Exam 16: Regression Models for Nonlinear Relationships

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The quadratic regression model allows for one change in ________.

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The quadratic regression model The quadratic regression model   = b<sub>0</sub> + b<sub>1</sub>x + b<sub>2</sub>x<sup>2</sup> allows for one sign change in the slope capturing the influence of x on y. = b0 + b1x + b2x2 allows for one sign change in the slope capturing the influence of x on y.

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In which of the following models does the slope coefficient b1 measure the change in In which of the following models does the slope coefficient b<sub>1</sub> measure the change in   when x increases by one unit? when x increases by one unit?

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The fit of the models y = β0 + β1x + ε and y = β0 + β1ln(x) + ε can be compared using the coefficient of determination R2.

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A quadratic regression model is a polynomial regression model of order 2.

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The following data show the demand for an airline ticket dependent on the price of this ticket. The following data show the demand for an airline ticket dependent on the price of this ticket.   For the assumed cubic and log-log regression models, Demand = β<sub>0</sub> + β<sub>1</sub>Price + β<sub>2</sub>Price<sup>2 </sup>+ β<sub>3</sub>Price<sup>3 </sup>+ ε and ln(Demand) = β<sub>0</sub> + β<sub>1</sub>ln(Price) + ε, the following regression results are available.   Which of the following does the slope of the obtained log-log regression equation ln (   ) = 26.3660 - 3.2577 ln(Price) signify? For the assumed cubic and log-log regression models, Demand = β0 + β1Price + β2Price2 + β3Price3 + ε and ln(Demand) = β0 + β1ln(Price) + ε, the following regression results are available. The following data show the demand for an airline ticket dependent on the price of this ticket.   For the assumed cubic and log-log regression models, Demand = β<sub>0</sub> + β<sub>1</sub>Price + β<sub>2</sub>Price<sup>2 </sup>+ β<sub>3</sub>Price<sup>3 </sup>+ ε and ln(Demand) = β<sub>0</sub> + β<sub>1</sub>ln(Price) + ε, the following regression results are available.   Which of the following does the slope of the obtained log-log regression equation ln (   ) = 26.3660 - 3.2577 ln(Price) signify? Which of the following does the slope of the obtained log-log regression equation ln ( The following data show the demand for an airline ticket dependent on the price of this ticket.   For the assumed cubic and log-log regression models, Demand = β<sub>0</sub> + β<sub>1</sub>Price + β<sub>2</sub>Price<sup>2 </sup>+ β<sub>3</sub>Price<sup>3 </sup>+ ε and ln(Demand) = β<sub>0</sub> + β<sub>1</sub>ln(Price) + ε, the following regression results are available.   Which of the following does the slope of the obtained log-log regression equation ln (   ) = 26.3660 - 3.2577 ln(Price) signify? ) = 26.3660 - 3.2577 ln(Price) signify?

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Thirty employed single individuals were randomly selected to examine the relationship between their age (Age) and their credit card debt (Debt) expressed as a percentage of their annual income. Three polynomial models were applied and the following table summarizes Excel's regression results. Thirty employed single individuals were randomly selected to examine the relationship between their age (Age) and their credit card debt (Debt) expressed as a percentage of their annual income. Three polynomial models were applied and the following table summarizes Excel's regression results.   What is the value of the test statistic for testing H<sub>0</sub>: β<sub>2</sub> = β<sub>3</sub> = 0 against H<sub>A</sub>: β<sub>2</sub> ≠ 0 or β<sub>3</sub> ≠ 0 in the model Debt = β<sub>0</sub> + β<sub>1</sub>Age + β<sub>2</sub>Age<sup>2</sup><sup>+ β</sup><sub>3</sub>Age<sup>3 </sup>+ ε? What is the value of the test statistic for testing H0: β2 = β3 = 0 against HA: β2 ≠ 0 or β3 ≠ 0 in the model Debt = β0 + β1Age + β2Age2+ β3Age3 + ε?

