Question 1

Infants have a remarkable capacity for rapid learning,which is referred to as _______ intelligence.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Infants have a remarkable capacity for rapid...

Question 2

Concerning language development,which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A) The idea that language is learned is supported by the fact that children around the world use a limited number of patterns in their first sentences. 
B) The typical patterns of children's first sentences include identification,nonexistence,possession,agent­ action,negation,and question. 
C) A readiness to interact socially with parents may be as important as innate language recognition to language development. 
D) Noam Chomsky overestimated the innate quality of language and underestimated the importance of learning. 
A) The idea that language is learned is supported by the fact that children around the world use a limited number of patterns in their first sentences. 
B) The typical patterns of children's first sentences include identification,nonexistence,possession,agent­ action,negation,and question. 
C) A readiness to interact socially with parents may be as important as innate language recognition to language development. 
D) Noam Chomsky overestimated the innate quality of language and underestimated the importance of learning.

Question 3

As predicted by Vygotsky's theory,the reading skills of eight­ to 10­year­old children are closely related to

Accepted Answer

A) the amount of verbal scaffolding their mothers provided at age three or four. 
B) their psychomotor skills at age two. 
C) their ability to make transformations by age five or six. 
D) the number of words in their expressive vocabulary by age two. 
A) the amount of verbal scaffolding their mothers provided at age three or four. 
B) their psychomotor skills at age two. 
C) their ability to make transformations by age five or six. 
D) the number of words in their expressive vocabulary by age two.

Question 4

The false-belief task is used to assess whether a child has developed _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The false-belief task is used to assess...

Question 5

When people modify their existing mental patterns to fit new requirements,they are exhibiting

Accepted Answer

A) assimilation. 
B) accommodation. 
C) egocentrism. 
D) conservation. 
A) assimilation. 
B) accommodation. 
C) egocentrism. 
D) conservation.

Question 6

Children who are between seven and 11 years of age are in which cognitive stage?

Accepted Answer

A) preoperational 
B) post-operational 
C) concrete operational 
D) formal operational 
A) preoperational 
B) post-operational 
C) concrete operational 
D) formal operational

Question 7

When the mother is standing over the crib where the infant is,Jerome Bruner observed that the three to eight- week­old baby will become agitated and begin to cry if the infant hears the mothers' voice coming from a loudspeaker rather than from the mother's mouth.This illustrates that babies

Accepted Answer

A) are startled by loud noises. 
B) have more acute vision than was previously thought. 
C) seem to understand that a person's voice and body should be connected. 
D) are unable to localize and predict where sounds should come from. 
A) are startled by loud noises. 
B) have more acute vision than was previously thought. 
C) seem to understand that a person's voice and body should be connected. 
D) are unable to localize and predict where sounds should come from.

Question 8

Grant is sitting in his high chair calling to his dog,"Here Dog." He then turns to his mother and says,"Want juice." Grant is exhibiting

Accepted Answer

A) cooing. 
B) telegraphic speech. 
C) the single-word stage. 
D) babbling. 
A) cooing. 
B) telegraphic speech. 
C) the single-word stage. 
D) babbling.

Question 9

If a two­year­old says,"Water go," and the parent responds with either "Where did the water go"or "Yes,the water goes down the drain," the parent is

Accepted Answer

A) using the linguistic strategy of "Q­and­A." 
B) seeking to clarify what was said and prompt the child to say more. 
C) using language irregularities. 
D) using telegraphic speech to expand the child's conversational style. 
A) using the linguistic strategy of "Q­and­A." 
B) seeking to clarify what was said and prompt the child to say more. 
C) using language irregularities. 
D) using telegraphic speech to expand the child's conversational style.

Question 10

Students in Mrs.Gibson's psychology class are learning about the ethical principles of research and will be setting up simple research projects involving the survey and correlation methods.In order to complete these projects,Mrs.Gibson's students must utilize thinking that is at which cognitive stage?

Accepted Answer

A) preoperational 
B) concrete operational 
C) formal operational 
D) sensorimotor 
A) preoperational 
B) concrete operational 
C) formal operational 
D) sensorimotor

Question 11

According to Vygotsky,which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A) Children learn most effectively when guidance is given on tasks within their zone of proximal development. 
B) During their interactions with children,adults unconsciously adjust their behavior to give children the information they need to solve problems that interest the child. 
C) During their collaborations with adults,children learn important cultural beliefs and values. 
D) Scaffolding is to be utilized only when the child requests this temporary help from the parent. 
A) Children learn most effectively when guidance is given on tasks within their zone of proximal development. 
B) During their interactions with children,adults unconsciously adjust their behavior to give children the information they need to solve problems that interest the child. 
C) During their collaborations with adults,children learn important cultural beliefs and values. 
D) Scaffolding is to be utilized only when the child requests this temporary help from the parent.

