Question 1

The scientist credited with the discovery of DNA (nuclein)from white blood cells in pus on surgical bandages is

Accepted Answer

A) Johann Friedrich Meischer. 
B) Eduard Zacharias. 
C) Fredrick Griffiths. 
D) Martha Chase. 
E) Oswald Avery. 
A) Johann Friedrich Meischer. 
B) Eduard Zacharias. 
C) Fredrick Griffiths. 
D) Martha Chase. 
E) Oswald Avery.

Question 2

Which of the following statements is true regarding mitochondrial and chloroplast genomes?

Accepted Answer

A) They contain mostly interspersed and tandemly repeated DNA. 
B) They are able to replicate independently of the nuclear DNA. 
C) They contain all the genes necessary for aerobic respiration. 
D) They are degenerate bacterial genomes that don't contain important protein-coding genes. 
E) They only encode for ribosomal and transfer RNAs. 
A) They contain mostly interspersed and tandemly repeated DNA. 
B) They are able to replicate independently of the nuclear DNA. 
C) They contain all the genes necessary for aerobic respiration. 
D) They are degenerate bacterial genomes that don't contain important protein-coding genes. 
E) They only encode for ribosomal and transfer RNAs.

Question 3

The nucleolus

Accepted Answer

A) is surrounded by a thin nucleolar membrane. 
B) is found in prokaryotes. 
C) contains tRNA. 
D) synthesizes ribosomal RNA. 
E) is found in prokaryotes and contains tRNA and rRNA. 
A) is surrounded by a thin nucleolar membrane. 
B) is found in prokaryotes. 
C) contains tRNA. 
D) synthesizes ribosomal RNA. 
E) is found in prokaryotes and contains tRNA and rRNA.

Question 4

Two classes of transposable elements associated with interspersed repeated DNA are ________ and ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Two classes of transposable elements associated with...

Question 5

A recently isolated bacterial strain has been given to you for general characterization of the genome.You begin by isolating the DNA and subjecting it to thermal denaturation.You use Escherichia coli (E.coli)DNA as a reference.   Based on the information in the graph,you can determine that the DNA of the new strain has a high

Accepted Answer

A) G-C content with respect to E.coli. 
B) pyrimidine content with respect to E.coli. 
C) A-T content with respect to E.coli. 
D) purine content,with respect to E.coli. 
E) histone content with respect to E.coli. 
A) G-C content with respect to E.coli. 
B) pyrimidine content with respect to E.coli. 
C) A-T content with respect to E.coli. 
D) purine content,with respect to E.coli. 
E) histone content with respect to E.coli.

Question 6

In the Ran/importin pathway ________ provides the energy for transport of proteins into the nucleus.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In the Ran/importin pathway ________ provides the...

Question 7

Following reports that the amount of DNA varied over time within cells,scientists in the early 1900s concluded that the genetic material had to be

Accepted Answer

A) DNA. 
B) RNA. 
C) protein. 
D) lipids. 
E) carbohydrates. 
A) DNA. 
B) RNA. 
C) protein. 
D) lipids. 
E) carbohydrates.

Question 8

________ is the process of creating an RNA copy of the information in DNA.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ________ is the process of creating an...

Question 9

You are interested in expression of regions of the X chromosome at different times in human fetal development.You hypothesize that large regions of the X chromosomes will be expressed at times when parts of the reproductive organs are developing.What structural and chemical characteristics of the X chromosome might you look at over time to determine when expression of genes on the X chromosome is enhanced or repressed?

Accepted Answer

Answers will vary,but should include exa

Question 10

Packaging of prokaryotic chromosomes

Accepted Answer

A) doesn't involve histone or histone-like proteins. 
B) involves large regions of positively supercoiled DNA but lacks histones or histone-like proteins. 
C) is very simple and lacks higher-level structure,such as looped domains. 
D) involves structural RNA molecules that contribute to the formation of looped domains.is essentially the same as eukaryotic DNA packaging. 
A) doesn't involve histone or histone-like proteins. 
B) involves large regions of positively supercoiled DNA but lacks histones or histone-like proteins. 
C) is very simple and lacks higher-level structure,such as looped domains. 
D) involves structural RNA molecules that contribute to the formation of looped domains.is essentially the same as eukaryotic DNA packaging.

Question 11

In 1928,Frederick Griffith's experiments with Streptococcus pneumoniae suggested that

Accepted Answer

A) bacteria do not incorporate the DNA of other bacteria. 
B) attenuated R (rough)bacteria easily revert to the wild type (virulent). 
C) RNA was the genetic material. 
D) heat-killed bacteria could somehow "transform" live bacteria. 
E) protein was the genetic material. 
A) bacteria do not incorporate the DNA of other bacteria. 
B) attenuated R (rough)bacteria easily revert to the wild type (virulent). 
C) RNA was the genetic material. 
D) heat-killed bacteria could somehow "transform" live bacteria. 
E) protein was the genetic material.

Question 12

About half of the human genome is composed of mobile elements that are thought to function in ________.

Accepted Answer

evolution OR evoluti

Question 13

Describe constitutive heterochromatin and facultative heterochromatin.Based upon this information,what would you predict would happen during the embryonic development of an organism if some regions of facultative heterochromatin were changed to constitutive regions?

Accepted Answer

Constitutive heterochromatin exists in a

Question 14

DNA isolated from Aspergillis has an adenine content of 25%.Based upon this information,what is the %G + %C within the Aspergillis DNA?

