Question 1

A psychologist who is "eclectic" can best be described as

Accepted Answer

A) rejecting determinism in favor of free will. 
B) cognitive rather than behavioral. 
C) drawing from many psychological approaches. 
D) preferring pseudo-psychological approaches. 
A) rejecting determinism in favor of free will. 
B) cognitive rather than behavioral. 
C) drawing from many psychological approaches. 
D) preferring pseudo-psychological approaches.

Question 2

The approach in psychology that views behavior in terms of the mental processing of information is the _____ view.

Accepted Answer

A) cognitive 
B) humanistic 
C) behavioristic 
D) biopsychological 
A) cognitive 
B) humanistic 
C) behavioristic 
D) biopsychological

Question 3

The German anatomy teacher Franz Gall popularized the pseudo-psychology known as

Accepted Answer

A) palmistry. 
B) phrenology. 
C) graphology. 
D) astrology. 
A) palmistry. 
B) phrenology. 
C) graphology. 
D) astrology.

Question 4

When the researchers used an electronically activated recorder to track people's conversations and count the number of words spoken in a day by women and men, they were _____of whether women talk more than men.

Accepted Answer

A) gathering evidence to test the hypothesis 
B) building a theory 
C) validating the common-sense statement 
D) proposing a hypothesis 
A) gathering evidence to test the hypothesis 
B) building a theory 
C) validating the common-sense statement 
D) proposing a hypothesis

Question 5

Which of the following psychological approaches is matched correctly to its view of human nature?

Accepted Answer

A) psychodynamic----------------positive, philosophical view 
B) behavioristic-------------------neutral, scientific, somewhat mechanistic view 
C) humanistic---------------------somewhat negative, pessimistic view 
D) cognitive-----------------------positive, philosophical view 
A) psychodynamic----------------positive, philosophical view 
B) behavioristic-------------------neutral, scientific, somewhat mechanistic view 
C) humanistic---------------------somewhat negative, pessimistic view 
D) cognitive-----------------------positive, philosophical view

Question 6

Critical thinking encompasses all of the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A) empirical testing. 
B) evaluation of evidence. 
C) an open mind. 
D) common sense. 
A) empirical testing. 
B) evaluation of evidence. 
C) an open mind. 
D) common sense.

Question 7

_____ is a form of critical thinking based on a careful collection of evidence, accurate descriptions and measurements, precise definitions, controlled observations, and repeatable results.

Accepted Answer

A) Intuitive thinking 
B) Conventional wisdom 
C) The scientific method 
D) Common sense 
A) Intuitive thinking 
B) Conventional wisdom 
C) The scientific method 
D) Common sense

Question 8

The implications of the study and proposals for future research would be found in which section of a research report?

Accepted Answer

A) results 
B) introduction 
C) method 
D) discussion 
A) results 
B) introduction 
C) method 
D) discussion

Question 9

Three research assistants were assigned the task of counting the number of times a particular student exhibited inattentive behaviors during a 30-minute math class.The first research assistant counted five inattentive behaviors, the second recorded eight, and the third observed only two.Assuming the three research assistants are equally accurate in what they observed, the most likely explanation for this discrepancy in recordings would be that the inattentive behavior

Accepted Answer

A) was not the correct hypothesis. 
B) was not observed for a long enough period of time. 
C) was not operationally defined. 
D) would require at least five observers for an accurate count. 
A) was not the correct hypothesis. 
B) was not observed for a long enough period of time. 
C) was not operationally defined. 
D) would require at least five observers for an accurate count.

Question 10

An educated guess about what is controlling some behavior is called a(n)

Accepted Answer

A) experimental control. 
B) hypothesis. 
C) experimental variable. 
D) theory. 
A) experimental control. 
B) hypothesis. 
C) experimental variable. 
D) theory.

Question 11

Which school of thought would explain that you go to different music websites because you have the expectation that you will find music selections that you will enjoy on these sites?

Accepted Answer

A) humanistic psychology 
B) structuralism 
C) cognitive behaviorism 
D) psychoanalysis. 
A) humanistic psychology 
B) structuralism 
C) cognitive behaviorism 
D) psychoanalysis.

Question 12

An industrial-organizational psychologist conducts an experiment to determine whether having control over difficult tasks reduces stress for game designers and finds this explanation to be true.Drawing on the results of similar experiments, this psychologist creates a _____ to explain why having control over a task helps reduce stress.

Accepted Answer

A) hypothesis 
B) testable observation 
C) theory 
D) law 
A) hypothesis 
B) testable observation 
C) theory 
D) law

Question 13

Which of the following is a FALSE statement concerning Gestalt Psychology?

Accepted Answer

A) Gestalt Psychology's motto is "The whole is greater than the sum of its parts." 
B) Gestalt Psychology was founded by Max Wertheimer. 
C) Gestalt Psychology has greatly influenced studies of perception and personality. 
D) Gestalt Psychology explains behavior in terms of stimuli and responses. 
A) Gestalt Psychology's motto is "The whole is greater than the sum of its parts." 
B) Gestalt Psychology was founded by Max Wertheimer. 
C) Gestalt Psychology has greatly influenced studies of perception and personality. 
D) Gestalt Psychology explains behavior in terms of stimuli and responses.

Question 14

Critical thinking encompasses which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A) empirical testing 
B) a willingness to actively evaluate ideas 
C) an open mind 
D) all of these 
A) empirical testing 
B) a willingness to actively evaluate ideas 
C) an open mind 
D) all of these

Question 15

A tendency to believe flattering descriptions of oneself is called

Accepted Answer

A) the Barnum effect. 
B) the astrologer's dilemma. 
C) the fallacy of positive instances. 
D) uncritical acceptance. 
A) the Barnum effect. 
B) the astrologer's dilemma. 
C) the fallacy of positive instances. 
D) uncritical acceptance.

Question 16

The fortune teller who studies your palm carefully before announcing that great fortune is in your immediate future is practicing _____ psychology.

Accepted Answer

A) applied 
B) commonsense 
C) pseudo- 
D) forensic 
A) applied 
B) commonsense 
C) pseudo- 
D) forensic

Question 17

Alfred Adler, Karen Horney, Carl Jung, Otto Rank, and Erik Erikson would be considered

Accepted Answer

A) Gestalt psychologists. 
B) Neo-Freudians. 
C) Cognitive behaviorists. 
D) Functionalists. 
A) Gestalt psychologists. 
B) Neo-Freudians. 
C) Cognitive behaviorists. 
D) Functionalists.

Question 18

When a scientist wants to find out if there is empirical evidence, they utilize data, which is defined as _____ facts.

Accepted Answer

A) common-sense 
B) deduced 
C) observed 
D) inferred 
A) common-sense 
B) deduced 
C) observed 
D) inferred

Question 19

_____ is the proper use of rewards, punishments, and conditioning to change problems, such as overeating, unrealistic fears, and temper tantrums.

Accepted Answer

A) Psychoanalysis 
B) Gestalt psychology 
C) Self-actualization 
D) Behavior therapy 
A) Psychoanalysis 
B) Gestalt psychology 
C) Self-actualization 
D) Behavior therapy

Question 20

Which of the following is part of the scientific method?

Accepted Answer

A) defining a problem 
B) anecdotal analysis 
C) analysis building 
D) survey definition 
A) defining a problem 
B) anecdotal analysis 
C) analysis building 
D) survey definition

Exam 1: Extension A: Introduction to Psychology and Research Methods

A psychologist who is "eclectic" can best be described as

The approach in psychology that views behavior in terms of the mental processing of information is the _____ view.

The German anatomy teacher Franz Gall popularized the pseudo-psychology known as

When the researchers used an electronically activated recorder to track people's conversations and count the number of words spoken in a day by women and men, they were _____of whether women talk more than men.

Which of the following psychological approaches is matched correctly to its view of human nature?

Critical thinking encompasses all of the following EXCEPT

_____ is a form of critical thinking based on a careful collection of evidence, accurate descriptions and measurements, precise definitions, controlled observations, and repeatable results.

The implications of the study and proposals for future research would be found in which section of a research report?

An educated guess about what is controlling some behavior is called a(n)

Which school of thought would explain that you go to different music websites because you have the expectation that you will find music selections that you will enjoy on these sites?

Which of the following is a FALSE statement concerning Gestalt Psychology?

Critical thinking encompasses which of the following?

A tendency to believe flattering descriptions of oneself is called

The fortune teller who studies your palm carefully before announcing that great fortune is in your immediate future is practicing _____ psychology.

Alfred Adler, Karen Horney, Carl Jung, Otto Rank, and Erik Erikson would be considered

When a scientist wants to find out if there is empirical evidence, they utilize data, which is defined as _____ facts.

_____ is the proper use of rewards, punishments, and conditioning to change problems, such as overeating, unrealistic fears, and temper tantrums.

Which of the following is part of the scientific method?

Introduction the Psychology

Extension B: Introduction to Psychology and Research Methods

Extension C: Introduction to Psychology and Research Methods

Extension A: Brain and Behavior

Extension B: Brain and Behavior

Extension C: Brain and Behavior

Extension A: Human Development

Extension B: Human Development

Extension C: Human Development

Extension D: Human Development

Extension A: Sensation and Reality

Extension B: Sensation and Reality

Extension A: Perceiving the World

Extension B: Perceiving the World

Extension A: States of Consciousness

Extension B: States of Consciousness

Extension C: States of Consciousness

Extension D: States of Consciousness

Extension A: Conditioning and Learning

Extension B: Conditioning and Learning

Extension C: Conditioning and Learning

Extension A: Memory

Extension B: Memory

Extension C: Memory

Extension A: Cognition, Language, Creativity, and Intelligence

Extension B: Cognition, Language, Creativity, and Intelligence

Extension C: Cognition, Language, Creativity, and Intelligence

Extension D: Cognition, Language, Creativity, and Intelligence

Extension A: Motivation and Emotion

Extension B: Motivation and Emotion

Extension C: Motivation and Emotion

Extension D: Motivation and Emotion

Extension A: Gender and Sexuality

Extension B: Gender and Sexuality

Extension C: Gender and Sexuality

Extension A: Personality

Extension B: Personality

Extension C: Personality

Extension D: Personality

Extension A: Health, Stress, and Coping

Extension B: Health, Stress, and Coping

Extension C: Health, Stress, and Coping

Extension A: Psychological Disorders

Extension B: Psychological Disorders

Extension C: Psychological Disorders

Extension D: Psychological Disorders

Extension A: Therapies

Extension B: Therapies

Extension C: Therapies

Extension D: Therapies

Extension A: Social Thinking and Social Influence

Extension B: Social Thinking and Social Influence

Extension C: Social Thinking and Social Influence

Extension A: Prosocial and Antisocial Behavior

Extension B: Prosocial and Antisocial Behavior

Extension C: Prosocial and Antisocial Behavior

Extension A: Applied Psychology

Extension B: Applied Psychology

Extension C: Applied Psychology

Appendix A: Behavioral Statistics

Appendix B: Behavioral Statistics