Question 12

Tiana is four weeks old and will use which of the following to gain attention from her parents at this age?

Accepted Answer

A) cooing 
B) babbling 
C) crying 
D) holophrases 
A) cooing 
B) babbling 
C) crying 
D) holophrases

Question 13

Between the ages of three and six,children make rapid progress in their ability to think symbolically,which corresponds to a tremendous wave of growth occurring among the neurons in which areas of the brain?

Accepted Answer

A) frontal 
B) parietal 
C) temporal 
D) occipital 
A) frontal 
B) parietal 
C) temporal 
D) occipital

Question 14

According to Piaget,newborn babies lack object permanence because they

Accepted Answer

A) are incapable of using fluid intelligence at this young age. 
B) cannot localize the sounds they hear. 
C) cannot imitate actions as they observe them. 
D) cannot create internal representations,such as mental images. 
A) are incapable of using fluid intelligence at this young age. 
B) cannot localize the sounds they hear. 
C) cannot imitate actions as they observe them. 
D) cannot create internal representations,such as mental images.

Question 15

Videotapes of babies confirm that they imitate adult facial gestures while they can see them.Biopsychologists would explain that this imitation is due to the action of the

Accepted Answer

A) amygdala. 
B) pons. 
C) mirror neurons. 
D) reticular formation. 
A) amygdala. 
B) pons. 
C) mirror neurons. 
D) reticular formation.

Question 16

Which of the following observations is cited to support the idea that language is learned?

Accepted Answer

A) Babies in all cultures communicate first by crying,then cooing,then babbling. 
B) Parents and children communicate with shared signals before language appears. 
C) Children around the world use a limited number of patterns in their first sentences. 
D) Telegraphic speech occurs in every culture. 
A) Babies in all cultures communicate first by crying,then cooing,then babbling. 
B) Parents and children communicate with shared signals before language appears. 
C) Children around the world use a limited number of patterns in their first sentences. 
D) Telegraphic speech occurs in every culture.

Question 17

The ages at which Piaget believed that infants acquired certain cognitive abilities have been challenged by recent research that evaluated infants' reactions to

Accepted Answer

A) hypothetical possibilities. 
B) impossible events. 
C) turn-taking. 
D) separation anxiety. 
A) hypothetical possibilities. 
B) impossible events. 
C) turn-taking. 
D) separation anxiety.

Question 18

When children learn the alphabet and how to count to 20,they are exhibiting _______ intelligence.

Accepted Answer

A) practical 
B) fluid 
C) crystallized 
D) experiential 
A) practical 
B) fluid 
C) crystallized 
D) experiential

Question 19

Parents around the world use low,smooth,drawn-out tones to

Accepted Answer

A) praise the baby. 
B) call attention to objects. 
C) comfort the baby. 
D) warn the baby. 
A) praise the baby. 
B) call attention to objects. 
C) comfort the baby. 
D) warn the baby.

Question 20

In Piaget's theory,when a child masters the concept that the weight,mass,and volume of matter remain unchanged even when the shape or appearance of objects changes,he or she is exhibiting

Accepted Answer

A) conservation. 
B) object permanence. 
C) egocentrism. 
D) animism. 
A) conservation. 
B) object permanence. 
C) egocentrism. 
D) animism.

Exam 15: Human Development: Language and Cognitive Development in Childhood

Infants have a remarkable capacity for rapid learning,which is referred to as _______ intelligence.

Concerning language development,which of the following statements is FALSE?

As predicted by Vygotsky's theory,the reading skills of eight­ to 10­year­old children are closely related to

The false-belief task is used to assess whether a child has developed _______.

When people modify their existing mental patterns to fit new requirements,they are exhibiting

Children who are between seven and 11 years of age are in which cognitive stage?

When the mother is standing over the crib where the infant is,Jerome Bruner observed that the three to eight- week­old baby will become agitated and begin to cry if the infant hears the mothers' voice coming from a loudspeaker rather than from the mother's mouth.This illustrates that babies

Grant is sitting in his high chair calling to his dog,"Here Dog." He then turns to his mother and says,"Want juice." Grant is exhibiting

If a two­year­old says,"Water go," and the parent responds with either "Where did the water go"or "Yes,the water goes down the drain," the parent is

According to Vygotsky,which of the following statements is FALSE?

