Question 1

Contact dermatitis can be characterized by:

Accepted Answer

A)  formation of antigen-antibody complexes. 
B)  immediate sensitization of Th1 cells. 
C)  Langerhans cells acting as antigen-presenting cells. 
D)  decreased cytokine production. 
A)  formation of antigen-antibody complexes. 
B)  immediate sensitization of Th1 cells. 
C)  Langerhans cells acting as antigen-presenting cells. 
D)  decreased cytokine production. C

Question 2

Anaphylaxis is characterized by which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  Degranulation of mast cells 
B)  Production of IgG 
C)  T-cell mediators 
D)  All of the above 
A)  Degranulation of mast cells 
B)  Production of IgG 
C)  T-cell mediators 
D)  All of the above A

Question 3

Reaction to poison ivy is which type of hypersensitivity?

Accepted Answer

A)  I 
B)  II 
C)  III 
D)  IV 
A)  I 
B)  II 
C)  III 
D)  IV D

Question 4

To determine if a patient is allergic to peanuts,the best test to perform is:

Accepted Answer

A)  allergen-specific IgE. 
B)  total serum IgE. 
C)  serum protein electrophoresis. 
D)  RID to measure IgG. 
A)  allergen-specific IgE. 
B)  total serum IgE. 
C)  serum protein electrophoresis. 
D)  RID to measure IgG.

Question 5

Compared with percutaneous (prick)tests,intradermal skin tests:

Accepted Answer

A)  are more sensitive. 
B)  require less antigen. 
C)  carry less risk. 
D)  are better for diagnosing food allergies. 
A)  are more sensitive. 
B)  require less antigen. 
C)  carry less risk. 
D)  are better for diagnosing food allergies.

Question 6

Reactions to antigens in natural rubber (latex)can trigger:

Accepted Answer

A)  type I and type II hypersensitivity. 
B)  type II and type III hypersensitivity. 
C)  type III and type IV hypersensitivity. 
D)  type I and type IV hypersensitivity. 
A)  type I and type II hypersensitivity. 
B)  type II and type III hypersensitivity. 
C)  type III and type IV hypersensitivity. 
D)  type I and type IV hypersensitivity.

Question 7

What immune phenomenon is responsible for the muscle weakness associated with myasthenia gravis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Binding of antibody to a receptor on muscle cells 
B)  Muscle cell destruction by cytotoxic T cells 
C)  Deposition of immune complexes in the muscles 
D)  Release of histamine from mast cells in the muscles 
A)  Binding of antibody to a receptor on muscle cells 
B)  Muscle cell destruction by cytotoxic T cells 
C)  Deposition of immune complexes in the muscles 
D)  Release of histamine from mast cells in the muscles

Question 8

A hypersensitivity reaction characterized by the presence of IgG that reacts with soluble antigen best describes:

Accepted Answer

A)  type III hypersensitivity. 
B)  contact dermatitis. 
C)  type II hypersensitivity. 
D)  asthma. 
A)  type III hypersensitivity. 
B)  contact dermatitis. 
C)  type II hypersensitivity. 
D)  asthma.

Question 9

Which of the following occurs in hemolytic disease of the newborn?

Accepted Answer

A)  IgE builds up on the mother's cells. 
B)  The Rh- mother is exposed to Rh+ baby cells. 
C)  The Rh+ mother is exposed to Rh- baby cells. 
D)  The baby must be Rh-. 
A)  IgE builds up on the mother's cells. 
B)  The Rh- mother is exposed to Rh+ baby cells. 
C)  The Rh+ mother is exposed to Rh- baby cells. 
D)  The baby must be Rh-.

Question 10

Type I hypersensitivity can be treated by injecting a specific recombinant humanized IgG called omalizumab.This antibody:

Accepted Answer

A)  binds allergens, preventing them from binding patient IgE. 
B)  occupies Fc receptors on mast cells, preventing binding by patient IgE. 
C)  binds to a heavy-chain domain on patient IgE, preventing the IgE from binding to mast cells. 
D)  inhibits Th2 cells that would otherwise promote excess IgE production. 
A)  binds allergens, preventing them from binding patient IgE. 
B)  occupies Fc receptors on mast cells, preventing binding by patient IgE. 
C)  binds to a heavy-chain domain on patient IgE, preventing the IgE from binding to mast cells. 
D)  inhibits Th2 cells that would otherwise promote excess IgE production.

Question 11

A 10-year-old girl has been experiencing symptoms of nasal congestion,watery eyes,and sneezing for the past 2 years.Percutaneous testing revealed that she was allergic to a number of antigens,including ragweed,grasses,dust mites,and cat dander.Treatment with over-the-counter drugs did not do much to alleviate her symptoms,which seemed to worsen with time.Her doctor prescribed allergy immunotherapy,and her symptoms began to improve over the next year.This therapy is thought to work through the administration of:

Accepted Answer

A)  anti-IgE monoclonal antibody, which binds to circulating IgE in the bloodstream. 
B)  anti-IgE monoclonal antibody to prevent further synthesis of IgE by the patient. 
C)  gradually increasing doses of the allergen over time to induce production of blocking IgG4 antibodies. 
D)  gradually increasing doses of the allergen over time to shift the immune response toward allergen-specific IgM antibodies. 
A)  anti-IgE monoclonal antibody, which binds to circulating IgE in the bloodstream. 
B)  anti-IgE monoclonal antibody to prevent further synthesis of IgE by the patient. 
C)  gradually increasing doses of the allergen over time to induce production of blocking IgG4 antibodies. 
D)  gradually increasing doses of the allergen over time to shift the immune response toward allergen-specific IgM antibodies.

