Chat with AIExam 17: Mastering the Interview Process: Types, Structure, and Strategies
How do the principles and skills you have learned about public speaking in Chapters 12-15 relate to your competence as an employment interviewee? How can you use these skills to improve your effectiveness in the role of an interviewee?
Answer Key
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VerifiedIdeal answers should focus on turning the interview from an impromptu to an extemporaneous speaking context. This can be done by anticipating questions and preparing to answer them. The interviewer and the company he or she represents should be seen as an audience, and the goal should be to communicate the message to that unique audience. Research is essential both to know what types of questions are likely to be asked and to provide good supporting examples that will help the company see why the interviewee is a good candidate for the job. Strong answers might weave in a discussion of ethics-ensuring that the information provided is accurate and not exaggerated and that credit is given to anyone whose ideas they may borrow from or build off in answering questions. Strong answers will also identify that the interviewee's role is similar to a persuasive speaker's position-he or she is not merely providing information but also is trying to influence the interviewer's attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors.
Compare and contrast the different types of interviews, and provide at least one example of a context in which the manager of a store might use each type of interview.
(39) VerifiedIdeal answers will include the following information: •Information-gathering interview-Designed to obtain information by collecting attitudes, opinions, facts, data, and experiences. •Service-oriented interview-Designed to cull information and provide advice, service, or support based on the information. •Media interview-Designed to get information about people and events and sometimes to analyze the information or express opinions and emotions. •Persuasive interview-Designed to elicit change in the interviewee's behaviors or opinions. •Problem-solving interview-Designed to resolve a tension or conflict by bringing together the parties involved. •Motivational interview-Designed to inspire and strengthen personal motivation through the use of goal-oriented questions. •Appraisal interview-Designed to review accomplishments and goals. •Exit interview-Designed to help an organization identify organizational problems as employees, students, or other members of the community exit their ranks. •Selection interview-Designed to fill some sort of vacancy in the organization based on the information gathered. A job interview is the most common example. Examples will vary but should be true to the nature of each interview type.
Describe the structure of an interview from beginning to end. What are the roles of the interviewer in each specific stage of the interview? What are the interviewer's responsibilities before and after the interview?
(32) VerifiedIdeal answers will incorporate the following ideas: •Prior to the interview, the interviewer should anticipate barriers to the interview functioning effectively and take proactive action to overcome these barriers. During this time, the interviewer would be identifying the goal of the interview and structuring the interview to ensure success. •Opening-The interviewer communicates the task of the interview, establishes a relationship with the interviewee, and specifies the motivation for the interview. During this time, the interviewer should take steps to ensure the interviewee feels comfortable. •Questions-During this time the interviewer will ask primary and secondary questions to elicit the desired information. He or she must listen carefully and respond appropriately. The interviewer is responsible for asking ethical and appropriate primary and secondary questions. Questions should be clear and easy to understand, they should be neutral rather than directed, and they should be short and to the point. Ultimately, the interviewer is responsible for structuring the interview and should make sure it's organized effectively, considering the objective of the interview and in response to any anticipated barriers. •Closing-In the conclusion of the interview, the interviewer should signal that the interview is coming to a close, summarize the conclusions provided by the interview, express satisfaction with the process, and tell the interviewee what will come next.
How does interviewing compare to interpersonal communication, group communication, and public speaking? In what ways is it similar? In what ways is it a distinctly different form of communication?
(33) Alvaro graduated a month ago and is currently in the job market looking for his first professional position. Despite the fact that Alvaro has a strong GPA, is a member of a fraternity for students in his field, and has recently finished an internship, he hasn't had any luck, so far, landing an interview, and he's beginning to feel frustrated. He has focused on applying for jobs through HYPERLINK "http://monster.com"monster.com, and he's just not sure what to do next. Is Alvaro making any mistakes in his job search? What advice do you have for Alvaro to help him land a great interview?
(31) Explain the interviewee's role in the interview process. What steps should an employment interviewee take to ensure he or she is adequately prepared to fill these roles and communicate effectively during the interview? What advice would you have to help the interviewee communicate effectively during and after the interview?
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