Question 1

The word psychology comes from the roots psyche and logos, which mean respectively

Accepted Answer

A) behavior and science. 
B) brain and science. 
C) mind and knowledge or study. 
D) personality and knowledge or study. 
A) behavior and science. 
B) brain and science. 
C) mind and knowledge or study. 
D) personality and knowledge or study.

Question 2

A psychologist wishes to repeat an experiment in a rural school that was originally conducted in an urban school setting.In order to repeat the specific procedures used to gather the data, this psychologist should pay close attention to which section of the original research report?

Accepted Answer

A) discussion 
B) introduction 
C) method 
D) results 
A) discussion 
B) introduction 
C) method 
D) results

Question 3

According to the definition of psychology, which of the following would a psychologist be most likely to study?

Accepted Answer

A) the genetic diversity in a population of domestic animals 
B) how to select employees based on their handwriting analyses 
C) the influence of a teacher on a student's academic success 
D) the determination of personality traits using the position of the stars and planets at the time of one's birth 
A) the genetic diversity in a population of domestic animals 
B) how to select employees based on their handwriting analyses 
C) the influence of a teacher on a student's academic success 
D) the determination of personality traits using the position of the stars and planets at the time of one's birth

Question 4

An industrial psychologist uses psychometric tests and interviews to select the best candidate for a specialized task.The psychologist's work directly illustrates which goal of psychology?

Accepted Answer

A) description 
B) understanding 
C) prediction 
D) control 
A) description 
B) understanding 
C) prediction 
D) control

Question 5

Lindsay's friend answered a magazine ad that claimed that her personality could be analyzed by a computer using her birth sign.She tells Lindsay that her computer-generated profile was very accurate and that Lindsay should send in her money and her birthdate to the company.Lindsay should

Accepted Answer

A) write the company and request the names of satisfied customers in her area. 
B) find a good phrenologist instead. 
C) know that good astrological readings cannot be done by computers. 
D) consider that her friend may have been taken in by the fallacy of positive instances. 
A) write the company and request the names of satisfied customers in her area. 
B) find a good phrenologist instead. 
C) know that good astrological readings cannot be done by computers. 
D) consider that her friend may have been taken in by the fallacy of positive instances.

Question 6

A scientific explanation that remains tentative until it has been adequately tested is called a(n)

Accepted Answer

A) theory. 
B) law. 
C) hypothesis. 
D) experiment. 
A) theory. 
B) law. 
C) hypothesis. 
D) experiment.

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT one of the six elements of the scientific method?

Accepted Answer

A) defining a problem 
B) gathering evidence 
C) publishing results 
D) critiquing previous research 
A) defining a problem 
B) gathering evidence 
C) publishing results 
D) critiquing previous research

Question 8

Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding graphology?

Accepted Answer

A) Graphologists score close to zero on tests of accuracy in rating personality. 
B) Graphologists do no better than untrained college students in rating personality and job performance. 
C) A graphological society concluded that handwriting analysis should not be used to select people for jobs. 
D) Graphology cannot be used to detect forgeries. 
A) Graphologists score close to zero on tests of accuracy in rating personality. 
B) Graphologists do no better than untrained college students in rating personality and job performance. 
C) A graphological society concluded that handwriting analysis should not be used to select people for jobs. 
D) Graphology cannot be used to detect forgeries.

Question 9

Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow belong to which school of thought in psychology?

Accepted Answer

A) humanistic psychology 
B) psychoanalytical psychology 
C) behaviorism 
D) Gestalt psychology 
A) humanistic psychology 
B) psychoanalytical psychology 
C) behaviorism 
D) Gestalt psychology

Question 10

Frame of reference is

Accepted Answer

A) another name for one's self-image. 
B) one's image of others. 
C) a mental perspective used for evaluating events. 
D) a determinist perspective that is involved in shaping one's personality. 
A) another name for one's self-image. 
B) one's image of others. 
C) a mental perspective used for evaluating events. 
D) a determinist perspective that is involved in shaping one's personality.

