Exam 21: Classical Conditioning

Pretend that you have a teenage daughter who is slacking on her chores.How could you use both reinforcement and punishment to get her to do her chores? Be sure to describe the use of both positive and negative reinforcers,as well as positive and negative punishment.

A pigeon receives food for pecking a key,but only rarely and on unpredictable occasions.This best illustrates

A variable-interval schedule of reinforcement is one in which a response is reinforced only after a(n)

Which of the following behaviors is typically reinforced on a variable-ratio schedule?

Operant conditioning involves ________ behavior,whereas classical conditioning involves ________ behavior.

Compare and contrast operant and classical conditioning.

The introduction of a pleasant stimulus is to ________ as the withdrawal of a pleasant stimulus is to ________.

A teenage driver who has a fender bender while texting learns to discontinue his habit of texting while driving.In this case,his fender bender is a

Pavlov is to ________ as Skinner is to ________.

Megan's profane language increases in frequency when it leads to her friend's approving laughter but decreases in frequency when it leads to her parent's criticism.This best illustrates

A fixed-ratio schedule of reinforcement is one in which a response is reinforced only after a(n)

Cats received a fish reward whenever they maneuvered themselves out of an enclosed puzzle box.With successive trials,the cats escaped from the box with increasing speed.This illustrates

A child learns to stop fighting with his brother after the fight leads to suspension of the child's video gaming privileges.In this case,the suspension of video gaming privileges is a

A mother frequently picks up her crying infant boy because the baby typically stops crying as soon as he is held.In this case,the mother is ________ when her son stops crying.

To help Miguel learn how to use the toilet,his mother gives him a sticker each time he goes to the bathroom and sits on the toilet correctly.The sticker is an example of a

A conditioned reinforcer gains its reinforcing power through its link with a

Pigeons have been trained to correctly spot malignant breast tumors by means of

Which of the following would be the most appropriate step in attempting to checking your progress on a behavior change?

Julio's mother has been giving him gold stars for keeping his bed dry all night.After about a week,Julio discontinued his habit of bed-wetting.His change in behavior best illustrates the value of

Jacinda has a glass of wine after work because it relieves her anxiety.Her wine drinking is likely to continue because it serves as a ________ reinforcer.