Question 1

The drugs that are generally prescribed to help relieve disorders such as depression operate mainly by altering

Accepted Answer

A)  the velocity of action potentials. 
B)  activity at synapses. 
C)  basal metabolism. 
D)  blood pressure in the brain. 
A)  the velocity of action potentials. 
B)  activity at synapses. 
C)  basal metabolism. 
D)  blood pressure in the brain. B

Question 2

Many optical illusions can be explained in terms of an observer's

Accepted Answer

A)  ability to move the eyes more easily one direction than another. 
B)  tendency to answer quickly without carefully examining the objects. 
C)  over- or under-estimating the distance to some objects. 
D)  difference in shape between the left and right eyes. 
A)  ability to move the eyes more easily one direction than another. 
B)  tendency to answer quickly without carefully examining the objects. 
C)  over- or under-estimating the distance to some objects. 
D)  difference in shape between the left and right eyes. C

Question 3

The term "unshared environment" is important when we are trying to determine

Accepted Answer

A)  how much of our thinking is influenced by unconscious processes. 
B)  the relative contributions of genetics and environment to individual differences in personality. 
C)  the organic cause for mental retardation and criminal propensity. 
D)  intellectual capabilities of those in mental institutions. 
A)  how much of our thinking is influenced by unconscious processes. 
B)  the relative contributions of genetics and environment to individual differences in personality. 
C)  the organic cause for mental retardation and criminal propensity. 
D)  intellectual capabilities of those in mental institutions. B

Question 4

Psychological research supports which of the following claims?

Accepted Answer

A)  Subliminal messages can influence what products people buy. 
B)  Newborn infants can recognize the sound of their own mother's voice. 
C)  Most of us use only 10% of our brain. 
D)  A psychologist can accurately diagnose someone's psychological disorder from responses to the Rorschach Inkblots. 
A)  Subliminal messages can influence what products people buy. 
B)  Newborn infants can recognize the sound of their own mother's voice. 
C)  Most of us use only 10% of our brain. 
D)  A psychologist can accurately diagnose someone's psychological disorder from responses to the Rorschach Inkblots.

Question 5

REM refers to

Accepted Answer

A)  a form of psychotherapy. 
B)  an interconnected set of structures in the brain. 
C)  a particular type of personality test. 
D)  a stage of sleep. 
A)  a form of psychotherapy. 
B)  an interconnected set of structures in the brain. 
C)  a particular type of personality test. 
D)  a stage of sleep.

Question 6

To say that a test is reliable is to say that its results are

Accepted Answer

A)  replicable. 
B)  parsimonious. 
C)  falsifiable. 
D)  valid. 
A)  replicable. 
B)  parsimonious. 
C)  falsifiable. 
D)  valid.

Question 7

A researcher compares 80 people who join Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) with 80 people who decide not to join. On the average, those in the AA group and those in the non-AA group have equal alcohol problems at the start. One year later, on the average, those in the AA group are healthier and are drinking less than those in the non-AA group. What is wrong with this study that prevents us from evaluating the effectiveness of the AA procedure?

Accepted Answer

A)  lack of an independent variable 
B)  lack of a dependent variable 
C)  lack of random assignment to groups 
D)  lack of demand characteristics 
A)  lack of an independent variable 
B)  lack of a dependent variable 
C)  lack of random assignment to groups 
D)  lack of demand characteristics

Question 8

The two approaches to psychology that put the least emphasis on use of experiments are

Accepted Answer

A)  psychoanalysis and humanistic psychology. 
B)  behaviorism and cognitive psychology. 
C)  developmental psychology and behaviorism. 
D)  cognitive psychology and physiological psychology. 
A)  psychoanalysis and humanistic psychology. 
B)  behaviorism and cognitive psychology. 
C)  developmental psychology and behaviorism. 
D)  cognitive psychology and physiological psychology.

Question 9

Which of the following questions below is NOT a question of nature vs. nurture?

Accepted Answer

A)  Are boys more aggressive than girls because of higher testosterone levels, or because of the way they are raised? 
B)  Is alcoholism entirely due to social customs, or is it influenced by certain genes? 
C)  Do high-IQ parents have high-IQ children because of the stimulating environment they provide, or because of the genes they pass on to their children? 
D)  Do phobias develop through classical conditioning, or through observing models react to the feared stimulus? 
A)  Are boys more aggressive than girls because of higher testosterone levels, or because of the way they are raised? 
B)  Is alcoholism entirely due to social customs, or is it influenced by certain genes? 
C)  Do high-IQ parents have high-IQ children because of the stimulating environment they provide, or because of the genes they pass on to their children? 
D)  Do phobias develop through classical conditioning, or through observing models react to the feared stimulus?

Question 10

A behavioral disorder that is related to a decrease in the neurotransmitter dopamine is

Accepted Answer

A)  fugue. 
B)  anorexia. 
C)  hypochondriasis. 
D)  Parkinson's disease. 
A)  fugue. 
B)  anorexia. 
C)  hypochondriasis. 
D)  Parkinson's disease.

Question 11

A surgical procedure in which the corpus callosum (the set of axons connecting the two hemispheres) is cut is occasionally used in the treatment of

Accepted Answer

A)  sleep apnea. 
B)  bulimia. 
C)  epilepsy. 
D)  schizophrenia. 
A)  sleep apnea. 
B)  bulimia. 
C)  epilepsy. 
D)  schizophrenia.

Question 12

Tardive dyskinesia is a side effect of some drugs used to treat

Accepted Answer

A)  schizophrenia. 
B)  sleep disorders. 
C)  PKU. 
D)  obsessive-compulsive disorder. 
A)  schizophrenia. 
B)  sleep disorders. 
C)  PKU. 
D)  obsessive-compulsive disorder.