Tiana is four weeks old and will use which of the following to gain attention from her parents at this age?

Between the ages of three and six,children make rapid progress in their ability to think symbolically,which corresponds to a tremendous wave of growth occurring among the neurons in which areas of the brain?

According to Piaget,newborn babies lack object permanence because they

Videotapes of babies confirm that they imitate adult facial gestures while they can see them.Biopsychologists would explain that this imitation is due to the action of the

Which of the following observations is cited to support the idea that language is learned?

The ages at which Piaget believed that infants acquired certain cognitive abilities have been challenged by recent research that evaluated infants' reactions to

When children learn the alphabet and how to count to 20,they are exhibiting _______ intelligence.

Parents around the world use low,smooth,drawn-out tones to

In Piaget's theory,when a child masters the concept that the weight,mass,and volume of matter remain unchanged even when the shape or appearance of objects changes,he or she is exhibiting

Introduction

How to Study Psychology

Introducing Psychology: Psychology, Critical Thinking, and Science

Introducing Psychology: Psychology Then and Now

Introducing Psychology: the Psychology Experiment

Introducing Psychology: Non-Experimental Research Methods

Psychology in Action: Thinking Critically About the Media

Brain and Behavior: Neurons and the Nervous System

Brain and Behavior: Brain Research

Brain and Behavior: Hemispheres and Lobes of the Cortex

Brain and Behavior: Sub-Cortex and Endocrine System

Psychology in Action: Handedness

Human Development: Heredity and Environment

Human Development: Emotional and Social Development in Childhood

Human Development: Adolescence and Adulthood

Psychology in Action: Well-Being and Happiness

Sensation and Perception: Sensory Processes

Sensation and Perception: Vision

Sensation and Perception: The Other Senses

Sensation and Perception: Perceptual Processes

Sensation and Perception: Perception and Objectivity

Psychology in Action: Extrasensory Perception

Consciousness: States of Consciousness

Consciousness: Sleep and Dreams

Consciousness: Psychoactive Drugs

Psychology in Action: Exploring and Using Dreams

Conditioning and Learning: Types of Learning

Conditioning and Learning: Classical Conditioning

Conditioning and Learning: Operant Conditioning

Conditioning and Learning: Reinforcement and Punishment

Psychology in Action: Behavioral Self-Management

Memory: Memory Systems

Memory: Forgetting

Memory: Exceptional Memory and Improving Memory

Psychology in Action: Mnemonics

Cognition and Intelligence: Imagery, Concepts, and Language

Cognition and Intelligence: Problem Solving

Cognition and Intelligence: Creative Thinking and Intuition

Cognition and Intelligence: Intelligence

Psychology in Action: Enhancing Creativity

Motivation and Emotion: Overview of Motives and Emotions

Motivation and Emotion: Motivation in Detail

Motivation and Emotion: Emotion in Detail

Psychology in Action: Emotional Intelligence

Human Sexuality: Sexual Development and Orientation

Human Sexuality: Gender Development, Androgyny, and Gender Variance

Human Sexuality: Sexual Behavior, Response, and Attitudes

Psychology in Action: Sexual Problems

Personality: Overview of Personality

Personality: Trait Theories

Personality: Psychoanalytic and Humanistic Theories

Personality: Behavioral and Social Learning Theories

Psychology in Action: Understanding Shyness

Health, Stress, and Coping: Health Psychology

Health, Stress, and Coping: Stress, Frustration, and Conflict

Health, Stress, and Coping: Defenses, Helplessness, and Depression

Health, Stress, and Coping: Stress and Health

Psychology in Action: Stress Management

Psychological Disorders: Normality and Psychopathology

Psychological Disorders: Psychosis, Delusional Disorders, and Schizophrenia

As predicted by Vygotsky's theory,the reading skills of eight to 10yearold children are closely related to

When the mother is standing over the crib where the infant is,Jerome Bruner observed that the three to eight- weekold baby will become agitated and begin to cry if the infant hears the mothers' voice coming from a loudspeaker rather than from the mother's mouth.This illustrates that babies

If a twoyearold says,"Water go," and the parent responds with either "Where did the water go"or "Yes,the water goes down the drain," the parent is