Question 1

One difference between the guilty-knowledge test and the standard lie-detector test is that the guilty-knowledge test

Accepted Answer

A)  measures different physiological variables. 
B)  is given in a written format instead of orally. 
C)  requires the investigators to know facts that have not been publicized. 
D)  can be given to a large group of suspects at the same time. 
A)  measures different physiological variables. 
B)  is given in a written format instead of orally. 
C)  requires the investigators to know facts that have not been publicized. 
D)  can be given to a large group of suspects at the same time. C

Question 2

People with pure autonomic failure have

Accepted Answer

A)  little physical response to any event and weak emotions. 
B)  little physical response to any event and strong emotions. 
C)  stronger than normal physical responses to any event and weak emotions. 
D)  stronger than normal physical responses to any event and strong emotions. 
A)  little physical response to any event and weak emotions. 
B)  little physical response to any event and strong emotions. 
C)  stronger than normal physical responses to any event and weak emotions. 
D)  stronger than normal physical responses to any event and strong emotions. A

Question 3

Based on research in which people of various cultures are shown pictures of facial expressions and asked to identify the emotions represented, we can conclude

Accepted Answer

A)  there are 6 basic emotions in humans. 
B)  emotional expressions are learned through trial and error. 
C)  people throughout the world use similar facial expressions. 
D)  most people around the world are unable to identify the emotion being expressed in a facial expression. 
A)  there are 6 basic emotions in humans. 
B)  emotional expressions are learned through trial and error. 
C)  people throughout the world use similar facial expressions. 
D)  most people around the world are unable to identify the emotion being expressed in a facial expression. C

Question 4

Listening to music during a painful experience

Accepted Answer

A)  increases pain sensations, but decreases people's complaints about it. 
B)  leads people to say they feel less pain, although they act as if they are experiencing an increase in pain. 
C)  sometimes reduces the intensity of the perceived pain. 
D)  makes pain feel more intense than usual, and increases their complaints of pain. 
A)  increases pain sensations, but decreases people's complaints about it. 
B)  leads people to say they feel less pain, although they act as if they are experiencing an increase in pain. 
C)  sometimes reduces the intensity of the perceived pain. 
D)  makes pain feel more intense than usual, and increases their complaints of pain.

Question 5

One theory holds that physiological arousal determines the intensity of an emotion and your interpretation of the situation determines which emotion you feel. Which theory is this?

Accepted Answer

A)  opponent-process theory 
B)  James-Lange theory 
C)  Josephson's Arousal theory 
D)  Schachter and Singer theory 
A)  opponent-process theory 
B)  James-Lange theory 
C)  Josephson's Arousal theory 
D)  Schachter and Singer theory

Question 6

In experiments on recognizing the emotional meaning of facial expressions, people are more likely to identify the expression of sadness and fear if the person in the photograph

Accepted Answer

A)  is looking down or to the side. 
B)  is looking straight ahead. 
C)  has his or her eyes closed. 
D)  is looking straight up. 
A)  is looking down or to the side. 
B)  is looking straight ahead. 
C)  has his or her eyes closed. 
D)  is looking straight up.

Question 7

Based on Schachter's view of emotion, we can predict that drugs or injuries that prevent strong autonomic arousal will

Accepted Answer

A)  increase happy emotions but decrease unhappy emotions. 
B)  strengthen emotional experiences. 
C)  have no effect on emotional experiences. 
D)  weaken emotional experiences. 
A)  increase happy emotions but decrease unhappy emotions. 
B)  strengthen emotional experiences. 
C)  have no effect on emotional experiences. 
D)  weaken emotional experiences.

Question 8

The results of the experiment by Schachter and Singer suggest that

Accepted Answer

A)  anxiety produces more intense autonomic changes than other emotions do. 
B)  each emotional state is associated with its own distinctive set of autonomic changes. 
C)  emotion is an interpretation of a physiological condition based on information about the situation. 
D)  emotional changes lead to changes in autonomic activity. 
A)  anxiety produces more intense autonomic changes than other emotions do. 
B)  each emotional state is associated with its own distinctive set of autonomic changes. 
C)  emotion is an interpretation of a physiological condition based on information about the situation. 
D)  emotional changes lead to changes in autonomic activity.

