Question 1

Which of the following forms of homeostasis would not be affected by a severe burn involving both the epidermis and dermis?

Accepted Answer

A)  control of water loss by the integumentary system 
B)  protection from microbes by the integumentary system 
C)  defense against microbes by the immune system 
D)  sensation of external temperature 
A)  control of water loss by the integumentary system 
B)  protection from microbes by the integumentary system 
C)  defense against microbes by the immune system 
D)  sensation of external temperature

Question 2

Under normal conditions, blood sugar levels are controlled within a narrow range by negative feedback. Two hormones are involved in maintaining blood sugar levels at the set point (about 90 mg of glucose/100 mL of blood). When blood sugar levels rise above the set point, the hormone insulin signals the liver to absorb the excess sugar. When blood sugar levels drop below the set point, the hormone glucagon signals the liver to release its stored glucose to the bloodstream.
-For negative feedback control of blood glucose homeostasis to function properly,

Accepted Answer

A)  the set point changes in response to changes in blood glucose levels. 
B)  there must be sensors that monitor blood glucose levels. 
C)  glucagon acts as a stimulus to trigger the control center to activate a response. 
D)  an increase in blood glucose is continuously amplified by the liver. 
A)  the set point changes in response to changes in blood glucose levels. 
B)  there must be sensors that monitor blood glucose levels. 
C)  glucagon acts as a stimulus to trigger the control center to activate a response. 
D)  an increase in blood glucose is continuously amplified by the liver.

Question 3

Which of the following best represents an adaptation to increase surface-to-volume ratio?

Accepted Answer

A)  the long bones of a giraffe 
B)  the smooth skin of an earthworm 
C)  the multilobed sacs in the lungs 
D)  the striations of skeletal muscle 
A)  the long bones of a giraffe 
B)  the smooth skin of an earthworm 
C)  the multilobed sacs in the lungs 
D)  the striations of skeletal muscle

Question 4

Smooth muscle is responsible for

Accepted Answer

A)  voluntary body activities. 
B)  the pumping action of the heart. 
C)  an athlete's ability to run a 100-meter dash. 
D)  involuntary body activities. 
A)  voluntary body activities. 
B)  the pumping action of the heart. 
C)  an athlete's ability to run a 100-meter dash. 
D)  involuntary body activities.

Question 5

Which of the following is formed from a matrix of collagen fibers embedded in a hard mineral substance?

Accepted Answer

A)  cartilage 
B)  bone 
C)  adipose tissue 
D)  fibrous connective tissue 
A)  cartilage 
B)  bone 
C)  adipose tissue 
D)  fibrous connective tissue

Question 6

Dialysis is a treatment that can replace kidney function in some patients with kidney failure, while they await transplantation. Based on your knowledge of kidney function, how do you expect dialysis to work?

Accepted Answer

A)  Dialysis extracts metabolic wastes from the blood. 
B)  Dialysis exchanges gases between the blood and the atmosphere. 
C)  Dialysis delivers nutrients to the blood. 
D)  Dialysis produces heat in the blood. 
A)  Dialysis extracts metabolic wastes from the blood. 
B)  Dialysis exchanges gases between the blood and the atmosphere. 
C)  Dialysis delivers nutrients to the blood. 
D)  Dialysis produces heat in the blood.

Question 7

Connective tissue is different from other major tissue types in that it

Accepted Answer

A)  is made of cells. 
B)  has cells that are sparsely scattered through a nonliving matrix. 
C)  covers the surface of the body. 
D)  conducts electrical impulses throughout the body. 
A)  is made of cells. 
B)  has cells that are sparsely scattered through a nonliving matrix. 
C)  covers the surface of the body. 
D)  conducts electrical impulses throughout the body.

Question 8

-Which part of the figure shows an organ?

Accepted Answer

A)  part A 
B)  part B 
C)  part C 
D)  part D 
A)  part A 
B)  part B 
C)  part C 
D)  part D

Question 9

The most common type of connective tissue in the human body is

Accepted Answer

A)  fibrous connective tissue. 
B)  adipose tissue. 
C)  loose connective tissue. 
D)  bone. 
A)  fibrous connective tissue. 
B)  adipose tissue. 
C)  loose connective tissue. 
D)  bone.

Question 10

The liquid part of human blood that consists of water, salts, and dissolved proteins is known as

Accepted Answer

A)  interstitial fluid. 
B)  lymph. 
C)  plasma. 
D)  platelets. 
A)  interstitial fluid. 
B)  lymph. 
C)  plasma. 
D)  platelets.

Question 11

A common knee injury in athletes involves the anterior cruciate ligament, or ACL. The ACL consists of tissue that connects the bones of the femur (upper leg bone) and tibia (lower leg bone). What kind of tissue would you expect to be damaged in an ACL injury?

Accepted Answer

A)  bone tissue 
B)  striated muscle tissue 
C)  fibrous connective tissue 
D)  cartilage 
A)  bone tissue 
B)  striated muscle tissue 
C)  fibrous connective tissue 
D)  cartilage

Question 12

A physiologist is a biologist who studies the

Accepted Answer

A)  structure of body parts. 
B)  evolution of animals. 
C)  physics of living things. 
D)  function of body parts. 
A)  structure of body parts. 
B)  evolution of animals. 
C)  physics of living things. 
D)  function of body parts.

Question 13

Which of the following is most likely to be responsible if, when your blood sugar level rises, the level of sugar goes back down to a set point?

Accepted Answer

A)  a malfunction in a homeostatic mechanism based on negative feedback 
B)  a homeostatic mechanism based on negative feedback 
C)  a malfunction in a homeostatic mechanism based on positive feedback 
D)  a homeostatic mechanism based on positive feedback 
A)  a malfunction in a homeostatic mechanism based on negative feedback 
B)  a homeostatic mechanism based on negative feedback 
C)  a malfunction in a homeostatic mechanism based on positive feedback 
D)  a homeostatic mechanism based on positive feedback

Question 14

Which type of tissue forms a communication and coordination system within the body?

Accepted Answer

A)  nervous 
B)  epithelial 
C)  connective 
D)  muscle 
A)  nervous 
B)  epithelial 
C)  connective 
D)  muscle

Question 15

What will happen if you scratch a mosquito bite and, in the process, damage some of your stratified squamous epithelial cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  The damaged cells will heal themselves. 
B)  The cells near the base of the epithelium will rapidly replicate to replace the damaged cells. 
C)  Vitamin D synthesis will not be able to take place. 
D)  Dermal cells will replace the epidermal cells to heal the injury. 
A)  The damaged cells will heal themselves. 
B)  The cells near the base of the epithelium will rapidly replicate to replace the damaged cells. 
C)  Vitamin D synthesis will not be able to take place. 
D)  Dermal cells will replace the epidermal cells to heal the injury.

Question 16

An organ system consists of

Accepted Answer

A)  organs that collectively perform a vital body function. 
B)  a group of coordinated tissues. 
C)  a collection of similar cells. 
D)  blood, lymph, and other body fluids. 
A)  organs that collectively perform a vital body function. 
B)  a group of coordinated tissues. 
C)  a collection of similar cells. 
D)  blood, lymph, and other body fluids.

Question 17

Materials such as food, minerals, and oxygen are passed to cells through

Accepted Answer

A)  water. 
B)  interstitial fluid. 
C)  matrix fibers. 
D)  neurons. 
A)  water. 
B)  interstitial fluid. 
C)  matrix fibers. 
D)  neurons.

Question 18

-Which part of the figure shows a complete organ system?

Accepted Answer

A)  part A 
B)  part B 
C)  part C 
D)  part D 
A)  part A 
B)  part B 
C)  part C 
D)  part D

Question 19

Which of the following items has a shape most similar to a squamous epithelial cell?

Accepted Answer

A)  a watermelon 
B)  a cupcake 
C)  a fried egg 
D)  the letter "S" 
A)  a watermelon 
B)  a cupcake 
C)  a fried egg 
D)  the letter "S"

Question 20

The laryngeal nerve is 15 feet long in giraffes because

Accepted Answer

A)  a giraffe's throat is located far away from its brain. 
B)  this nerve connects to the spinal cord. 
C)  the nerve is modified from an ancestor that did not have a neck. 
D)  this nerve is a vestigial organ. 
A)  a giraffe's throat is located far away from its brain. 
B)  this nerve connects to the spinal cord. 
C)  the nerve is modified from an ancestor that did not have a neck. 
D)  this nerve is a vestigial organ.

Exam 20: Unifying Concepts of Animal Structure and Function

Which of the following forms of homeostasis would not be affected by a severe burn involving both the epidermis and dermis?

Which of the following best represents an adaptation to increase surface-to-volume ratio?

Smooth muscle is responsible for

Which of the following is formed from a matrix of collagen fibers embedded in a hard mineral substance?

Dialysis is a treatment that can replace kidney function in some patients with kidney failure, while they await transplantation. Based on your knowledge of kidney function, how do you expect dialysis to work?

Connective tissue is different from other major tissue types in that it

-Which part of the figure shows an organ?

The most common type of connective tissue in the human body is

The liquid part of human blood that consists of water, salts, and dissolved proteins is known as

A common knee injury in athletes involves the anterior cruciate ligament, or ACL. The ACL consists of tissue that connects the bones of the femur (upper leg bone) and tibia (lower leg bone). What kind of tissue would you expect to be damaged in an ACL injury?

A physiologist is a biologist who studies the

Which of the following is most likely to be responsible if, when your blood sugar level rises, the level of sugar goes back down to a set point?

Which type of tissue forms a communication and coordination system within the body?

What will happen if you scratch a mosquito bite and, in the process, damage some of your stratified squamous epithelial cells?

An organ system consists of

Materials such as food, minerals, and oxygen are passed to cells through

-Which part of the figure shows a complete organ system?

Which of the following items has a shape most similar to a squamous epithelial cell?

The laryngeal nerve is 15 feet long in giraffes because

Biology: Exploring Life

The Chemical Basis of Life

The Molecules of Cells

A Tour of the Cell

The Working Cell

How Cells Harvest Chemical Energy

Photosynthesis: Using Light to Make Food

The Cellular Basis of Reproduction and Inheritance

Patterns of Inheritance

Molecular Biology of the Gene

How Genes Are Controlled

DNA Technology and Genomics

How Populations Evolve

The Origin of Species

Tracing Evolutionary History

Microbial Life: Prokaryotes and Protists

The Evolution of Plant and Fungal Diversity

The Evolution of Invertebrate Diversity

The Evolution of Vertebrate Diversity

Nutrition and Digestion

Gas Exchange

Circulation

The Immune System

Control of Body Temperature and Water Balance

Hormones and the Endocrine System

Reproduction and Embryonic Development

Nervous Systems

The Senses

How Animals Move

Plant Structure, Growth, and Reproduction

Plant Nutrition and Transport

Control Systems in Plants

The Biosphere: an Introduction to Earths Diverse Environments

Behavioral Adaptations to the Environment

Population Ecology

Communities and Ecosystems

Conservation Biology

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