Accepted Answer

A) 0% 
B) 25% 
C) 50% 
D) 75% 
E) The answer cannot be determined from this information. 
A) 0% 
B) 25% 
C) 50% 
D) 75% 
E) The answer cannot be determined from this information.

Question 15

An example of a purine is

Accepted Answer

A) thymine. 
B) guanine. 
C) deoxyribose. 
D) cytosine. 
E) ribose 5-phosphate. 
A) thymine. 
B) guanine. 
C) deoxyribose. 
D) cytosine. 
E) ribose 5-phosphate.

Question 16

What characteristic is shared between most prokaryotic and mitochondrial genomes?

Accepted Answer

A) 20% interspersed repeats 
C) circular chromosomes 
D) linear chromosomes 
E) circular chromosomes with <5 % protein-coding genes 
A) 20% interspersed repeats 
C) circular chromosomes 
D) linear chromosomes 
E) circular chromosomes with <5 % protein-coding genes

Question 17

DNA is often referred to as a ________ because two strands of DNA are intertwined in the most common conformation in the cell.

Accepted Answer

The answer of DNA is often referred to as a...

Question 18

You are using genetic engineering to design a protein that needs to be synthesized in the cytoplasm and then localized in the nucleus of the cell.To accomplish this,you could add

Accepted Answer

A) a DNA sequence for a nuclear localization signal into the DNA that will be present in the mature protein. 
B) the protein during mitosis,at a time when the nuclear membrane is dispersed. 
C) a nucleotide or few nucleotides to the DNA sequence for the protein. 
D) a series of specific polysaccharides to the carboxyterminal end of the protein. 
E) inverted repeats to the DNA sequence for the protein. 
A) a DNA sequence for a nuclear localization signal into the DNA that will be present in the mature protein. 
B) the protein during mitosis,at a time when the nuclear membrane is dispersed. 
C) a nucleotide or few nucleotides to the DNA sequence for the protein. 
D) a series of specific polysaccharides to the carboxyterminal end of the protein. 
E) inverted repeats to the DNA sequence for the protein.

Question 19

When examining a five-carbon sugar to determine if it is ribose or deoxyribose,one looks to see if there are two H on the ________ carbon in the structure.

Accepted Answer

A) 1' 
B) 2' 
C) 3' 
D) 4' 
E) 5' 
A) 1' 
B) 2' 
C) 3' 
D) 4' 
E) 5'

Question 20

Which type of DNA makes up the largest portion of the human genome?

Accepted Answer

A) introns 
B) unique noncoding DNA 
C) exons 
D) tandemly repeated DNA 
E) interspersed repeated DNA 
A) introns 
B) unique noncoding DNA 
C) exons 
D) tandemly repeated DNA 
E) interspersed repeated DNA

Exam 16: The Structural Basis of Cellular Information: Dna, chromosomes, and the Nucleus

The scientist credited with the discovery of DNA (nuclein)from white blood cells in pus on surgical bandages is

Which of the following statements is true regarding mitochondrial and chloroplast genomes?

The nucleolus

Two classes of transposable elements associated with interspersed repeated DNA are ________ and ________.

In the Ran/importin pathway ________ provides the energy for transport of proteins into the nucleus.

Following reports that the amount of DNA varied over time within cells,scientists in the early 1900s concluded that the genetic material had to be

________ is the process of creating an RNA copy of the information in DNA.

Packaging of prokaryotic chromosomes

In 1928,Frederick Griffith's experiments with Streptococcus pneumoniae suggested that

About half of the human genome is composed of mobile elements that are thought to function in ________.

Describe constitutive heterochromatin and facultative heterochromatin.Based upon this information,what would you predict would happen during the embryonic development of an organism if some regions of facultative heterochromatin were changed to constitutive regions?

DNA isolated from Aspergillis has an adenine content of 25%.Based upon this information,what is the %G + %C within the Aspergillis DNA?

An example of a purine is

What characteristic is shared between most prokaryotic and mitochondrial genomes?

DNA is often referred to as a ________ because two strands of DNA are intertwined in the most common conformation in the cell.

You are using genetic engineering to design a protein that needs to be synthesized in the cytoplasm and then localized in the nucleus of the cell.To accomplish this,you could add

When examining a five-carbon sugar to determine if it is ribose or deoxyribose,one looks to see if there are two H on the ________ carbon in the structure.

Which type of DNA makes up the largest portion of the human genome?

A Preview of Cell Biology

The Chemistry of the Cell

The Macromolecules of the Cell

Cells and Organelles

Bioenergetics: the Flow of Energy in the Cell

Enzymes: the Catalysts of Life

Membranes: Their Structure,function,and Chemistry

Transport Across Membranes: Overcoming the Permeability Barrier

Chemotrophic Energy Metabolism: Glycolysis and Fermentation

Chemotrophic Energy Metabolism: Aerobic Respiration

Phototrophic Energy Metabolism: Photosynthesis

The Endomembrane System

Cytoskeletal Systems

Cellular Movement: Motility and Contractility

Beyond the Cell: Cell Adhesions, cell Junctions, and Extracellular Structures

DNA Replication, repair, and Recombination

Gene Expression: Ithe Genetic Code and Transcription

Gene Expression: Iiprotein Synthesis and Sorting

The Regulation of Gene Expression

Molecular Biology Techniques for Cell Biology

Signal Transduction Mechanisms: Ielectrical and Synaptic Signaling in Neurons

Signal Transduction Mechanisms: Iimessengers and Receptors

The Cell Cycle and Mitosis

Sexual Reproduction,meiosis,and Genetic Recombination

Filters

Two classes of transposable elements associated with interspersed repeated DNA are and .