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It is believed that the sales volume of one-liter Pepsi bottles depends on the price of the bottle and the price of a one-liter bottle of Coca-Cola. The following data have been collected for a certain sales region. It is believed that the sales volume of one-liter Pepsi bottles depends on the price of the bottle and the price of a one-liter bottle of Coca-Cola. The following data have been collected for a certain sales region.   The linear model Pepsi Sales = β<sub>0</sub> + β<sub>1</sub>Pepsi Price + β<sub>2</sub>Cola Price + ε and the log-log model ln(Pepsi Sales) = β<sub>0</sub> + β<sub>1</sub>ln(Pepsi Price) + β<sub>2</sub>ln(Cola Price) + ε have been estimated as follows:   Using the linear model, calculate the predicted Pepsi Sales when the Pepsi Price is $1.50 and the Cola Price is $1.25. The linear model Pepsi Sales = β0 + β1Pepsi Price + β2Cola Price + ε and the log-log model ln(Pepsi Sales) = β0 + β1ln(Pepsi Price) + β2ln(Cola Price) + ε have been estimated as follows: It is believed that the sales volume of one-liter Pepsi bottles depends on the price of the bottle and the price of a one-liter bottle of Coca-Cola. The following data have been collected for a certain sales region.   The linear model Pepsi Sales = β<sub>0</sub> + β<sub>1</sub>Pepsi Price + β<sub>2</sub>Cola Price + ε and the log-log model ln(Pepsi Sales) = β<sub>0</sub> + β<sub>1</sub>ln(Pepsi Price) + β<sub>2</sub>ln(Cola Price) + ε have been estimated as follows:   Using the linear model, calculate the predicted Pepsi Sales when the Pepsi Price is $1.50 and the Cola Price is $1.25. Using the linear model, calculate the predicted Pepsi Sales when the Pepsi Price is $1.50 and the Cola Price is $1.25.

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The following data show the cooling temperatures of a freshly brewed cup of coffee after it is poured from the brewing pot into a serving cup. The brewing pot temperature is approximately 180º F. The following data show the cooling temperatures of a freshly brewed cup of coffee after it is poured from the brewing pot into a serving cup. The brewing pot temperature is approximately 180º F.   The output for an exponential model, ln(Temp) = β<sub>0</sub> + β<sub>1</sub>Time + ε, t is below.   How many minutes must elapse after the brewing in order to cool the coffee to 158°F? The output for an exponential model, ln(Temp) = β0 + β1Time + ε, t is below. The following data show the cooling temperatures of a freshly brewed cup of coffee after it is poured from the brewing pot into a serving cup. The brewing pot temperature is approximately 180º F.   The output for an exponential model, ln(Temp) = β<sub>0</sub> + β<sub>1</sub>Time + ε, t is below.   How many minutes must elapse after the brewing in order to cool the coffee to 158°F? How many minutes must elapse after the brewing in order to cool the coffee to 158°F?

(Multiple Choice)
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The scatterplot shown below represents a typical shape of a cubic regression model y = β0 + β1x + β2x2 + β3x3 + ε. The scatterplot shown below represents a typical shape of a cubic regression model y = β<sub>0</sub> + β<sub>1</sub>x + β<sub>2</sub>x<sup>2</sup> + β<sub>3</sub>x<sup>3</sup> + ε.   Which of the following is true about values of the regression coefficients? Which of the following is true about values of the regression coefficients?

(Multiple Choice)
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The following data show the cooling temperatures of a freshly brewed cup of coffee after it is poured from the brewing pot into a serving cup. The brewing pot temperature is approximately 180º F. The following data show the cooling temperatures of a freshly brewed cup of coffee after it is poured from the brewing pot into a serving cup. The brewing pot temperature is approximately 180º F.   The output for an exponential model, ln(Temp) = β<sub>0</sub> + β<sub>1</sub>Time + ε, t is below.   Which of the following is the standard error of the estimate? The output for an exponential model, ln(Temp) = β0 + β1Time + ε, t is below. The following data show the cooling temperatures of a freshly brewed cup of coffee after it is poured from the brewing pot into a serving cup. The brewing pot temperature is approximately 180º F.   The output for an exponential model, ln(Temp) = β<sub>0</sub> + β<sub>1</sub>Time + ε, t is below.   Which of the following is the standard error of the estimate? Which of the following is the standard error of the estimate?

(Multiple Choice)
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Thirty employed single individuals were randomly selected to examine the relationship between their age (Age) and their credit card debt (Debt) expressed as a percentage of their annual income. Three polynomial models were applied and the following table summarizes Excel's regression results. Thirty employed single individuals were randomly selected to examine the relationship between their age (Age) and their credit card debt (Debt) expressed as a percentage of their annual income. Three polynomial models were applied and the following table summarizes Excel's regression results.   What is the sample correlation coefficient between Age and Debt? What is the sample correlation coefficient between Age and Debt?

