Exam 20: Structure and Function of the Respiratory System

A baby born at 30 weeks of gestation who develops respiratory distress characterized by atelectasis (collapse of the lung)probably suffers from a physiological defect in:

Which statement best describes the unique features of the pulmonary circulatory system?

Like the kidneys,the lungs demonstrate functional unity; that is,each unit is structurally and functionally identical.The basic physiological unit of the lung is the respiratory unit,which consists of:

A 4-year-old child accidentally aspirates a small marble with a diameter of 0.8 mm.Where in the lung is the toy most likely to be found?

Which of the following is the correct proximal-to-distal alignment of the human airway?

A 65-year-old woman with a smoking history of 2 packs/day for 30 years has received a diagnosis of chronic obstructive lung disease.She probably has increased mucus viscosity as a result of:

A 25-year-old woman with asthma is brought to the emergency department because of an acute asthmatic attack.She is using her sternocleidomastoid and internal/external intercostal muscles to breathe.This can be interpreted as:

Which respiratory epithelial cell (1)is at maturation essential for survival of premature infants,(2)produces surfactant,(3)differentiates to establish normal cellular architecture during development and repair,and (4)normally occupies <5% of the luminal surface area after birth?

Surfactant aids in stabilizing the inflation of alveoli through its ability to decrease surface tension.What best describes the mechanism of interdependence,created by the pores of Kohn and canals of Lambert,which is also important in alveolar inflation?

A 65-year-old woman with a smoking history of 2 packs/day for 30 years has received a diagnosis of chronic obstructive lung disease.She is obviously using her accessory respiratory muscles for breathing; this behavior is caused by: