Question 1

According to the basic rules of measurement, numbers may be used to do all of the following except:

Accepted Answer

A)  Define a characteristic 
B)  Differentiate one characteristic from another 
C)  Indicate order from less to more of a characteristic 
D)  Indicate an absolute amount of a characteristic 
A)  Define a characteristic 
B)  Differentiate one characteristic from another 
C)  Indicate order from less to more of a characteristic 
D)  Indicate an absolute amount of a characteristic A

Question 2

A systematic error is best defined as:

Accepted Answer

A)  An error that is due to data miscalculation, and thus repeats systematically throughout the findings 
B)  A consistent or predictable error, occurring when an assessment misestimates the true score by a consistent amount and in the same direction 
C)  An error due to the irregular circumstances when administering an assessment 
D)  An error that occurs by chance and is thus unpredictable 
A)  An error that is due to data miscalculation, and thus repeats systematically throughout the findings 
B)  A consistent or predictable error, occurring when an assessment misestimates the true score by a consistent amount and in the same direction 
C)  An error due to the irregular circumstances when administering an assessment 
D)  An error that occurs by chance and is thus unpredictable B

Question 3

The classical test theory is a set of psychometric approaches that aim to define the true score of an assessment by isolating the error of measurement from the achieved score.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 4

The extent of rater bias is assessed through investigation of inter-rater reliability.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

According to classic test theory, the reliability of an assessment is empirically assessed using all of the following methods except for:

Accepted Answer

A)  Test-retest reliability 
B)  Split-half reliability 
C)  Inter-rater reliability 
D)  Internal consistency 
A)  Test-retest reliability 
B)  Split-half reliability 
C)  Inter-rater reliability 
D)  Internal consistency

Question 6

The types of validity to consider when evaluating or developing an assessment are:

Accepted Answer

A)  The biasing effects of observer presence or observer characteristics, and rater bias 
B)  Error of measurement, systemic error, and random error 
C)  Face, content, criteria, and construct 
D)  Convergent and divergent measures, sensitivity, and specificity 
A)  The biasing effects of observer presence or observer characteristics, and rater bias 
B)  Error of measurement, systemic error, and random error 
C)  Face, content, criteria, and construct 
D)  Convergent and divergent measures, sensitivity, and specificity

Question 7

Operationalizing a construct refers to assigning a concrete means of defining an abstract idea, such as a measurement.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

With respect to social forces, an individual evaluating an assessment should consider all the following questions except:

Accepted Answer

A)  What purpose was the assessment designed for? 
B)  Will this assessment be effective at conveying my (investigator's) voice and values? 
C)  What values are reflected in this measure? 
D)  How has this purpose affected the content and design of the assessment? 
A)  What purpose was the assessment designed for? 
B)  Will this assessment be effective at conveying my (investigator's) voice and values? 
C)  What values are reflected in this measure? 
D)  How has this purpose affected the content and design of the assessment?

Question 9

One of the most important and effective ways to reduce the measurement error of an assessment is to standardize it.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 21: Developing and Evaluating Quantitative Data Collection Instruments

According to the basic rules of measurement, numbers may be used to do all of the following except:

A systematic error is best defined as:

The classical test theory is a set of psychometric approaches that aim to define the true score of an assessment by isolating the error of measurement from the achieved score.

The extent of rater bias is assessed through investigation of inter-rater reliability.

According to classic test theory, the reliability of an assessment is empirically assessed using all of the following methods except for:

The types of validity to consider when evaluating or developing an assessment are:

Operationalizing a construct refers to assigning a concrete means of defining an abstract idea, such as a measurement.

With respect to social forces, an individual evaluating an assessment should consider all the following questions except:

One of the most important and effective ways to reduce the measurement error of an assessment is to standardize it.

Occupational Therapy As an Evidence-Based Practice Profession

Classifications and Aims of Research

Philosophical Foundations of Research

Reading and Understanding Published and Presented Research

Critically Appraising and Classifying Published and Presented Research

Managing Barriers to Evidence-Based Practice: An International Imperative

Professional Responsibility and Roles in Research

The Role of Theory in Occupational Therapy

Steps in the Research Process and Characteristics of Sound Research

Conducting a Literature Review

Generating Research Questions and Defining Specific Aims and Hypotheses

Selecting the Research Method

Writing the Research Proposal

Ensuring Ethical Research

Securing Samples and Performance Sites

Design Considerations in Qualitative Research

Collecting Qualitative Data

Contemporary Tools for Managing and Analyzing Qualitative Data

Qualitative Approaches to Interpreting and Reporting Data

Quantitative Research Designs: Defining Variables and Their Relationships With One Another

Collecting Quantitative Data

Entering, Storing, and Managing Data

Deciding on an Approach to Data Analysis

Meta-Analysis

Single-Subject Research

Survey Research

Needs Assessment Research

Program Evaluation Research

Participatory Research Approaches

Writing a Literature Review

Disseminating Research: Presenting, Writing, and Publishing

Writing a Grant Proposal

Using Mixed-Methods Designs to Study Therapy and Its Outcomes

Creating Outcomes Research for Evidence-Based Practice

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