Question 1

What is the common name of the following glycose shown in Fischer notation?

Accepted Answer

A) D-glyceraldehyde 
B) L-glyceraldehyde 
C) S-glyceraldehyde 
D) (-)-glyceraldehyde 
E) D-erythrose 
A) D-glyceraldehyde 
B) L-glyceraldehyde 
C) S-glyceraldehyde 
D) (-)-glyceraldehyde 
E) D-erythrose A

Question 2

Choose the INCORRECT statement about metabolism.

Accepted Answer

A) Catabolism is when substances are broken down. 
B) Anabolism is the derivation of energy from substances. 
C) Metabolites are substances involved in metabolism. 
D) Endergonic reactions are nonspontaneous. 
E) Metabolism is the totality of an organism deriving energy from matter and excreting excess. 
A) Catabolism is when substances are broken down. 
B) Anabolism is the derivation of energy from substances. 
C) Metabolites are substances involved in metabolism. 
D) Endergonic reactions are nonspontaneous. 
E) Metabolism is the totality of an organism deriving energy from matter and excreting excess. B

Question 3

What is the absolute configuration of the following amino acids?

Accepted Answer

A) 1L,2D,3D 
B) 1l,2d,3d 
C) 1D,2D,3D 
D) 1L,2L,3L 
E) 1d,2l,3l 
A) 1L,2D,3D 
B) 1l,2d,3d 
C) 1D,2D,3D 
D) 1L,2L,3L 
E) 1d,2l,3l A

Question 4

Choose the INCORRECT statement.

Accepted Answer

A) Unsaturation in a fat or oil can be removed by hydrogenation. 
B) Unsaturation can be removed by the catalytic addition of hydrogen. 
C) Removing unsaturation raises the melting point of the fat or oil. 
D) Margarines are oils,fortified with color. 
E) Fats and oils become rancid when exposed to heat,air,and light. 
A) Unsaturation in a fat or oil can be removed by hydrogenation. 
B) Unsaturation can be removed by the catalytic addition of hydrogen. 
C) Removing unsaturation raises the melting point of the fat or oil. 
D) Margarines are oils,fortified with color. 
E) Fats and oils become rancid when exposed to heat,air,and light.

Question 5

A mixture of the three amino acids shown below was buffered to pH 7.0 and placed in the center of an electric field with the cathode to the left and the anode to the right.From left to right,what would be the positional order of the amino acids after sufficient time to allow migration?

Accepted Answer

A) A,B,C 
B) B,C,A 
C) B,A,C 
D) C,B,A 
E) C,A,B 
A) A,B,C 
B) B,C,A 
C) B,A,C 
D) C,B,A 
E) C,A,B

Question 6

Find a mismatch enzyme - substrate pair.

Accepted Answer

A) amylases - starch 
B) amylase - polysaccharides 
C) lipase - fats and oils 
D) pepsin - diglycerides 
E) trypsin and chymotrypsin - polypeptides 
A) amylases - starch 
B) amylase - polysaccharides 
C) lipase - fats and oils 
D) pepsin - diglycerides 
E) trypsin and chymotrypsin - polypeptides

Question 7

Which of the following is a monosaccharide?

Accepted Answer

A) glycogen 
B) animal fat 
C) cellulose 
D) starch 
E) sucrose 
A) glycogen 
B) animal fat 
C) cellulose 
D) starch 
E) sucrose

Question 8

Enantiomers ALWAYS:

Accepted Answer

A) have an asymmetric carbon 
B) have different physical properties 
C) change the color of light 
D) rotate polarized light 
E) have different chemical properties 
A) have an asymmetric carbon 
B) have different physical properties 
C) change the color of light 
D) rotate polarized light 
E) have different chemical properties

Question 9

Choose the INCORRECT prediction.By careful inspection of the formula of lactic acid,CH3CH(OH)COOH,one would predict:

Accepted Answer

A) Molecules should have two forms.These forms are mirror images of one another. 
B) Molecule should show cis and trans isomerism. 
C) Molecule should have a chiral carbon atom. 
D) Molecule should show optical isomerism. 
E) Molecule should show acidic properties. 
A) Molecules should have two forms.These forms are mirror images of one another. 
B) Molecule should show cis and trans isomerism. 
C) Molecule should have a chiral carbon atom. 
D) Molecule should show optical isomerism. 
E) Molecule should show acidic properties.