Question 9

Activity of the parasympathetic nervous system leads to an increase in

Accepted Answer

A)  sweating. 
B)  breathing rate. 
C)  heart rate. 
D)  digestion. 
A)  sweating. 
B)  breathing rate. 
C)  heart rate. 
D)  digestion.

Question 10

Experimenters wanted to know the effects of smiling or frowning on the experience of emotion. To avoid problems with demand characteristics, the researchers had the participants in the experiment rate the funniness of cartoons while

Accepted Answer

A)  viewing themselves in a distorted mirror. 
B)  holding a pen in their mouths, as a disabled person might. 
C)  their faces were numbed with a local anesthetic. 
D)  listening to a masking noise through a set of headphones. 
A)  viewing themselves in a distorted mirror. 
B)  holding a pen in their mouths, as a disabled person might. 
C)  their faces were numbed with a local anesthetic. 
D)  listening to a masking noise through a set of headphones.

Question 11

If a psychologist is asked to predict whether a given individual is likely to commit acts of violence in the future, what information will be most useful in making that judgment?

Accepted Answer

A)  biographical information about the person and the person's family 
B)  a polygraph test 
C)  scores on a series of standard tests of intelligence and personality 
D)  impressions gained from a series of interviews with the person 
A)  biographical information about the person and the person's family 
B)  a polygraph test 
C)  scores on a series of standard tests of intelligence and personality 
D)  impressions gained from a series of interviews with the person

Question 12

Cortisol activates part of your __________, preparing it to fight anything from infections to tumors.

Accepted Answer

A)  limbic system. 
B)  hypothalamic system. 
C)  immune system. 
D)  adrenal system. 
A)  limbic system. 
B)  hypothalamic system. 
C)  immune system. 
D)  adrenal system.

Question 13

According to common sense, emotions cause body movements and autonomic changes. Which of the following disagrees with common sense on this point?

Accepted Answer

A)  opponent-process theory 
B)  James-Lange theory 
C)  frustration-aggression hypothesis 
D)  activation-synthesis hypothesis 
A)  opponent-process theory 
B)  James-Lange theory 
C)  frustration-aggression hypothesis 
D)  activation-synthesis hypothesis

Question 14

According to Hans Selye, stress is

Accepted Answer

A)  a specific response to a specific demand on the body. 
B)  a cognitive, not physical, response to a threatening situation. 
C)  any reaction to the environment that increases activity in the parasympathetic nervous system. 
D)  a nonspecific response of the body to any demand made upon it. 
A)  a specific response to a specific demand on the body. 
B)  a cognitive, not physical, response to a threatening situation. 
C)  any reaction to the environment that increases activity in the parasympathetic nervous system. 
D)  a nonspecific response of the body to any demand made upon it.

Question 15

What emotion word literally means "bad taste"?

Accepted Answer

A)  disgust 
B)  contempt 
C)  offensive 
D)  frustration 
A)  disgust 
B)  contempt 
C)  offensive 
D)  frustration

Question 16

An operational definition of anxiety that has been helpful in measuring differences among people and changes as a result of situations is

Accepted Answer

A)  facilitation (increase) of the startle reflex. 
B)  impairment (decrease) of the papillary reflex. 
C)  facilitation of the Babinski reflex. 
D)  impairment of the knee-jerk reflex. 
A)  facilitation (increase) of the startle reflex. 
B)  impairment (decrease) of the papillary reflex. 
C)  facilitation of the Babinski reflex. 
D)  impairment of the knee-jerk reflex.

Question 17

On the average, people with great wealth rate themselves as only slightly happier than people with much less wealth. One reason why these results are difficult to interpret is that

Accepted Answer

A)  wealth is correlated with advanced age, and age is positively correlated with happiness. 
B)  so far, all the surveys have sampled only small numbers of people. 
C)  the rating scales may mean different things to different people. 
D)  longitudinal studies show that gaining wealth has little effect on happiness at first, but a bigger effect later on. 
A)  wealth is correlated with advanced age, and age is positively correlated with happiness. 
B)  so far, all the surveys have sampled only small numbers of people. 
C)  the rating scales may mean different things to different people. 
D)  longitudinal studies show that gaining wealth has little effect on happiness at first, but a bigger effect later on.

