Question 1

A unit of analysis refers to the scale of measurement utilized when analyzing the demographics of a sample.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 2

Please match the definition with sampling approache appropriate.
-An equivalent to random sampling, where subjects are identified from a population list according to a numeric pattern

Accepted Answer

A)  Purposive sampling 
B)  Stratified sampling 
C)  Network sampling 
D)  Quota sampling 
E)  Systematic sampling 
A)  Purposive sampling 
B)  Stratified sampling 
C)  Network sampling 
D)  Quota sampling 
E)  Systematic sampling E

Question 3

The steps involved in sampling include these five critical steps:

Accepted Answer

A)  Define the population of interest, unit of analysis, performance site, and sampling approach, as well as implement the sampling procedures. 
B)  Define the population of interest, unit of analysis, performance site, and sampling approach, as well as obtain approvals for entry. 
C)  Define the population of interest, unit of analysis, performance site, and documentation required, as well as identify a specific time frame. 
D)  Define the population of interest, unit of analysis, and documentation required, ensure diverse sampling, and identify a specific time frame. 
A)  Define the population of interest, unit of analysis, performance site, and sampling approach, as well as implement the sampling procedures. 
B)  Define the population of interest, unit of analysis, performance site, and sampling approach, as well as obtain approvals for entry. 
C)  Define the population of interest, unit of analysis, performance site, and documentation required, as well as identify a specific time frame. 
D)  Define the population of interest, unit of analysis, and documentation required, ensure diverse sampling, and identify a specific time frame. A

Question 4

In qualitative research, researchers should use theoretically defined statistical methods of sampling as required for making inferences about the population of interest.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Please match the definition with sampling approache appropriate.
-The recruitment of specific individuals to ensure appropriate representation in the sample

Accepted Answer

A)  Purposive sampling 
B)  Stratified sampling 
C)  Network sampling 
D)  Quota sampling 
E)  Systematic sampling 
A)  Purposive sampling 
B)  Stratified sampling 
C)  Network sampling 
D)  Quota sampling 
E)  Systematic sampling

Question 6

Because sampling error represents the degree to which the sample is representative of the population, the larger the sample error, the less representative the sample is to the population and the lower the external validity.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Some examples of different types of performance sites in occupational therapy research include university laboratory facilities, inpatient units, outpatient rehabilitation centers, skilled nursing facilities, and community-based organizations.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Which of the following would not be a key consideration for limiting potential threats to external validity?

Accepted Answer

A)  Location of the study 
B)  Statistical approach of the study 
C)  People recruited for the study 
D)  Timing of the study 
A)  Location of the study 
B)  Statistical approach of the study 
C)  People recruited for the study 
D)  Timing of the study

Question 9

Please match the definition with sampling approache appropriate.
-The deliberate selection of individuals by the researcher based on certain predetermined criteria (usually stated as inclusion and exclusion criteria)

Accepted Answer

A)  Purposive sampling 
B)  Stratified sampling 
C)  Network sampling 
D)  Quota sampling 
E)  Systematic sampling 
A)  Purposive sampling 
B)  Stratified sampling 
C)  Network sampling 
D)  Quota sampling 
E)  Systematic sampling

Question 10

When calculating a sample size, which of the following statements is incorrect regarding the relationship among variables?

Accepted Answer

A)  As the sample size increases, the statistical power increases. 
B)  If variation in outcome decreases, the statistical power increases. 
C)  If variation in outcome increases, the sample size needs to decrease. 
D)  If the effect size decreases, the sample size needs to increase. 
A)  As the sample size increases, the statistical power increases. 
B)  If variation in outcome decreases, the statistical power increases. 
C)  If variation in outcome increases, the sample size needs to decrease. 
D)  If the effect size decreases, the sample size needs to increase.

Question 11

How a subject pool is selected depends on several issues. Which of the following factors would not be included among those that define the sample?