Question 13

"The magical number seven, plus or minus two" refers to the number of

Accepted Answer

A)  dreams we have each night. 
B)  basic traits that exist. 
C)  times people must be hypnotized before they are able to completely block out pain. 
D)  items we can hold in short-term memory. 
A)  dreams we have each night. 
B)  basic traits that exist. 
C)  times people must be hypnotized before they are able to completely block out pain. 
D)  items we can hold in short-term memory.

Question 14

Mnemonic devices use visual imagery to facilitate

Accepted Answer

A)  concept formation. 
B)  memory. 
C)  relaxation. 
D)  motor skills. 
A)  concept formation. 
B)  memory. 
C)  relaxation. 
D)  motor skills.

Question 15

Which of the following tests is intentionally structured to have a mean score of 100?

Accepted Answer

A)  Stanford-Binet 
B)  MMPI 
C)  Thematic Apperception Test 
D)  Rorschach Test 
A)  Stanford-Binet 
B)  MMPI 
C)  Thematic Apperception Test 
D)  Rorschach Test

Question 16

People who solve puzzles just for fun often reduce the amount of free-time they spend doing the puzzles if they are paid for puzzle-solving. This is known as the

Accepted Answer

A)  Premack principle. 
B)  overjustification effect. 
C)  availability heuristic. 
D)  opponent-process theory. 
A)  Premack principle. 
B)  overjustification effect. 
C)  availability heuristic. 
D)  opponent-process theory.

Question 17

Pheromones play an important role in which type of animal behavior?

Accepted Answer

A)  sexual behavior 
B)  conditioned taste aversion 
C)  critical thinking 
D)  sleep cycles 
A)  sexual behavior 
B)  conditioned taste aversion 
C)  critical thinking 
D)  sleep cycles

Question 18

Classical conditioning often plays a role in the development of

Accepted Answer

A)  size constancy. 
B)  dark adaptation. 
C)  Alzheimer's disease. 
D)  phobias. 
A)  size constancy. 
B)  dark adaptation. 
C)  Alzheimer's disease. 
D)  phobias.

Question 19

You have been asked to predict which of several people--some mental patients and some not--are most likely to commit future acts of violence. To make your predictions as accurate as possible, which is the most important type of information for you to know?

Accepted Answer

A)  Which of these people have committed violent acts in the past? 
B)  Which are the mental patients and which are not? 
C)  What answers did each person give on the Rorschach Inkblot Test? 
D)  What is each person's personality profile based on the MMPI? 
A)  Which of these people have committed violent acts in the past? 
B)  Which are the mental patients and which are not? 
C)  What answers did each person give on the Rorschach Inkblot Test? 
D)  What is each person's personality profile based on the MMPI?

Question 20

Which of the following statements offers the best advice for motivating productive behavior?

Accepted Answer

A)  Set your goals so high they can never be reached ; that way you will never stop trying. 
B)  "I will do my best" is the most effective goal in almost all situations. 
C)  Set your goals to be high but realistic, and then commit to your goals publicly. 
D)  Avoid setting goals to avoid the possibility of negative feedback. 
A)  Set your goals so high they can never be reached ; that way you will never stop trying. 
B)  "I will do my best" is the most effective goal in almost all situations. 
C)  Set your goals to be high but realistic, and then commit to your goals publicly. 
D)  Avoid setting goals to avoid the possibility of negative feedback.

Exam Extenssion: S 1-16--Final Examination

The drugs that are generally prescribed to help relieve disorders such as depression operate mainly by altering

Many optical illusions can be explained in terms of an observer's

The term "unshared environment" is important when we are trying to determine

Psychological research supports which of the following claims?

REM refers to

To say that a test is reliable is to say that its results are

The two approaches to psychology that put the least emphasis on use of experiments are

Which of the following questions below is NOT a question of nature vs. nurture?

A behavioral disorder that is related to a decrease in the neurotransmitter dopamine is

A surgical procedure in which the corpus callosum (the set of axons connecting the two hemispheres) is cut is occasionally used in the treatment of

Tardive dyskinesia is a side effect of some drugs used to treat

"The magical number seven, plus or minus two" refers to the number of

Mnemonic devices use visual imagery to facilitate

Which of the following tests is intentionally structured to have a mean score of 100?

People who solve puzzles just for fun often reduce the amount of free-time they spend doing the puzzles if they are paid for puzzle-solving. This is known as the

Pheromones play an important role in which type of animal behavior?

Classical conditioning often plays a role in the development of

You have been asked to predict which of several people--some mental patients and some not--are most likely to commit future acts of violence. To make your predictions as accurate as possible, which is the most important type of information for you to know?

Which of the following statements offers the best advice for motivating productive behavior?

What Is Psychology

A --What Is Psychology

Scientific Methods in Psychology

A--Scientific Methods in Psychology

Biological Psychology

A--Biological Psychology

Sensation and Perception

A--Sensation and Perception

Nature, Nurture, and Human Development

A--Nature, Nurture, and Human Development

Learning

A--Learning

Memory

A--Memory

Cognition and Language

A--Cognition and Language

Intelligence

A--Intelligence

Consciousness

A--Consciousness

Motivated Behaviors

A--Motivated Behaviors

Emotional Behaviors, Stress, and Health

A--Emotional Behaviors, Stress, and Health

Social Psychology

A--Social Psychology

Personality

A--Personality

Abnormality, Therapy, and Social Issues

A--Abnormality, Therapy, and Social Issues

Specific Disorders and Treatments

A--Specific Disorders and Treatments

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