Question 12

Which newly synthesized mediator has a mode of action similar to that of histamine?

Accepted Answer

A)  LTB4 
B)  Heparin 
C)  ECF-A 
D)  PGD? 
A)  LTB4 
B)  Heparin 
C)  ECF-A 
D)  PGD?

Question 13

An example of a condition that involves type III hypersensitivity is:

Accepted Answer

A)  myasthenia gravis. 
B)  allergic rhinitis. 
C)  contact sensitivity. 
D)  rheumatoid arthritis. 
A)  myasthenia gravis. 
B)  allergic rhinitis. 
C)  contact sensitivity. 
D)  rheumatoid arthritis.

Question 14

Hypersensitivities to poison ivy and nickel are:

Accepted Answer

A)  mediated by IgG and IgM antibodies. 
B)  immunodeficiency diseases. 
C)  IgE responses to a hapten. 
D)  macrophage and T-cell responses to a hapten. 
A)  mediated by IgG and IgM antibodies. 
B)  immunodeficiency diseases. 
C)  IgE responses to a hapten. 
D)  macrophage and T-cell responses to a hapten.

Question 15

T cell-dependent hypersensitivity occurs:

Accepted Answer

A)  24 to 72 hours after exposure to the antigen. 
B)  immediately after exposure to the antigen. 
C)  5 to 7 days after contact with antigen. 
D)  1 to 4 hours after contact with antigen. 
A)  24 to 72 hours after exposure to the antigen. 
B)  immediately after exposure to the antigen. 
C)  5 to 7 days after contact with antigen. 
D)  1 to 4 hours after contact with antigen.

Question 16

A direct antiglobulin test is ordered on a patient sample.This test detects:

Accepted Answer

A)  in vivo attachment of antibodies to red blood cells. 
B)  allergic reaction. 
C)  passive agglutination. 
D)  naturally occurring antibodies. 
A)  in vivo attachment of antibodies to red blood cells. 
B)  allergic reaction. 
C)  passive agglutination. 
D)  naturally occurring antibodies.

Question 17

A positive direct antiglobulin test might indicate:

Accepted Answer

A)  autoimmune hemolytic anemia. 
B)  an allergic reaction. 
C)  a mismatch of a transplant. 
D)  rheumatoid arthritis. 
A)  autoimmune hemolytic anemia. 
B)  an allergic reaction. 
C)  a mismatch of a transplant. 
D)  rheumatoid arthritis.

Question 18

Preformed mediators that are released during the activation phase of a type I hypersensitivity response include which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  Histamine 
B)  Cyclooxygenase 
C)  Leukotriene 
D)  Prostaglandin 
A)  Histamine 
B)  Cyclooxygenase 
C)  Leukotriene 
D)  Prostaglandin

Question 19

By gradually increasing doses of an allergen over time,allergy immunotherapy is thought to:

Accepted Answer

A)  inhibit Th1 response. 
B)  induce Th2 cell development. 
C)  induce Treg cell development. 
D)  block allergen-specific IgG. 
A)  inhibit Th1 response. 
B)  induce Th2 cell development. 
C)  induce Treg cell development. 
D)  block allergen-specific IgG.

Question 20

The purified protein derivative reaction to determine exposure to tuberculosis is based on which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  Formation of antigen-antibody complexes 
B)  An immediate hypersensitivity reaction 
C)  A sensitized T-cell response 
D)  A type II hypersensitivity reaction 
A)  Formation of antigen-antibody complexes 
B)  An immediate hypersensitivity reaction 
C)  A sensitized T-cell response 
D)  A type II hypersensitivity reaction

Exam 14: Hypersensitivity

Contact dermatitis can be characterized by:

Anaphylaxis is characterized by which of the following?

Reaction to poison ivy is which type of hypersensitivity?

To determine if a patient is allergic to peanuts,the best test to perform is:

Compared with percutaneous (prick)tests,intradermal skin tests:

Reactions to antigens in natural rubber (latex)can trigger:

What immune phenomenon is responsible for the muscle weakness associated with myasthenia gravis?

A hypersensitivity reaction characterized by the presence of IgG that reacts with soluble antigen best describes:

Which of the following occurs in hemolytic disease of the newborn?

Type I hypersensitivity can be treated by injecting a specific recombinant humanized IgG called omalizumab.This antibody:

Which newly synthesized mediator has a mode of action similar to that of histamine?

An example of a condition that involves type III hypersensitivity is:

Hypersensitivities to poison ivy and nickel are:

T cell-dependent hypersensitivity occurs:

A direct antiglobulin test is ordered on a patient sample.This test detects:

A positive direct antiglobulin test might indicate:

Preformed mediators that are released during the activation phase of a type I hypersensitivity response include which of the following?

By gradually increasing doses of an allergen over time,allergy immunotherapy is thought to:

The purified protein derivative reaction to determine exposure to tuberculosis is based on which of the following?

Introduction to Immunity and the Immune System

Nature of Antigens and the Major Histocompatibility Complex

Innate Immunity

Adaptive Immunity

Antibody Structure and Function

Cytokines

Complement System

Safety and Quality Management

Principles of Serological Testing

Precipitation and Agglutination Reactions

Labeled Immunoassays

Molecular Diagnostic Techniques

Flow Cytometry and Laboratory Automation

Autoimmunity

Transplantation Immunology

Tumor Immunology

Immunoproliferative Diseases

Immunodeficiency Diseases

Serological and Molecular Detection of Bacterial Infections

Spirochete Diseases

Serological and Molecular Diagnosis of Parasitic and Fungal Infections

Serology and Molecular Detection of Viral Infections

Laboratory Diagnosis of HIV Infection

Immunization and Vaccines

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