Question 11

Which of the following statements regarding the use of common sense is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A) Common sense has no value. 
B) Common sense and personal observations usually provide all the information one needs to know about any situation. 
C) Common sense statements provide systematic data. 
D) Common sense often provides vague and inconsistent pieces of information. 
A) Common sense has no value. 
B) Common sense and personal observations usually provide all the information one needs to know about any situation. 
C) Common sense statements provide systematic data. 
D) Common sense often provides vague and inconsistent pieces of information.

Question 12

According to your psychology textbook, which of the following statements is TRUE regarding women in psychology?

Accepted Answer

A) By 1906 in America, only one psychologist in 50 was a woman. 
B) In recent years nearly 75 percent of the college graduates with a major in psychology are women. 
C) It was not until 1956 that a woman became president of the American Psychological Association for the first time. 
D) Carol Gilligan was the first woman to be awarded a Ph.D.in psychology in 1894. 
A) By 1906 in America, only one psychologist in 50 was a woman. 
B) In recent years nearly 75 percent of the college graduates with a major in psychology are women. 
C) It was not until 1956 that a woman became president of the American Psychological Association for the first time. 
D) Carol Gilligan was the first woman to be awarded a Ph.D.in psychology in 1894.

Question 13

According to your textbook, which of the following is NOT one of the three broad perspectives that shape modern psychology?

Accepted Answer

A) biological 
B) therapeutic 
C) psychological 
D) sociocultural 
A) biological 
B) therapeutic 
C) psychological 
D) sociocultural

Question 14

A systematic process for answering scientific questions is called

Accepted Answer

A) a research method. 
B) a scientific deduction. 
C) the induction method. 
D) the analytical method. 
A) a research method. 
B) a scientific deduction. 
C) the induction method. 
D) the analytical method.

Question 15

Which of the following psychological approaches is matched correctly to its view of human nature?

Accepted Answer

A) behavioristic----------------positive, philosophical view 
B) humanistic------------------neutral, scientific, somewhat mechanistic view 
C) psychodynamic------------somewhat negative, pessimistic view 
D) cognitive--------------------positive, philosophical view 
A) behavioristic----------------positive, philosophical view 
B) humanistic------------------neutral, scientific, somewhat mechanistic view 
C) psychodynamic------------somewhat negative, pessimistic view 
D) cognitive--------------------positive, philosophical view

Question 16

Psychological research found which of the following common-sense beliefs to be FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A) Babies love their mothers because their mothers fulfill their babies' physiological need for food. 
B) Blind people have unusually sensitive organs of touch. 
C) The more motivated you are, the better you will do at solving a complex problem. 
D) All of these common-sense beliefs were found to be FALSE. 
A) Babies love their mothers because their mothers fulfill their babies' physiological need for food. 
B) Blind people have unusually sensitive organs of touch. 
C) The more motivated you are, the better you will do at solving a complex problem. 
D) All of these common-sense beliefs were found to be FALSE.

Question 17

Overt behavior includes

Accepted Answer

A) anything a person does. 
B) things a person does which cannot be seen by others. 
C) only those things that can be observed. 
D) hidden, private, internal thoughts. 
A) anything a person does. 
B) things a person does which cannot be seen by others. 
C) only those things that can be observed. 
D) hidden, private, internal thoughts.

Question 18

Which of the following is NOT one of the six elements of the scientific method?

Accepted Answer

A) observation 
B) common sense 
C) proposing a hypothesis 
D) theory formulation 
A) observation 
B) common sense 
C) proposing a hypothesis 
D) theory formulation

Question 19

Contributions of Freud include

Accepted Answer

A) the insistence that all thoughts, desires, and actions are determined. 
B) the development of the method of psychotherapy called psychoanalysis. 
C) emphasis on the importance of childhood experiences in personality development. 
D) all of these. 
A) the insistence that all thoughts, desires, and actions are determined. 
B) the development of the method of psychotherapy called psychoanalysis. 
C) emphasis on the importance of childhood experiences in personality development. 
D) all of these.