Question 18

Schachter and Singer's theory of emotions agrees with the James-Lange theory in assuming that

Accepted Answer

A)  autonomic arousal has nothing to do with emotional behavior or experience. 
B)  each type of emotion is associated with a different, specific type of autonomic activity. 
C)  all types of emotion are associated with the same type of autonomic activity. 
D)  anything that prevents autonomic arousal will decrease the intensity of all emotions. 
A)  autonomic arousal has nothing to do with emotional behavior or experience. 
B)  each type of emotion is associated with a different, specific type of autonomic activity. 
C)  all types of emotion are associated with the same type of autonomic activity. 
D)  anything that prevents autonomic arousal will decrease the intensity of all emotions.

Question 19

All of the following brain structures are active in regulating the startle response EXCEPT the

Accepted Answer

A)  medulla. 
B)  pons. 
C)  primary motor cortex. 
D)  amygdala. 
A)  medulla. 
B)  pons. 
C)  primary motor cortex. 
D)  amygdala.

Question 20

Which of the following views on stress would Lazarus most strongly endorse?

Accepted Answer

A)  Stress does not exist. 
B)  Stress depends on our interpretation of an event. 
C)  Stress is primarily determined by the amount of real danger the person is in. 
D)  Stress is a purely physiological response. 
A)  Stress does not exist. 
B)  Stress depends on our interpretation of an event. 
C)  Stress is primarily determined by the amount of real danger the person is in. 
D)  Stress is a purely physiological response.

Exam 12: Emotional Behaviors, Stress, and Health

One difference between the guilty-knowledge test and the standard lie-detector test is that the guilty-knowledge test

People with pure autonomic failure have

Based on research in which people of various cultures are shown pictures of facial expressions and asked to identify the emotions represented, we can conclude

Listening to music during a painful experience

One theory holds that physiological arousal determines the intensity of an emotion and your interpretation of the situation determines which emotion you feel. Which theory is this?

In experiments on recognizing the emotional meaning of facial expressions, people are more likely to identify the expression of sadness and fear if the person in the photograph

Based on Schachter's view of emotion, we can predict that drugs or injuries that prevent strong autonomic arousal will

The results of the experiment by Schachter and Singer suggest that

Activity of the parasympathetic nervous system leads to an increase in

Experimenters wanted to know the effects of smiling or frowning on the experience of emotion. To avoid problems with demand characteristics, the researchers had the participants in the experiment rate the funniness of cartoons while

If a psychologist is asked to predict whether a given individual is likely to commit acts of violence in the future, what information will be most useful in making that judgment?

Cortisol activates part of your __________, preparing it to fight anything from infections to tumors.

According to common sense, emotions cause body movements and autonomic changes. Which of the following disagrees with common sense on this point?

According to Hans Selye, stress is

What emotion word literally means "bad taste"?

An operational definition of anxiety that has been helpful in measuring differences among people and changes as a result of situations is

On the average, people with great wealth rate themselves as only slightly happier than people with much less wealth. One reason why these results are difficult to interpret is that

Schachter and Singer's theory of emotions agrees with the James-Lange theory in assuming that

All of the following brain structures are active in regulating the startle response EXCEPT the

Which of the following views on stress would Lazarus most strongly endorse?

What Is Psychology

A --What Is Psychology

Scientific Methods in Psychology

A--Scientific Methods in Psychology

Biological Psychology

A--Biological Psychology

Sensation and Perception

A--Sensation and Perception

Nature, Nurture, and Human Development

A--Nature, Nurture, and Human Development

Learning

A--Learning

Memory

A--Memory

Cognition and Language

A--Cognition and Language

Intelligence

A--Intelligence

Consciousness

A--Consciousness

Motivated Behaviors

A--Motivated Behaviors

A--Emotional Behaviors, Stress, and Health

Social Psychology

A--Social Psychology

Personality

A--Personality

Abnormality, Therapy, and Social Issues

A--Abnormality, Therapy, and Social Issues

Specific Disorders and Treatments

A--Specific Disorders and Treatments

Exam Extenssion: S 1-16--Final Examination

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