Question 10

Which of the following are unimportant for tertiary structure of the proteins?

Accepted Answer

A) salt linkage 
B) disulfide bonds 
C) hydrophobic interactions 
D) van der Waals forces 
E) hydrogen bonding 
A) salt linkage 
B) disulfide bonds 
C) hydrophobic interactions 
D) van der Waals forces 
E) hydrogen bonding

Question 11

Choose the INCORRECT statement.

Accepted Answer

A) Lipids are hydrocarbons with basic properties. 
B) The acyl groups of triglycerides are fatty acids. 
C) A mixed triglyceride has different acyl groups. 
D) Lipids are constituents of plant and animal tissues that are soluble in solvents of low polarity. 
E) Triglycerides are esters of glycerol with long-chain monocarboxylic acids. 
A) Lipids are hydrocarbons with basic properties. 
B) The acyl groups of triglycerides are fatty acids. 
C) A mixed triglyceride has different acyl groups. 
D) Lipids are constituents of plant and animal tissues that are soluble in solvents of low polarity. 
E) Triglycerides are esters of glycerol with long-chain monocarboxylic acids.

Question 12

What is the chemical structure of the tetrapeptide (H2N-end)-Ala-Cys-Asp-Glu?

Accepted Answer

H₂NCH(CH₃)C(O)NHCH(CH₂S

Question 13

Choose the INCORRECT statement.

Accepted Answer

A) The bond between amino acids is called a peptide bond. 
B) There are four levels of structure in a protein. 
C) Primary structure is the linear sequence of amino acids in the polypeptide chain. 
D) Secondary structure is the bonding of more than one protein together. 
E) Enzymes are biological catalysts that contain protein. 
A) The bond between amino acids is called a peptide bond. 
B) There are four levels of structure in a protein. 
C) Primary structure is the linear sequence of amino acids in the polypeptide chain. 
D) Secondary structure is the bonding of more than one protein together. 
E) Enzymes are biological catalysts that contain protein.

Question 14

What four elements make up approximately 96% of the total human body mass?

Accepted Answer

A) C,N,O,P 
B) C,O,Ca,N 
C) Mg,Cu,Fe,N 
D) C,O,N,H2O 
E) C,H,N,O 
A) C,N,O,P 
B) C,O,Ca,N 
C) Mg,Cu,Fe,N 
D) C,O,N,H2O 
E) C,H,N,O

Question 15

Choose the INCORRECT statement.

Accepted Answer

A) About 50 elements occur in measurable concentrations in living matter. 
B) About 25 elements have functions that are definitely known. 
C) Oxygen,carbon,hydrogen and nitrogen account for 96% of human body mass. 
D) Water is the most abundant compound in most living organisms. 
E) Mitochondria make up the nucleus of a cell. 
A) About 50 elements occur in measurable concentrations in living matter. 
B) About 25 elements have functions that are definitely known. 
C) Oxygen,carbon,hydrogen and nitrogen account for 96% of human body mass. 
D) Water is the most abundant compound in most living organisms. 
E) Mitochondria make up the nucleus of a cell.

Question 16

When the equation for the oxidation of glucose is balanced,the coefficients are: ________.
C6H12O6 + O2 → CO2 + H2O

Accepted Answer

A) 2,6,12,12 
B) 1,3,6,6 
C) 1,6,6,6 
D) 1,9,6,12 
E) 4,2,4,2 
A) 2,6,12,12 
B) 1,3,6,6 
C) 1,6,6,6 
D) 1,9,6,12 
E) 4,2,4,2

Question 17

Which of the following readily dissolve in nonpolar solvents?

Accepted Answer

A) proteins 
B) nucleic acids 
C) glycine 
D) lipids 
E) enzymes 
A) proteins 
B) nucleic acids 
C) glycine 
D) lipids 
E) enzymes

Question 18

Apart from bringing the reactants close together,how does the binding of substrates in the active site of the enzyme serve to catalyze a reaction?

Accepted Answer

A) Binding lowers the activation energy of the reaction. 
B) Enzymes provide energy upon substrate binding to drive the reaction. 
C) Binding of the substrate maintains the optimal temperature for the reaction. 
D) Binding maintains the optimal pH for enzyme activity. 
E) Binding lowers the energy of the products increasing the reaction rate. 
A) Binding lowers the activation energy of the reaction. 
B) Enzymes provide energy upon substrate binding to drive the reaction. 
C) Binding of the substrate maintains the optimal temperature for the reaction. 
D) Binding maintains the optimal pH for enzyme activity. 
E) Binding lowers the energy of the products increasing the reaction rate.

