Question 1

Most patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis have antibodies to:

Accepted Answer

A)  T₃  and T₄ 
B)  Thyroglobulin 
C)  TSH receptors 
D)  TRH receptors 
A)  T₃  and T₄ 
B)  Thyroglobulin 
C)  TSH receptors 
D)  TRH receptors B

Question 2

Plasmapheresis is an effective treatment for:

Accepted Answer

A)  Graves' disease 
B)  Myasthenia gravis 
C)  Goodpasture syndrome 
D)  Systemic lupus erythematosus (SL
E)  
A)  Graves' disease 
B)  Myasthenia gravis 
C)  Goodpasture syndrome 
D)  Systemic lupus erythematosus (SL
E)  C

Question 3

Which of the following autoimmune disorders involves a complement defect?

Accepted Answer

A)  Rheumatic fever 
B)  Goodpasture syndrome 
C)  Autoimmune hemolytic anemia 
D)  Systemic lupus erythematosus (SL
E)  
A)  Rheumatic fever 
B)  Goodpasture syndrome 
C)  Autoimmune hemolytic anemia 
D)  Systemic lupus erythematosus (SL
E)  D

Question 4

Which is one way that a microbial infection may act as a trigger for an autoimmune disease?

Accepted Answer

A)  Microbial antigens may closely resemble self-antigens. 
B)  Microbes may colonize the lymph nodes and overstimulate T and B cells. 
C)  Microbes may secrete chemicals that resemble cytokines and inappropriately activate an immune response to self-antigens. 
D)  Microbial antigens may be distributed out into tissues and remain for long periods of time, triggering an extended immune response that also targets the host. 
A)  Microbial antigens may closely resemble self-antigens. 
B)  Microbes may colonize the lymph nodes and overstimulate T and B cells. 
C)  Microbes may secrete chemicals that resemble cytokines and inappropriately activate an immune response to self-antigens. 
D)  Microbial antigens may be distributed out into tissues and remain for long periods of time, triggering an extended immune response that also targets the host.

Question 5

What role does receptor-activated NF-kB ligand (RANKL) play in rheumatoid arthritis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Degrades hyaluronic acid 
B)  Produces rheumatoid factor 
C)  Stimulates osteoclasts to destroy bone 
D)  Increases production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) 
A)  Degrades hyaluronic acid 
B)  Produces rheumatoid factor 
C)  Stimulates osteoclasts to destroy bone 
D)  Increases production of reactive oxygen species (ROS)

Question 6

Which of the following is a symptom of Graves' disease?

Accepted Answer

A)  Bulging eyes 
B)  Double vision 
C)  Blurred vision 
D)  Drooping eyelids 
A)  Bulging eyes 
B)  Double vision 
C)  Blurred vision 
D)  Drooping eyelids

Question 7

What is the function of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)?

Accepted Answer

A)  Stimulates production of TSH 
B)  Stimulates production of thyroglobulin 
C)  Stimulates production of thyroid releasing hormone (TRH) 
D)  Stimulates production of triiodothyronine (T₃ ) and thyroxine (T₄) 
A)  Stimulates production of TSH 
B)  Stimulates production of thyroglobulin 
C)  Stimulates production of thyroid releasing hormone (TRH) 
D)  Stimulates production of triiodothyronine (T₃ ) and thyroxine (T₄)

Question 8

The symptoms of myasthenia gravis are caused by:

Accepted Answer

A)  Destruction of type IV collagen 
B)  Decreased levels of thyroid hormones 
C)  Destruction of acetylcholine receptors 
D)  Deposition of immune complexes in tissue 
A)  Destruction of type IV collagen 
B)  Decreased levels of thyroid hormones 
C)  Destruction of acetylcholine receptors 
D)  Deposition of immune complexes in tissue

Question 9

Epstein-Barr virus is associated with the etiology of which of the following autoimmune diseases? 
I. Type 1 diabetes
II. Rheumatoid arthritis
III. Ankylosing spondylitis

Accepted Answer

A)  I only 
B)  III only 
C)  I and II 
D)  II and III 
E)  I, II, and III 
A)  I only 
B)  III only 
C)  I and II 
D)  II and III 
E)  I, II, and III

Question 10

Cytomegalovirus (CMV), as well as other infections, may contribute to the development of which autoimmune disorder?

Accepted Answer

A)  Diabetes 
B)  Myasthenia gravis 
C)  Pernicious anemia 
D)  Systemic lupus erythematosus (SL
E)  
A)  Diabetes 
B)  Myasthenia gravis 
C)  Pernicious anemia 
D)  Systemic lupus erythematosus (SL
E)

Question 11

What is the main immune target of ankylosing spondylitis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Heart 
B)  Joints 
C)  Pancreas 
D)  Vertebrae 
A)  Heart 
B)  Joints 
C)  Pancreas 
D)  Vertebrae

Question 12

Reactive arthritis is triggered by:

Accepted Answer

A)  Food 
B)  Medications 
C)  Infectious disease 
D)  Rheumatoid factor 
A)  Food 
B)  Medications 
C)  Infectious disease 
D)  Rheumatoid factor

Question 13

What is the difference between SLE and drug-induced SLE?

Accepted Answer

A)  There are no memory cells produced in drug-induced SLE. 
B)  There are no antibodies produced during drug-induced SLE. 
C)  SLE can resolve over time, but drug-induced SLE is a life-long illness. 
D)  More men suffer from SLE, but more women experience drug-induced SLE. 
A)  There are no memory cells produced in drug-induced SLE. 
B)  There are no antibodies produced during drug-induced SLE. 
C)  SLE can resolve over time, but drug-induced SLE is a life-long illness. 
D)  More men suffer from SLE, but more women experience drug-induced SLE.

Question 14

The goiter associated with Graves' disease is caused by:

Accepted Answer

A)  Inhibition of TSH receptors 
B)  Inhibition of TRH receptors 
C)  Constant stimulation of TSH receptors 
D)  Constant stimulation of TRH receptors 
A)  Inhibition of TSH receptors 
B)  Inhibition of TRH receptors 
C)  Constant stimulation of TSH receptors 
D)  Constant stimulation of TRH receptors

Question 15

What causes increased thirst in patients with untreated or uncontrolled diabetes?

Accepted Answer

A)  Glucose in the kidney changes pH, which alters fluid balance. 
B)  Glucose in the kidney damages cells that control water movement. 
C)  Glucose in the kidney changes osmolarity, which increases water output. 
D)  Glucose in the kidney damages the glomerulus and too much water is filtered. 
A)  Glucose in the kidney changes pH, which alters fluid balance. 
B)  Glucose in the kidney damages cells that control water movement. 
C)  Glucose in the kidney changes osmolarity, which increases water output. 
D)  Glucose in the kidney damages the glomerulus and too much water is filtered.

Question 16

Type 1 diabetes involves destruction of pancreatic:
I- b Cells
II- d Cells
III- a Cells

Accepted Answer

A)  I only 
B)  III only 
C)  I and II 
D)  II and III 
E)  I, II, and III 
A)  I only 
B)  III only 
C)  I and II 
D)  II and III 
E)  I, II, and III

Question 17

In Goodpasture syndrome, antigens that are normally sequestered are exposed, and antibodies are produced that react with those antigens. What is a potential factor that could lead to exposure of these normally hidden self-antigens? 
I. Toxins
II. Infection
III. Smoking

Accepted Answer

A)  I only 
B)  III only 
C)  I and II 
D)  II and III 
E)  I, II, and III 
A)  I only 
B)  III only 
C)  I and II 
D)  II and III 
E)  I, II, and III

Question 18

The autoimmune response in patients with Goodpasture syndrome results in damage to the basement membrane of the:

Accepted Answer

A)  Lungs and kidneys 
B)  Liver and pancreas 
C)  Heart and skeletal muscles 
D)  Thyroid and hypothalamus 
A)  Lungs and kidneys 
B)  Liver and pancreas 
C)  Heart and skeletal muscles 
D)  Thyroid and hypothalamus

Question 19

Patients with pernicious anemia have antibodies to:

Accepted Answer

A)  Vitamin B₁₂ 
B)  Hemoglobin 
C)  Intrinsic factor 
D)  Red blood cells (RBCs) 
A)  Vitamin B₁₂ 
B)  Hemoglobin 
C)  Intrinsic factor 
D)  Red blood cells (RBCs)

Question 20

Patients with Graves' disease often experience:

Accepted Answer

A)  Weight gain 
B)  Rapid heart rate 
C)  Photosensitivity 
D)  Weakness of skeletal muscles 
A)  Weight gain 
B)  Rapid heart rate 
C)  Photosensitivity 
D)  Weakness of skeletal muscles

Exam 16: Autoimmunity

Most patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis have antibodies to:

Plasmapheresis is an effective treatment for:

Which of the following autoimmune disorders involves a complement defect?

Which is one way that a microbial infection may act as a trigger for an autoimmune disease?

What role does receptor-activated NF-kB ligand (RANKL) play in rheumatoid arthritis?

Which of the following is a symptom of Graves' disease?

What is the function of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)?

The symptoms of myasthenia gravis are caused by:

Epstein-Barr virus is associated with the etiology of which of the following autoimmune diseases? I. Type 1 diabetes II. Rheumatoid arthritis III. Ankylosing spondylitis

Cytomegalovirus (CMV), as well as other infections, may contribute to the development of which autoimmune disorder?

What is the main immune target of ankylosing spondylitis?

Reactive arthritis is triggered by:

What is the difference between SLE and drug-induced SLE?

The goiter associated with Graves' disease is caused by:

What causes increased thirst in patients with untreated or uncontrolled diabetes?

Type 1 diabetes involves destruction of pancreatic: I- b Cells II- d Cells III- a Cells

In Goodpasture syndrome, antigens that are normally sequestered are exposed, and antibodies are produced that react with those antigens. What is a potential factor that could lead to exposure of these normally hidden self-antigens? I. Toxins II. Infection III. Smoking

The autoimmune response in patients with Goodpasture syndrome results in damage to the basement membrane of the:

Patients with pernicious anemia have antibodies to:

Patients with Graves' disease often experience:

Cells and Organs of the Immune System

Innate Immunity

Immunogenicity and Antigenicity

Antigen Presenting Molecules

Antigen Presenting Cells

Surface Interactions Between T Cells and Antigen-Presenting Cells

Intracellular Signaling and T Cell Activation

B Cell Activation and Signaling

Antibodies

Antibody Diversity

Complement

Phagocytosis and Intracellular Killing

Antibodies and in Vivo Therapy

Antibodies and in Vitro Research and Diagnostic Assays

Immediate Allergic Reactions

Transplantation

Antigen Presentation for Cell-Mediated Response

Delayed Type Hypersensitivity Reactions

Cytotoxic T Cells

Natural Killer Cells

Factors That Influence the Immune Response

Cytokines and Biological Modifiers

Vaccines in Theory and Practice

Vaccine-Preventable Diseases

Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome

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