(Short Answer)
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The following data show the demand for an airline ticket dependent on the price of this ticket. The following data show the demand for an airline ticket dependent on the price of this ticket.   For the assumed cubic and log-log regression models, Demand = β<sub>0</sub> + β<sub>1</sub>Price + β<sub>2</sub>Price<sup>2 </sup>+ β<sub>3</sub>Price<sup>3 </sup>+ ε and ln(Demand) = β<sub>0</sub> + β<sub>1</sub>ln(Price) + ε, the following regression results are available.   Which of the following is the percentage of variation in ln(Demand) explained by the log-log regression model? For the assumed cubic and log-log regression models, Demand = β0 + β1Price + β2Price2 + β3Price3 + ε and ln(Demand) = β0 + β1ln(Price) + ε, the following regression results are available. The following data show the demand for an airline ticket dependent on the price of this ticket.   For the assumed cubic and log-log regression models, Demand = β<sub>0</sub> + β<sub>1</sub>Price + β<sub>2</sub>Price<sup>2 </sup>+ β<sub>3</sub>Price<sup>3 </sup>+ ε and ln(Demand) = β<sub>0</sub> + β<sub>1</sub>ln(Price) + ε, the following regression results are available.   Which of the following is the percentage of variation in ln(Demand) explained by the log-log regression model? Which of the following is the percentage of variation in ln(Demand) explained by the log-log regression model?

(Multiple Choice)
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The following data show the cooling temperatures of a freshly brewed cup of coffee after it is poured from the brewing pot into a serving cup. The brewing pot temperature is approximately 180º F. The following data show the cooling temperatures of a freshly brewed cup of coffee after it is poured from the brewing pot into a serving cup. The brewing pot temperature is approximately 180º F.   The output for an exponential model, ln(Temp) = β<sub>0</sub> + β<sub>1</sub>Time + ε, is below.   Which of the following is the regression equation for making predictions concerning the coffee temperature? The output for an exponential model, ln(Temp) = β0 + β1Time + ε, is below. The following data show the cooling temperatures of a freshly brewed cup of coffee after it is poured from the brewing pot into a serving cup. The brewing pot temperature is approximately 180º F.   The output for an exponential model, ln(Temp) = β<sub>0</sub> + β<sub>1</sub>Time + ε, is below.   Which of the following is the regression equation for making predictions concerning the coffee temperature? Which of the following is the regression equation for making predictions concerning the coffee temperature?

(Multiple Choice)
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Typically, the sales volume declines with an increase of a product price. It has been observed, however, that for some luxury goods the sales volume may increase when the price increases. The following scatterplot illustrates this rather unusual relationship. Typically, the sales volume declines with an increase of a product price. It has been observed, however, that for some luxury goods the sales volume may increase when the price increases. The following scatterplot illustrates this rather unusual relationship.   What can be said about the linear relationship between Price and Sales? What can be said about the linear relationship between Price and Sales?

(Multiple Choice)
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The quadratic and logarithmic models, y = β0 + β1x + β2x2 + ε and y = β0 + β1 ln(x) + ε, were fit given data on y and x, and the following table summarizes the regression results. Which of the two models provides a better fit? The quadratic and logarithmic models, y = β<sub>0</sub> + β<sub>1</sub>x + β<sub>2</sub>x<sup>2</sup> + ε and y = β<sub>0</sub> + β<sub>1</sub> ln(x) + ε, were fit given data on y and x, and the following table summarizes the regression results. Which of the two models provides a better fit?

(Multiple Choice)
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The following data show the cooling temperatures of a freshly brewed cup of coffee after it is poured from the brewing pot into a serving cup. The brewing pot temperature is approximately 180º F. The following data show the cooling temperatures of a freshly brewed cup of coffee after it is poured from the brewing pot into a serving cup. The brewing pot temperature is approximately 180º F.   The output for an exponential model ln(Temp) = β<sub>0</sub> + β<sub>1</sub>Time + ε, t is below.   Which of the following is the percentage of variation in ln(Temp) explained by the model? The output for an exponential model ln(Temp) = β0 + β1Time + ε, t is below. The following data show the cooling temperatures of a freshly brewed cup of coffee after it is poured from the brewing pot into a serving cup. The brewing pot temperature is approximately 180º F.   The output for an exponential model ln(Temp) = β<sub>0</sub> + β<sub>1</sub>Time + ε, t is below.   Which of the following is the percentage of variation in ln(Temp) explained by the model? Which of the following is the percentage of variation in ln(Temp) explained by the model?

