Exam 2: Section 4: Methods in Psychology

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Scientific theories can be proven correct.

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To conduct a true experiment, a variable must be manipulated by the experimenter.

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The observation that the more college students drink alcohol the greater the number of class absences represents a negative correlation.

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When a correlation is observed between two variables, it is possible that one variable is causing the other.

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People typically search for evidence that confirms their existing beliefs.

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Third variables are not adequately controlled when random assignment fails to create equivalent groups.

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The standard deviation is a measure of central tendency.

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Skepticism is an important component of science and critical thinking.

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A normal distribution is symmetrical around its peak.

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One feature of a normal distribution is that the mean is usually greater than the median.

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The function of an Institutional Review Board is to help ensure that research is in compliance with the law and ethical guidelines.

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Correlation is a method for determining causal relationships between variables.

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The scientific method was first formally described by Francis Bacon.

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Ethical guidelines allow coercion to participate in a psychological study in certain circumstances.

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People are creatures of habit and usually behave the same way regardless of whether or not they are being observed in a psychological study.

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Current ethical guidelines prohibit conducting psychological research involving animals.

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A positive correlation between smoking and mental illness is evidenced by the fact that people who smoke are more likely to have a mental illness.

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A random sample means that every participant has an equal chance of being assigned to the treatment group or the control group.

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The dependent variable is manipulated by the experimenter.

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Cause and effect can NOT be demonstrated by observing natural correlations.

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