Question 20

To explain most behavior, John B. Watson adopted the concept of conditioning developed by

Accepted Answer

A)  Max Wertheimer. 
B)  Abraham Maslow. 
C)  Ivan Pavlov. 
D)  E. B. Titchener. 
A)  Max Wertheimer. 
B)  Abraham Maslow. 
C)  Ivan Pavlov. 
D)  E. B. Titchener.

Exam 1: Extension A: Introduction to Psychology and Research Methods

The word psychology comes from the roots psyche and logos, which mean respectively

A psychologist wishes to repeat an experiment in a rural school that was originally conducted in an urban school setting.In order to repeat the specific procedures used to gather the data, this psychologist should pay close attention to which section of the original research report?

According to the definition of psychology, which of the following would a psychologist be most likely to study?

An industrial psychologist uses psychometric tests and interviews to select the best candidate for a specialized task.The psychologist's work directly illustrates which goal of psychology?

Lindsay's friend answered a magazine ad that claimed that her personality could be analyzed by a computer using her birth sign.She tells Lindsay that her computer-generated profile was very accurate and that Lindsay should send in her money and her birthdate to the company.Lindsay should

A scientific explanation that remains tentative until it has been adequately tested is called a(n)

Which of the following is NOT one of the six elements of the scientific method?

Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding graphology?

Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow belong to which school of thought in psychology?

Frame of reference is

Which of the following statements regarding the use of common sense is TRUE?

According to your psychology textbook, which of the following statements is TRUE regarding women in psychology?

According to your textbook, which of the following is NOT one of the three broad perspectives that shape modern psychology?

A systematic process for answering scientific questions is called

Which of the following psychological approaches is matched correctly to its view of human nature?

Psychological research found which of the following common-sense beliefs to be FALSE?

Overt behavior includes

Which of the following is NOT one of the six elements of the scientific method?

Contributions of Freud include

To explain most behavior, John B. Watson adopted the concept of conditioning developed by

Introduction the Psychology

Extension B: Introduction to Psychology and Research Methods

Extension C: Introduction to Psychology and Research Methods

Extension A: Brain and Behavior

Extension B: Brain and Behavior

Extension C: Brain and Behavior

Extension A: Human Development

Extension B: Human Development

Extension C: Human Development

Extension D: Human Development

Extension A: Sensation and Reality

Extension B: Sensation and Reality

Extension A: Perceiving the World

Extension B: Perceiving the World

Extension A: States of Consciousness

Extension B: States of Consciousness

Extension C: States of Consciousness

Extension D: States of Consciousness

Extension A: Conditioning and Learning

Extension B: Conditioning and Learning

Extension C: Conditioning and Learning

Extension A: Memory

Extension B: Memory

Extension C: Memory

Extension A: Cognition, Language, Creativity, and Intelligence

Extension B: Cognition, Language, Creativity, and Intelligence

Extension C: Cognition, Language, Creativity, and Intelligence

Extension D: Cognition, Language, Creativity, and Intelligence

Extension A: Motivation and Emotion

Extension B: Motivation and Emotion

Extension C: Motivation and Emotion

Extension D: Motivation and Emotion

Extension A: Gender and Sexuality

Extension B: Gender and Sexuality

Extension C: Gender and Sexuality

Extension A: Personality

Extension B: Personality

Extension C: Personality

Extension D: Personality

Extension A: Health, Stress, and Coping

Extension B: Health, Stress, and Coping

Extension C: Health, Stress, and Coping

Extension A: Psychological Disorders

Extension B: Psychological Disorders

Extension C: Psychological Disorders

Extension D: Psychological Disorders

Extension A: Therapies

Extension B: Therapies

Extension C: Therapies

Extension D: Therapies

Extension A: Social Thinking and Social Influence

Extension B: Social Thinking and Social Influence

Extension C: Social Thinking and Social Influence

Extension A: Prosocial and Antisocial Behavior

Extension B: Prosocial and Antisocial Behavior

Extension C: Prosocial and Antisocial Behavior

Extension A: Applied Psychology

Extension B: Applied Psychology

Extension C: Applied Psychology