy and Enzymes

Cell Membranes and Signaling

Cellular Respiration

Photosynthesis

Cell Cycles

Genetic Recombination

The Chromosomal Basis of Mendelian Inheritance

Genetic Linkage, Sex-Linkage, and Other Non-Mendelian Inheritance Mechanisms

DNA Structure, Replication, and Repair

Gene Structure Expression, and Mutation

Regulation of Gene Expression

Dna Technologies

Genomes

Evolution: the Development of the Theory

Microevolution: Changes Within Populations

Speciation and Macroevolution

Systematics and Phylogenetics: Revealing the Tree of Life

Humans and Evolution

Viruses, Viroids, and Prions: Infectious Biological Particles

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Fungi

Plants

Animals

Conservation of Biodiversity

Population Ecology

Species Interactions and Community Ecology

Ecosystems

Animal Behaviour

Organization of the Plant Body

Transport in Plants

Reproduction and Development in Flowering Plants

Plant Nutrition

Plant Signals and Responses to the Environment

Introduction to Animal Organization and Physiology

Animal Nutrition

Gas Exchange: the Respiratory System

Internal Transport: the Circulatory System

Regulation of the Internal Environment: Water, Solutes, and Temperature

Control of Animal Processes: Endocrine Control

Animal Reproduction

Control of Animal Processes: Neural Control

Muscles, Skeletons, and Body Movements

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