Exam 1: Section 4 : Psychology: Evolution of a Science

Behaviorists believe that the behavior of nonhuman animals-not human behavior-is the proper subject matter of psychology.

The Gestaltists' view was diametrically opposed to the functionalists' claim that experience can be broken down into separate elements.

Cultural psychology represents a merger of psychology and anthropology.

Social psychology began as a rejection of Gestalt psychology.

Karl Lashley discovered that maze learning tends to be localized to a small area in the left brain hemisphere termed the Broca's area.

Gestalt psychologists believed that the entirety of a perceptual experience can be greater than the sum of its component parts.

Frederic Bartlett demonstrated that our expectancies play a large role in the accuracy of our memories.

Today, a fourth of the members of the American Psychological Association are women.

As one progresses from novice to expert at playing the piano, the brain areas controlling finger movement become less active while playing.

If a behavior is reinforced, it is more likely to occur again.

Broca's research was consistent with Descartes' philosophical position that mental processes were grounded in the brain.

Wilhelm Wundt opened the first psychology laboratory in Leipzig in 1879.

Franz Joseph Gall asserted that the size of bumps or indentations on the skull reflected the size of the brain regions beneath and thus indicated personality traits.

Charcot used hypnosis to treat patients with hysteria.

Functionalists depended on introspection to study subjective observations of personal experience.

Gestalt psychologists believed that the mind imposes organization on what it perceives.

William James did not believe that consciousness could be broken down into basic elements.

Behavioral measures typically are more subjective than introspective measures.

The work of William James was largely influenced by Darwin's theory of natural selection.

Wilhelm Wundt believed that consciousness could be broken down into its component parts.