Exam 9: Cognitive Development: The Information-Processing Approach

Bailey, a 4-year-old, always recites numbers in the same order ("1, 3, 4, ….). According to Gelman and Gallistel, which of the following counting principle is applied?

Most children have some grasp of the inversion principle by the time they reach the

Marissa is undergoing neuropsychological testing and is being asked to remember a list of words. Which of the following is a strategy she might attempt to use to remember the words?

What is the microgenetic technique, and how does it differ from the longitudinal approach? What five types of information are provided by the microgenetic technique?

The information processing perspective differs from the traditional learning view because information processing theorists are concerned with __________ rather than with __________, as are traditional learning theorists.

Which approach allows a researcher to gather the most information about the path, rate, breadth, variability, and sources of cognitive change?

__________ refers to the preservation of the memory for an event through reencounter with at least some portion of the event in the interval between initial experience and memory test.

__________ refers to programming a computer to perform a cognitive task in the same way in which humans are thought to perform it.

Jeffrey Bisanz found that, compared to their performances on standard arithmetic problems, preschoolers were __________ when solving the inversion problems.

Researchers have shown that most (60% of) infants can engage in analogical reasoning by the time they are

Schneider et al. compared the performance of 10- to 13-year-olds and adults on a task involving memory for the layout of chess pieces on a chessboard. Half of the children and adults were chess experts and half were not. They found that the

Three-year-olds were shown pictures of blue cars, red cars, blue flowers, and red flowers. They were asked to sort the pictures into a stack of blue things and a stack of red things. They performed very well on this task. They were then asked to sort the same cards again, but this time they should make a stack of cars and a stack of flowers. What is the likely outcome?

Classic research by Flavell and his colleagues showed that most older children use rehearsal as a mnemonic strategy. Kamisha, as expected by Flavell's research, uses rehearsal to memorize verses for Sunday school each week. One day at school, her teacher asks her to memorize a short speech for a school assembly. Kamisha does not know how to begin memorizing this short speech. It doesn't occur to her to use rehearsal. This is an example of

Gallistel and Gelman (1992) have proposed that number skills in infants are due to the existence of

The information-processing approach that is most similar to the complex system of neurons in the human brain is

What is the relationship between knowledge base and memory development?

Between age 6 and adolescence, children become increasingly likely to use mnemonics to remember a list of words such as cow, truck, tree, car, dog, flower, etc. The mnemonic that the youngest children would be most likely to use is

Which of the following depicts the min strategy for solving 3 + 5?

Which statement below is false?

Three-month-old infants are exposed to the mobile procedure in which they learn to activate a mobile by kicking their legs. For about how long will the babies be able to remember the association between the kicking and the movement of the mobile?