Question 19

In DNA,guanine always pairs with cytosine.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Cellulose and starch are both polymers of glucose units,but most animals can only use starch as a source of carbohydrate in their diets.Why are most animals incapable of digesting cellulose?

Accepted Answer

A) Starch contains α linkages between carbons 1 and 4,where as cellulose contains β linkages between carbons 1 and 2. 
B) The glucose units of cellulose are in the open chain form and cannot be hydrolyzed by the cyclic-sugar specific enzymes of animals. 
C) The polymer of cellulose is simply too long to be completely digested by animals. 
D) Most animals do not produce enzymes which are capable of hydrolyzing β linkages between cellulose. 
E) This statement is incorrect.Most animals can digest cellulose. 
A) Starch contains α linkages between carbons 1 and 4,where as cellulose contains β linkages between carbons 1 and 2. 
B) The glucose units of cellulose are in the open chain form and cannot be hydrolyzed by the cyclic-sugar specific enzymes of animals. 
C) The polymer of cellulose is simply too long to be completely digested by animals. 
D) Most animals do not produce enzymes which are capable of hydrolyzing β linkages between cellulose. 
E) This statement is incorrect.Most animals can digest cellulose.

Exam 28: Chemistry of the Living State

What is the common name of the following glycose shown in Fischer notation?

Choose the INCORRECT statement about metabolism.

What is the absolute configuration of the following amino acids?

Choose the INCORRECT statement.

A mixture of the three amino acids shown below was buffered to pH 7.0 and placed in the center of an electric field with the cathode to the left and the anode to the right.From left to right,what would be the positional order of the amino acids after sufficient time to allow migration?

Find a mismatch enzyme - substrate pair.

Which of the following is a monosaccharide?

Enantiomers ALWAYS:

Choose the INCORRECT prediction.By careful inspection of the formula of lactic acid,CH3CH(OH)COOH,one would predict:

Which of the following are unimportant for tertiary structure of the proteins?

Choose the INCORRECT statement.

What is the chemical structure of the tetrapeptide (H2N-end)-Ala-Cys-Asp-Glu?

Choose the INCORRECT statement.

What four elements make up approximately 96% of the total human body mass?

Choose the INCORRECT statement.

When the equation for the oxidation of glucose is balanced,the coefficients are: ________. C6H12O6 + O2 → CO2 + H2O

Which of the following readily dissolve in nonpolar solvents?

Apart from bringing the reactants close together,how does the binding of substrates in the active site of the enzyme serve to catalyze a reaction?

In DNA,guanine always pairs with cytosine.

Cellulose and starch are both polymers of glucose units,but most animals can only use starch as a source of carbohydrate in their diets.Why are most animals incapable of digesting cellulose?

Matter: Its Properties and Measurement

Atoms and the Atomic Theory

Chemical Compounds

Chemical Reactions

Introduction to Reactions in Aqueous Solutions

Gases

Thermochemistry

Electrons in Atoms

The Periodic Table and Some Atomic Properties

Chemical Bonding I: Basic Concepts

Chemical Bonding Ii: Valence Bond and Molecular Orbital Theories

Intermolecular Forces: Liquids and Solids

Spontaneous Change: Entropy and Gibbs Energy

Solutions and Their Physical Properties

Principles of Chemical Equilibrium

Acids and Bases

Additional Aspects of Acidbase Equilibria

Solubility and Complex-Ion Equilibria

Electrochemistry

Chemical Kinetics

Chemistry of the Main-Group Elements I: Groups 1,2,13,and 14

Chemistry of the Main-Group Elements Ii: Groups 18,17,16,15,and Hydrogen

The Transition Elements

Complex Ions and Coordination Compounds

Nuclear Chemistry

Structures of Organic Compounds

Reactions of Organic Compounds

Filters

Choose the INCORRECT prediction.By careful inspection of the formula of lactic acid,CH₃CH(OH)COOH,one would predict:

What is the chemical structure of the tetrapeptide (H₂N-end)-Ala-Cys-Asp-Glu?

When the equation for the oxidation of glucose is balanced,the coefficients are: ________. C₆H₁₂O₆ + O₂ → CO₂ + H₂O