(Multiple Choice)
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The following data show the cooling temperatures of a freshly brewed cup of coffee after it is poured from the brewing pot into a serving cup. The brewing pot temperature is approximately 180º F. The following data show the cooling temperatures of a freshly brewed cup of coffee after it is poured from the brewing pot into a serving cup. The brewing pot temperature is approximately 180º F.   The output for an exponential model, ln(Temp) = β<sub>0</sub> + β<sub>1</sub>Time + ε, is below.   During one minute, the predicted temperature decreases by approximately ________. The output for an exponential model, ln(Temp) = β0 + β1Time + ε, is below. The following data show the cooling temperatures of a freshly brewed cup of coffee after it is poured from the brewing pot into a serving cup. The brewing pot temperature is approximately 180º F.   The output for an exponential model, ln(Temp) = β<sub>0</sub> + β<sub>1</sub>Time + ε, is below.   During one minute, the predicted temperature decreases by approximately ________. During one minute, the predicted temperature decreases by approximately ________.

(Multiple Choice)
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The following data show the demand for an airline ticket dependent on the price of this ticket. The following data show the demand for an airline ticket dependent on the price of this ticket.   For the assumed cubic and log-log regression models, Demand = β<sub>0</sub> + β<sub>1</sub>Price + β<sub>2</sub>Price<sup>2 </sup>+ β<sub>3</sub>Price<sup>3 </sup>+ ε and ln(Demand) = β<sub>0</sub> + β<sub>1</sub>ln(Price) + ε, the following regression results are available.   Assuming that the sample correlation coefficient between Demand and   = exp(26.3660 - 3.2577 ln(Price) + (0.2071)<sup>2</sup>/2) is 0.956, what is the percentage of variations in Demand explained by the log-log regression model? For the assumed cubic and log-log regression models, Demand = β0 + β1Price + β2Price2 + β3Price3 + ε and ln(Demand) = β0 + β1ln(Price) + ε, the following regression results are available. The following data show the demand for an airline ticket dependent on the price of this ticket.   For the assumed cubic and log-log regression models, Demand = β<sub>0</sub> + β<sub>1</sub>Price + β<sub>2</sub>Price<sup>2 </sup>+ β<sub>3</sub>Price<sup>3 </sup>+ ε and ln(Demand) = β<sub>0</sub> + β<sub>1</sub>ln(Price) + ε, the following regression results are available.   Assuming that the sample correlation coefficient between Demand and   = exp(26.3660 - 3.2577 ln(Price) + (0.2071)<sup>2</sup>/2) is 0.956, what is the percentage of variations in Demand explained by the log-log regression model? Assuming that the sample correlation coefficient between Demand and The following data show the demand for an airline ticket dependent on the price of this ticket.   For the assumed cubic and log-log regression models, Demand = β<sub>0</sub> + β<sub>1</sub>Price + β<sub>2</sub>Price<sup>2 </sup>+ β<sub>3</sub>Price<sup>3 </sup>+ ε and ln(Demand) = β<sub>0</sub> + β<sub>1</sub>ln(Price) + ε, the following regression results are available.   Assuming that the sample correlation coefficient between Demand and   = exp(26.3660 - 3.2577 ln(Price) + (0.2071)<sup>2</sup>/2) is 0.956, what is the percentage of variations in Demand explained by the log-log regression model? = exp(26.3660 - 3.2577 ln(Price) + (0.2071)2/2) is 0.956, what is the percentage of variations in Demand explained by the log-log regression model?

(Multiple Choice)
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Thirty employed single individuals were randomly selected to examine the relationship between their age (Age) and their credit card debt (Debt) expressed as a percentage of their annual income. Three polynomial models were applied and the following table summarizes Excel's regression results. Thirty employed single individuals were randomly selected to examine the relationship between their age (Age) and their credit card debt (Debt) expressed as a percentage of their annual income. Three polynomial models were applied and the following table summarizes Excel's regression results.   Using the quadratic regression equation, find the age of an employed single person with the highest predicted percentage debt. Using the quadratic regression equation, find the age of an employed single person with the highest predicted percentage debt.

(Short Answer)
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