Question 1

Why is the proteome larger than the genome?

Accepted Answer

A) Proteins may be modified by covalent addition of a variety of molecules 
B) Not all genes are expressed in all cells at the same time 
C) Each gene will produce multiple mRNAs which will produce multiple proteins so the ratio of the number of protein molecules the number of genes is greater than 1. 
D) The total amount of protein in a cell as measured by mass is always greater than the total amount of DNA. 
A) Proteins may be modified by covalent addition of a variety of molecules 
B) Not all genes are expressed in all cells at the same time 
C) Each gene will produce multiple mRNAs which will produce multiple proteins so the ratio of the number of protein molecules the number of genes is greater than 1. 
D) The total amount of protein in a cell as measured by mass is always greater than the total amount of DNA.

Question 2

A cluster analysis is used when reading a DNA microarray to identify genes whose expression follow a similar patterns.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

What is the term for two genes from two different species that are similar in sequence and serve the same function in each species?

Accepted Answer

A) Related genes 
B) Paralogs 
C) Gene family 
D) Orthologs 
A) Related genes 
B) Paralogs 
C) Gene family 
D) Orthologs

Question 4

The purpose of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) in a two-dimensional gel electrophoresis experiment is that it allows proteins to separated by

Accepted Answer

A) by charge only 
B) primarily by molecular mass 
C) by a combination of both size and mass 
D) net charge 
A) by charge only 
B) primarily by molecular mass 
C) by a combination of both size and mass 
D) net charge

Question 5

What technique can be used to identify a proteins function?

Accepted Answer

A) Functional protein microarray 
B) Antibody microarray 
C) DNA microarray 
D) RNA microarray 
A) Functional protein microarray 
B) Antibody microarray 
C) DNA microarray 
D) RNA microarray

Question 6

_________ make it possible for researchers to study how an entire genome responds to an environmental stimulus.

Accepted Answer

A) Bioinformatics 
B) PCR reactions 
C) DNA microarrays 
D) The BLAST program 
A) Bioinformatics 
B) PCR reactions 
C) DNA microarrays 
D) The BLAST program

Question 7

What does detection of a fluorescent signal from one of the spots of a DNA microarray indicate?

Accepted Answer

A) The probe hybridized to the sequences present in that spot 
B) The probe did not hybridize to that particular gene 
C) The experiment was not conducted correctly 
D) That the probe was non-specifically trapped by the material present in the spot. 
A) The probe hybridized to the sequences present in that spot 
B) The probe did not hybridize to that particular gene 
C) The experiment was not conducted correctly 
D) That the probe was non-specifically trapped by the material present in the spot.

Question 8

The program BLAST would be best used for what purpose?

Accepted Answer

A)  Determining what restriction sites are present in a fragment of DNA 
B)  Identifying a promoter sequence 
C)  Identifying splice donor and acceptor sites 
D)  Identify related sequences to a given DNA sequence in the Genbank database 
A)  Determining what restriction sites are present in a fragment of DNA 
B)  Identifying a promoter sequence 
C)  Identifying splice donor and acceptor sites 
D)  Identify related sequences to a given DNA sequence in the Genbank database

Question 9

A pattern recognition algorithm examines a string of nucleotides for sections that match a specific sequence parameter.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

A database is defined as

Accepted Answer

A) A large collection of files stored in one place. 
B) A small collection of files that are stored in different places 
C) Files that are only used by the BLAST program 
D) A large collection of files that are not annotated. 
A) A large collection of files stored in one place. 
B) A small collection of files that are stored in different places 
C) Files that are only used by the BLAST program 
D) A large collection of files that are not annotated.

Question 11

What type of molecule is used in a protein microarray to measure protein expression?

Accepted Answer

A)  cDNA 
B)  mRNA 
C)  Single-stranded DNA 
D)  Antibodies 
A)  cDNA 
B)  mRNA 
C)  Single-stranded DNA 
D)  Antibodies

Question 12

DNA microarrays may be paired with chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) to

Accepted Answer

A) assay the use of substrates by different enzymes. 
B) determine mRNA folding patterns 
C) identify DNA sequences bound by specific proteins. 
D) identify protein-protein interactions. 
A) assay the use of substrates by different enzymes. 
B) determine mRNA folding patterns 
C) identify DNA sequences bound by specific proteins. 
D) identify protein-protein interactions.

Question 13

The figure below represents the results of a DNA microarray experiment that compared a cell line before and after treatment with drug. What would be an appropriate conclusion to draw from this data?

Accepted Answer

A) At one hour post induction none of the mRNAs that are in the figure are producing protein 
B) Some of the genes that are presented may have significant amounts of mRNA in the cell prior to induction. 
C) The amount of protein for each gene presented will show a similar increase as the mRNA. 
D) At seven hours post-induction the treated cells should have the maximal amount of mRNA for each gene. 
A) At one hour post induction none of the mRNAs that are in the figure are producing protein 
B) Some of the genes that are presented may have significant amounts of mRNA in the cell prior to induction. 
C) The amount of protein for each gene presented will show a similar increase as the mRNA. 
D) At seven hours post-induction the treated cells should have the maximal amount of mRNA for each gene.

Exam 23: Genomics II: Functional Genomics, Proteomics, and Bioinformatics

Why is the proteome larger than the genome?

A cluster analysis is used when reading a DNA microarray to identify genes whose expression follow a similar patterns.

What is the term for two genes from two different species that are similar in sequence and serve the same function in each species?

The purpose of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) in a two-dimensional gel electrophoresis experiment is that it allows proteins to separated by

What technique can be used to identify a proteins function?

_________ make it possible for researchers to study how an entire genome responds to an environmental stimulus.

What does detection of a fluorescent signal from one of the spots of a DNA microarray indicate?

The program BLAST would be best used for what purpose?

A pattern recognition algorithm examines a string of nucleotides for sections that match a specific sequence parameter.

A database is defined as

What type of molecule is used in a protein microarray to measure protein expression?

DNA microarrays may be paired with chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) to

The figure below represents the results of a DNA microarray experiment that compared a cell line before and after treatment with drug. What would be an appropriate conclusion to draw from this data?

Overview of Genetics

Mendelian Inheritance

Chromosome Transmission During Cell Division and Sexual Reproduction

Extensions of Mendelian Inheritance

Non-Mendelian Inheritance

Genetic Linkage and Mapping in Eukaryotes

Genetic Transfer and Mapping in Bacteria and Bacteriophages

Variation in Chromosome Structure and Number

Molecular Structure of DNA and RNA

Chromosome Organization and Molecular Structure

DNA Replication

Gene Transcription and RNA Modification

Translation of MRNA

Gene Regulation in Bacteria

Gene Regulation in Eukaryotes I: Transcriptional Regulation

Gene Regulation in Eukaryotes II: Epigenetics and Regulation at the RNA Level

Genetics of Viruses

Gene Mutation and Dna Repair

Recombination and Transposition at the Molecular Level

DNA Technologies

Biotechnology

Genomics I: Analysis of DNA

Medical Genetics and Cancer

Developmental Genetics

Population Genetics

Quantitative Genetics

Evolutionary Genetics

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