Accepted Answer

A)  The specific research question 
B)  The impact of the research proposal 
C)  The accessibility of the population of interest 
D)  The research approach (quantitative or qualitative) 
A)  The specific research question 
B)  The impact of the research proposal 
C)  The accessibility of the population of interest 
D)  The research approach (quantitative or qualitative)

Question 12

A key distinction of quantitative designs is that when securing a sample, it is acceptable that the researcher's sampling plans change during the study (including the number, type, and description of the subjects to be studied).

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Please match the definition with sampling approache appropriate.
-A method in which initially identified subjects provide names of others who may meet the study criteria

Accepted Answer

A)  Purposive sampling 
B)  Stratified sampling 
C)  Network sampling 
D)  Quota sampling 
E)  Systematic sampling 
A)  Purposive sampling 
B)  Stratified sampling 
C)  Network sampling 
D)  Quota sampling 
E)  Systematic sampling

Question 14

Please match the definition with sampling approache appropriate.
-A random sample, but the selection is from identified subgroups within the population

Accepted Answer

A)  Purposive sampling 
B)  Stratified sampling 
C)  Network sampling 
D)  Quota sampling 
E)  Systematic sampling 
A)  Purposive sampling 
B)  Stratified sampling 
C)  Network sampling 
D)  Quota sampling 
E)  Systematic sampling

Exam 15: Securing Samples and Performance Sites

A unit of analysis refers to the scale of measurement utilized when analyzing the demographics of a sample.

Please match the definition with sampling approache appropriate. -An equivalent to random sampling, where subjects are identified from a population list according to a numeric pattern

The steps involved in sampling include these five critical steps:

In qualitative research, researchers should use theoretically defined statistical methods of sampling as required for making inferences about the population of interest.

Please match the definition with sampling approache appropriate. -The recruitment of specific individuals to ensure appropriate representation in the sample

Because sampling error represents the degree to which the sample is representative of the population, the larger the sample error, the less representative the sample is to the population and the lower the external validity.

Some examples of different types of performance sites in occupational therapy research include university laboratory facilities, inpatient units, outpatient rehabilitation centers, skilled nursing facilities, and community-based organizations.

Which of the following would not be a key consideration for limiting potential threats to external validity?

Please match the definition with sampling approache appropriate. -The deliberate selection of individuals by the researcher based on certain predetermined criteria (usually stated as inclusion and exclusion criteria)

When calculating a sample size, which of the following statements is incorrect regarding the relationship among variables?

How a subject pool is selected depends on several issues. Which of the following factors would not be included among those that define the sample?

A key distinction of quantitative designs is that when securing a sample, it is acceptable that the researcher's sampling plans change during the study (including the number, type, and description of the subjects to be studied).

Please match the definition with sampling approache appropriate. -A method in which initially identified subjects provide names of others who may meet the study criteria

Please match the definition with sampling approache appropriate. -A random sample, but the selection is from identified subgroups within the population

Occupational Therapy As an Evidence-Based Practice Profession

Classifications and Aims of Research

Philosophical Foundations of Research

Reading and Understanding Published and Presented Research

Critically Appraising and Classifying Published and Presented Research

Managing Barriers to Evidence-Based Practice: An International Imperative

Professional Responsibility and Roles in Research

The Role of Theory in Occupational Therapy

Steps in the Research Process and Characteristics of Sound Research

Conducting a Literature Review

Generating Research Questions and Defining Specific Aims and Hypotheses

Selecting the Research Method

Writing the Research Proposal

Ensuring Ethical Research

Design Considerations in Qualitative Research

Collecting Qualitative Data

Contemporary Tools for Managing and Analyzing Qualitative Data

Qualitative Approaches to Interpreting and Reporting Data

Quantitative Research Designs: Defining Variables and Their Relationships With One Another

Developing and Evaluating Quantitative Data Collection Instruments

Collecting Quantitative Data

Entering, Storing, and Managing Data

Deciding on an Approach to Data Analysis

Meta-Analysis

Single-Subject Research

Survey Research

Needs Assessment Research

Program Evaluation Research

Participatory Research Approaches

Writing a Literature Review

Disseminating Research: Presenting, Writing, and Publishing

Writing a Grant Proposal

Using Mixed-Methods Designs to Study Therapy and Its Outcomes

Creating Outcomes Research for Evidence-Based Practice

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